Digital empowerment in long-term condition management: A systematic review and narrative synthesis of the experiences and perceptions of home-based digital health coaching interventions.

Objectives: Globally, the prevalence of long-term conditions (LTCs) continues to rise. The impact of LTCs presents significant challenges for international health and social care systems and continues to be a leading cause of mortality. Despite this, digital health coaching interventions (DHCIs) appear to be a promising strategy for managing chronic disease.

Mortality and discharge disposition among older adults with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: This study examined the research on older adults with a moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), with a focus on mortality and discharge disposition.

Method: Systematic searches were conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsycINFO for studies up to April 2022 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Results: 64 studies, published from 1992 to 2022, met the inclusion criteria.

Surgical outcomes of total duct excision in the diagnosis and management of nipple discharge.

Introduction: Total duct excision (TDE) is performed for the diagnosis and management of nipple discharge. The Association of Breast Surgery's recent guidelines recommend considering diagnostic surgery for single-duct, blood-stained or clear nipple discharge, and for symptomatic management.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the diagnostic and surgical outcomes of all cases of TDE between January 2013 and November 2019.

Overall and progression-free survival in endometrial carcinoma: A single-center retrospective study of patients treated between 2000-2018.

Background: Investigating survival in endometrial cancer (EC) is crucial to determine the effectiveness of overall management as it will reflect on the level of care provided among this population.

Objective: The study was conducted to analyze the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in treated endometrial carcinoma and to determine the associated predictors.

Design: Retrospective SETTING: Department of obstetrics and gynecology in university tertiary hospital PATIENTS AND METHODS: Baseline demographic and clinical data, tumor characteristics and perioperative and outcome data were collected from consecutive patients treated for EC between 2000 and 2018.

Wide-field-of-view optical detectors for deep ultraviolet light communication using all-inorganic CsPbBr perovskite nanocrystals.

Optical wireless communication (OWC) links suffer from strict requirements of pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) between the transmitter and receiver. Extending the narrow field-of-view (FoV) of conventional light-focusing elements at the receiver side can relax the PAT requirements. Herein, we use all-inorganic CsPbBr nanocrystals (NCs) to extend various optical concentrators' FOV to 60°, regardless of the original FOV values of the concentrators.

Molecular epidemiology, clinical features and significance of Shiga toxin detection from routine testing of gastroenteritis specimens.

After introduction of faecal multiplex PCR that includes targets for stx1 and stx2 genes, we found stx genes were detected in 120 specimens from 111 patients over a 31-month period from 2018-2020 from a total of 14,179 separate tests performed. The proportion of stx1 only vs stx2 only vs stx1 and stx2 was 35%, 22% and 42%, respectively. There were 54 specimens which were culture positive, with 33 different serotypes identified, the predominant serotype being O157:H7 (19%).

An ISO-certified genomics workflow for identification and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.

Realising the promise of genomics to revolutionise identification and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been a long-standing challenge in clinical and public health microbiology. Here, we report the creation and validation of abritAMR, an ISO-certified bioinformatics platform for genomics-based bacterial AMR gene detection. The abritAMR platform utilises NCBI's AMRFinderPlus, as well as additional features that classify AMR determinants into antibiotic classes and provide customised reports.

CNN-Aided Optical Fiber Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Early Detection of Red Palm Weevil: A Field Experiment.

Red palm weevil (RPW) is a harmful pest that destroys many date, coconut, and oil palm plantations worldwide. It is not difficult to apply curative methods to trees infested with RPW; however, the early detection of RPW remains a major challenge, especially on large farms. In a controlled environment and an outdoor farm, we report on the integration of optical fiber distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and machine learning (ML) for the early detection of true weevil larvae less than three weeks old.

State-wide genomic epidemiology investigations of COVID-19 in healthcare workers in 2020 Victoria, Australia: Qualitative thematic analysis to provide insights for future pandemic preparedness.

Background: COVID-19 has affected many healthcare workers (HCWs) globally. We performed state-wide SARS-CoV-2 genomic epidemiological investigations to identify HCW transmission dynamics and provide recommendations to optimise healthcare system preparedness for future outbreaks.

Methods: Genome sequencing was attempted on all COVID-19 cases in Victoria, Australia.

Clinical and pathological patterns of non-epithelial malignant ovarian tumours in Western Saudi Arabia.

Objective: To report a single-center experience in non-epithelial malignant ovarian tumours (NEMOT), by presenting different clinical and pathological characteristics, management and outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed electronic files of all female patients who underwent surgery for NEMOT at the Gynecology Department of King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from July 2003 to July 2019. We collected baseline demographic, anthropomorphic and clinical data; pathological characteristics; management and follow-up data; and outcomes including residual disease, recurrence and last follow-up status (deceased or alive).

Multi-site implementation of whole genome sequencing for hospital infection control: A prospective genomic epidemiological analysis.

Background: Current microbiological methods lack the resolution to accurately identify multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) transmission, however, whole genome sequencing can identify highly-related patient isolates providing opportunities for precision infection control interventions. We investigated the feasibility and potential impact of a prospective multi-centre genomics workflow for hospital infection control.

