Predictive Factors and the Predictive Scoring System for Falls in Acute Care Inpatients: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Falls in hospitalized patients are a serious problem, resulting in physical injury, secondary complications, impaired activities of daily living, prolonged hospital stays, and increased medical costs. Establishing a fall prediction scoring system to identify patients most likely to fall can help prevent falls among hospitalized patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify predictive factors of falls in acute care hospital patients, develop a scoring system, and evaluate its validity.

Associations of anaemia and iron deficiency with health-related quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease stage G3b-5 in Japan: sub analysis of the Reach-J CKD cohort study.

Background: Iron deficiency is a major contributor to anaemia in chronic kidney diseases. The association of anaemia and iron deficiency with health-related quality of life in Japanese patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease has not been examined. In this study, we evaluated anaemia and iron deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease G3b-5 and examined their associations with health-related quality of life.

N-glycosylation negatively regulates the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in mouse macrophage.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) is a potent inflammatory cytokine and is also involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. While the intracellular signal cascades of TNF stimulation have been extensively studied, the regulatory mechanism of TNF production is still largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of N-glycosylation of TNF in its production.

Lifestyle Habits of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Specificity by Age Group.

To date, only a few studies have assessed the dietary preferences, lifestyle habits, and risk factors of patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study aimed to investigate the dietary preferences and lifestyle habits of these patients to reflect on the implementation of an effective comprehensive diet therapy in the future.In total, 117 patients who were admitted to Fukuoka University Nishijin Hospital due to acute myocardial infarction from April 2014 to January 2020 were enrolled.

Criterion-Related Validity of the Cognitive Function Score with the Revised Hasegawa's Dementia Scale and the Bedriddenness Rank with the Barthel Index and the Katz Index: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The cognitive function score (CFS) is a public scale for assessing the activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with dementia in Japan. In contrast, the scores of the revised Hasegawa's dementia scale (HDS-R), an easy-to-use dementia screening tool developed in Japan, are significantly correlated with mini-mental state examination scores and are widely utilized in various countries. This novel study aimed to elucidate the previously unexplored criterion-related validity of the CFS and HDS-R and the Bedriddenness Rank (BR), Barthel index (BI), and Katz index (KI).

A convolutional neural network model detecting lasting behavioral changes in mice with kanamycin-induced unilateral inner ear dysfunction.

In acute aminoglycoside ototoxicity of the unilateral inner ear, physical abnormalities, such as nystagmus and postural alteration, are relieved within a few days by neural compensation. To examine exploratory behavior over an extended period, behaviors of freely moving mice after unilateral kanamycin injection into the inner ear were recorded in a home cage environment. The tail was excluded from deep learning-mediated object detection because of its delayed movement relative to the body.

Relationship between left atrial/left ventricular diameter ratio and outcomes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Although diastolic dysfunction is the main pathophysiological feature of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), it remains to be clarified whether parameters of diastolic function can reliably determine HCM prognosis. In patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) distensibility, chronic elevation of LV diastolic pressure is seen with a smaller than expected LV size. Accordingly, patients with HCM with severe LV diastolic dysfunction typically demonstrate left atrial (LA) dilation and a disproportionately smaller left ventricle.

[Development of Lomentospora prolificans infection during induction therapy with venetoclax and azacitidine for acute myeloid leukemia].

Lomentospora prolificans is a rare filamentous fungus that causes invasive fungal disease (IFD) in immunocompromised patients with hematological malignancies, as well as hematopoietic cell or solid organ transplant recipients. A 75-year-old woman was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, and started induction therapy with azacitidine and adjusted-dose venetoclax along with antifungal prophylaxis with fluconazole. On day 7, she became febrile and chest CT imaging showed multiple nodules in both lung fields, and the serum galactomannan antigen index became positive, indicating probable IFD.

Effective method for life-style modifications focused on dietary sodium intake in chronic kidney disease: sub-analysis of the FROM-J study.

