First definition of burned choroid plexus in acidic cerebrospinal fluid-filled brain ventricles during subarachnoid hemorrhage: Experimental study.

Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acidosis is the most troubling complication in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) if carotid body (CB) networks are disrupted. However, histopathological examination of the choroid plexus (CP) in acidic CSF has not been evaluated so far. In this study, we aimed to investigate the CP in acidic CSF following SAH.

Therapeutic effect of N- acetyl cysteine as an antioxidant on rainbow trout's brain in cypermethrin toxicity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of N-acetylcystein (NAC) against oxidative stress induced by Cypermethrin pesticide in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The experiment was designed as 5 groups (A, B, C, D, and E). Group A was organized as control group and had no treatment.

Evaluation of hepatic arterial anatomy by multidetector computed tomographic angiography in living donor liver transplantation.

The aim of this study was to define the different courses and percentages of hepatic artery that were detected during preoperative evaluation of living liver donors by multidetector computed tomographic angiography (MDCTA). We evaluated 150 donors before hepatic transplantation. All of the donors were evaluated by multislice CT scan with 256 detectors.

The effects of serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels on gallstone cholesterol concentration.

Objective: Gallbladder stones are common in the Western world, and 70% to 80% of gallstones are cholesterol stones. This study investigates the effects of serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels on gallstone cholesterol concentration.

Methodology: The gallstones of 75 patients with cholelithiasis were examined using spectrophotometry.

The effect of carvacrol on healthy neurons and N2a cancer cells: some biochemical, anticancerogenicity and genotoxicity studies.

Carvacrol (CVC) is a phenolic monoterpene present in many essential oils of medicinal and aromatic plants and has attracted attention because of its beneficial biological activities. To date, although various biological activities of CVC have been demonstrated, its neurotoxicity on cultured primary rat neurons and N2a neuroblastoma cells has never been explored. Therefore, in this present study, we aimed to describe in vitro antiproliferative and/or cytotoxic properties (by 3-(4,5 dimetylthiazol -2-yl)-2,5 diphenlytetrazolium bromide (MTT) test), genotoxic damage potentials (by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) or Comet assay) and antioxidant activities (by total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative stress (TOS) analysis) of CVC in vitro.

The genotoxic potentials of some atypical antipsychotic drugs on human lymphocytes.

Olanzapine (OLZ), risperidone (RPD) and quetiapine (QTP) are atypical antipsychotic drugs and are commonly used for the treatments of schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. However, recent reports indicated that these drugs could exhibit toxic effects on nervous and cardiovascular systems. To our best knowledge, there are scarce data considering the genotoxic damage potentials of OLZ, RPD and QTP on human lymphocyte culture system.

The effects of some boron compounds against heavy metal toxicity in human blood.

Heavy metals can accumulate in the environment and cause serious damages to ecosystems and human health. Boron is considered to be essential micronutrient with its well established biological functions and the antioxidant effects of boric acid (BA) are controversial. However, the potential of important boron compounds in cellular activities remains unexplored.

Serum potassium levels in sigmoid volvulus.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the serum potassium concentrations in patients with sigmoid volvulus (SV), which is a rare large bowel obstruction.

Materials And Methods: The records of 86 patients with SV were reviewed retrospectively, while the records of 41 patients diagnosed with obstructive rectosigmoid cancer (ORC) were considered as the control group and as such, served as a source for comparison.

Results: The analysis revealed a mean serum potassium concentration of 3.

Serum sodium levels in sigmoid volvulus.

Objective: Sigmoid volvulus (SV) is an uncommon type of large bowel obstruction. This study sought to determine serum sodium concentrations in patients with SV.

Materials And Methods: The records of 89 patients with SV and 40 patients with obstructive rectosigmoid cancer (ORC) were reviewed retrospectively.

Prevention of reperfusion injury of the spinal cord in aortic surgery: an experimental study.

Purpose: We designed an experimental study to show the effects of some agents in order to prevent reperfusion injury of the spinal cord.

Methods: Twenty rabbits were used and were divided into two groups in our study. Infrarenal abdominal aortic occlusion, between renal arteries and iliac bifurcations, was applied to the subjects in group 1 for only 30 min; in the group 2 subjects, on the other hand, intra-aortic diltiazem, N-acetylcysteine, and catalase combinations were applied after infrarenal abdominal aortic occlusion.

Effects of some boron compounds on peripheral human blood.