Methods: We conducted a prospective genomics implementation study across eight Australian hospitals over 15 months (2017,2018), collecting all clinical and screening isolates from inpatients with VRE, MRSA, ESBL (ESBL-Ec), or ESBL (ESBL-Kp).

The Diagnosis of Cervical Dysplasia in a University Hospital Using Pap Smear and Colposcopy in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: A Correlational Study.

Objectives To assess the diagnostic performance of Pap smear screening with or without human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and colposcopy in detecting preinvasive lesions of the cervix among women with reference to histopathological findings. Materials and methods We performed a retrospective study in a tertiary care center of the clinical and pathological records of women with evocative symptomatology. The diagnostic performance of Pap smear screening and colposcopy was analyzed.

Lab-in-a-van: Rapid SARS-CoV-2 testing response with a mobile laboratory.

Background: High testing rates and rapid contact tracing have been key interventions to control COVID-19 in Victoria, Australia. A mobile laboratory (LabVan), for rapid SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics, was deployed at sites deemed critical by the Victorian State Department of Health as part of the response. We describe the process of design, implementation, and performance benchmarked against a central reference laboratory.

COVID-19: Integrating genomic and epidemiological data to inform public health interventions and policy in Tasmania, Australia.

Objective: We undertook an integrated analysis of genomic and epidemiological data to investigate a large health-care-associated outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to better understand the epidemiology of COVID-19 cases in Tasmania, Australia.

Methods: Epidemiological data collected on COVID-19 cases notified in Tasmania between 2 March and 15 May 2020, and positive samples of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or RNA extracted from the samples were included. Sequencing was conducted by tiled amplicon polymerase chain reaction with ARTIC v1 or v3 primers and Illumina sequencing.

Compact scintillating-fiber/450-nm-laser transceiver for full-duplex underwater wireless optical communication system under turbulence.

The growing need for ocean monitoring and exploration has boosted underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) technology. To solve the challenges of pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) in UWOC technology, herein, we propose a 450-nm-laser/scintillating-fiber-based full-duplex (FD)-UWOC system for omnidirectional signal detection in real scenarios. The FD-UWOC system has a -3 dB bandwidth of 67 MHz with a low self-interference level of -44.

Survival and prognostic factors in women treated for epithelial ovarian cancer in western region of Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To assess survival and prognostic factors among women with epithelial ovarian cancer in Western Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out between October 2000 and May 2018, reviewing clinical and pathology data of all women who underwent staging or debulking surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer. Analysis of disease-free survival (DFS), overall survivals (OS) and the associated factors used Kaplan-Meier method in addition to cox multivariate regression.

Prevalence of Diabetes and Hypertension Among King Abdulaziz University Employees: Data From First Aid and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Program.

Objectives Saudi Arabia has a very high rate of chronic illnesses, especially hypertension (HTN) and diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and control of diabetes and hypertension among employees at a university in Saudi Arabia, including the associated risk factors, and to evaluate the need for early screening among these individuals. Methods This retrospective study used data from the first aid training program.

Dual-wavelength luminescent fibers receiver for wide field-of-view, Gb/s underwater optical wireless communication.

Extending the field-of-view (FoV) of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) receivers can significantly ease the need for active positioning and tracking mechanisms. Two bundle of scintillating fibers emitting at 430- and 488-nm were used to detect two independent signals from ultraviolet and visible laser sources. A zero-forcing approach to minimize inter-channel crosstalk was further implemented.

Empirical therapy for male factor infertility: Survey of the current practice.

Background: Empirical therapy is sometimes used by urologists who desire to improve the outcomes for infertility patients. However, the literature on empirical therapies is scarce. Therefore, we aimed to assess the clinical practice of urologists regarding the use of empirical therapy in the treatment of infertility patients.

Prognostic value of E-Cadherin and its tumor suppressor role in Saudi women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Unlabelled: The extracellular matrix (ECM) disruption and cytoskeleton reorganization are crucial events in tumor proliferation and invasion. E-Cadherin (E-CAD) is a member of cell adhesion molecules involved in cell-cell junctions and ECM stability. The loss of E-CAD expression is associated with cancer progression and metastasis.

Defective Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Immune Responses in an Immunocompromised Individual With Prolonged Viral Replication.

We describe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific immune responses in a patient with lymphoma and recent programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy with late onset of severe coronavirus disease 2019 disease and prolonged SARS-CoV-2 replication, in comparison to age-matched and immunocompromised controls. High levels of HLA-DR/CD38 activation, interleukin 6, and interleukin 18 in the absence of B cells and PD-1 expression was observed. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were absent and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were minimally detected.

The Global Landscape of Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis Data Reported to the World Health Organization-Coordinated Invasive Bacterial Vaccine-Preventable Disease Surveillance Network, 2014-2019.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) coordinates the Global Invasive Bacterial Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (IB-VPD) Surveillance Network to support vaccine introduction decisions and use. The network was established to strengthen surveillance and laboratory confirmation of meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis.

Methods: Sentinel hospitals report cases of children <5 years of age hospitalized for suspected meningitis.