Background: Lifestyle modifications by educational sessions are an important component of multidisciplinary treatment for chronic kidney disease (CKD). We attempted to identify the best method to teach these modifications in order to ensure their acceptance by patients and investigated its effectiveness in CKD practice.

Methods: This study is a post-hoc analysis of the FROM-J study.

Endoscopic Powered Intracapsular Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea With High-Risk Comorbid Disease Conditions: A Case Series.

Objective: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) caused by adenoids or an enlarged palatine tonsil has a negative impact on physical and mental growth. Surgical removal of the tissue is effective but entails a life-threatening risk of postoperative bleeding, which is up to 30 times higher in chronic pediatric disease cases. However, endoscopes and resection devices provide safe, reliable surgical methods.

A new pest suction machine to control Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in tomato greenhouses.

The sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is challenging to control using chemical pesticides owing to its resistance to many insecticides. Thus, there has been an increasing demand for alternative control measures. Thus, this study evaluated the efficacy of a newly designed pest suction machine to manage whiteflies on tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.

The Source-to-Sea Landscape: A hybrid integrative territory management approach.

Whether fresh or salty, water is a unique resource, a continuum interlinked by the hydrological cycle. It forms a complex system connected to the landscape. When the landscape is altered, water flows and their benefits are impacted.

Performance of GPT-4V in Answering the Japanese Otolaryngology Board Certification Examination Questions: Evaluation Study.

Background: Artificial intelligence models can learn from medical literature and clinical cases and generate answers that rival human experts. However, challenges remain in the analysis of complex data containing images and diagrams.

Objective: This study aims to assess the answering capabilities and accuracy of ChatGPT-4 Vision (GPT-4V) for a set of 100 questions, including image-based questions, from the 2023 otolaryngology board certification examination.

An analysis of the contents of the young-onset dementia helpline: profiles of clients who consulted the helpline themselves.

Background: Young-onset dementia (YOD) community care requires personalised approaches. Yet, the specific details of YOD consultations are unclear. This study explored how initial consultations correlate with client profiles.

Draft genome sequences of 13 putatively novel species and strains assembled from human saliva.

We present the draft metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of 13 representatives from human saliva. MAGs were reconstructed by a streamlined pre-assembly mapping approach performed against 9 clinically relevant reference genomes. Overall, genomes belonging to 2 potentially novel species and 11 strains were recovered, as determined by genome-wide ANI analysis.

Validation and Improvement of the Saga Fall Risk Model: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study.

Purpose: We conducted a pilot study in an acute care hospital and developed the Saga Fall Risk Model 2 (SFRM2), a fall prediction model comprising eight items: Bedriddenness rank, age, sex, emergency admission, admission to the neurosurgery department, history of falls, independence of eating, and use of hypnotics. The external validation results from the two hospitals showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of SFRM2 may be lower in other facilities. This study aimed to validate the accuracy of SFRM2 using data from eight hospitals, including chronic care hospitals, and adjust the coefficients to improve the accuracy of SFRM2 and validate it.

Correlation between the Closure Time of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants and Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Outcome.

In patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants, the relationship between treatment timing and long-term developmental prognosis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the age in days when ductus arteriosus closure occurred and long-term development. Preterm infants with a birth weight of less than 1500 g who were admitted to our NICU over a period of 9 years (2011-2019) and were diagnosed with PDA were included.

The V-ATPase-ATG16L1 axis recruits LRRK2 to facilitate the lysosomal stress response.

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), a Rab kinase associated with Parkinson's disease and several inflammatory diseases, has been shown to localize to stressed lysosomes and get activated to regulate lysosomal homeostasis. However, the mechanisms of LRRK2 recruitment and activation have not been well understood. Here, we found that the ATG8 conjugation system regulates the recruitment of LRRK2 as well as LC3 onto single membranes of stressed lysosomes/phagosomes.