Peripheral blood cultures were exposed to various doses (5 to 500 mg/L) of boron compounds. Sister-chromatid exchange, micronucleus and chromosomal aberration tests were applied to estimate the DNA damage, and biochemical parameters (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, total glutathione, malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity) were examined to determine oxidative stress. According to our findings, various boron compounds at low doses were useful in supporting antioxidant enzyme activities in human blood cultures.

Indirect role of alpha2-adrenoreceptors in anti-ulcer effect mechanism of nimesulide in rats.

Nimesulide, a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug, produces ulcerogenic effects in adrenalectomized rats but is gastro-protective in intact rats. The objective of this study was to determine whether adrenal gland hormones are involved in the anti-ulcer effects of nimesulide. The results revealed that 100 mg/kg nimesulide produces gastric ulceration in adrenalectomized rats, which is prevented by prednisolone and adrenaline.

Effects of ascorbic Acid, alpha-tocopherol and allopurinol on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbit skeletal muscle: an experimental study.

Purpose: Ischemia reperfusion injury to skeletal muscle, following an acute arterial occlusion is important cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the effects of ascorbic acide, alpha-tocopherol and allopurinol on ischemia reperfusion injury in rabbit skeletal muscle.

Methods: Forty-eight New Zealand white rabbits, all male, weighing between 2.

The effect of shock wave lithotripsy on nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels in plasma and urine samples.

Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is accepted as the first treatment choice for most urinary stones, but it has adverse effects on the kidneys. The mechanisms underlying shock wave-induced renal injury have been discussed and include shear stress, thermal and cavitation effects and free radical formation. We investigated the effects of SWL on plasma and urinary nitrite, a stable metabolite of nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations.

Biochemical response to colloidal bismuth subcitrate: dose-time effect.

In the present study, an investigation was undertaken to assess the efficacy on serum enzymes of colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS). CBS was administered with injections to male rats in 100-, 200-, 400-, 500-, and 1000-microg/L doses of bismuth. Rats were anesthetized at different intervals (24, 48, and 72 h) after CBS injections.

Plasma homocysteine level and the angiographic extent of coronary artery disease.

Recent epidemiologic studies have shown that moderately elevated plasma homocysteine concentrations are associated with an increased risk for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. But, it is not known whether moderate hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with the angiographic extent of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A possible relationship was investigated between admission plasma homocysteine level and the angiographic extent of coronary artery disease in patients with CAD.

Endurance training attenuates exercise-induced oxidative stress in erythrocytes in rat.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether endurance training reduces exercise-induced oxidative stress in erythrocytes. Male rats (n=54) were divided into trained (n=28) and untrained (n=26) groups. Both groups were further divided equally into two groups where the rats were studied at rest and immediately after exhaustive exercise.

Alterations of fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membrane in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the erythrocyte membrane fatty acid components and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The study was performed in 40 patients. Thirty of the 40 were type 2 diabetic patients classified into three groups according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Group (ETDRS) criteria: 10 with mild-moderate nonproliferative retinopathy (group 1), 10 with moderate-severe nonproliferative retinopathy (group 2), and 10 with proliferative retinopathy (group 3).

An evaluation of histomorphometric properties of coronary arteries, saphenous vein, and various arterial conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting.

Purpose: We evaluated the histomorphological properties of the coronary arteries, saphenous vein, and five arterial conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting, and compared them with each other.

Methods: All vessels were harvested from seven cadavers, eight autopsied individuals, and 14 patients. The length, lumen diameter, wall thickness, and histological structures were examined based on samples obtained from the coronary arteries and the conduits.

Beneficial effects of Hippophae rhamnoides L. on nicotine induced oxidative stress in rat blood compared with vitamin E.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Hippophae rhamnoides L. extract (HRe-1) and also vitamin E as a positive control on nicotine-induced oxidative stress in rat blood, specifically alterations in erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) level, activities of some erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes, and plasma vitamin E and A levels. The groups were: nicotine (0.

The effect of corticosteroids on serum and cerebrospinal fluid nitric oxide levels in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is a disease characterized by perivascular infiltrates and demyelination of the white matter in the central nervous system. In this study, we compared the serum and cerebrospinal fluid nitric oxide levels before and after methylprednisolone therapy, and during remission period, and investigated the relationship of nitric oxide to the activity of multiple sclerosis. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum nitric oxide levels were measured blind as nitrite plus nitrate, using the nitrate reductase and Griess reaction method in 20 patients with multiple sclerosis before and after corticosteroid therapy, and during remission period, and in 20 control subjects.