Publications by authors named "Sainsbury A"

Prior meta-analyses have suggested a protective link between smoking and knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but they relied on aggregate data, potentially obscuring the true relationship. To address this limitation, we conducted an Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analysis using data from three large cohorts: the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST), and the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) study. Participants from 16 centers in the USA and Netherlands were categorized as current, former, or never smokers.

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Background/objectives: While weight loss is recommended for managing hip osteoarthritis (OA), most evidence comes from knee OA studies, limiting its applicability to hip OA. This study addresses this gap by examining the effects of weight loss on hip OA symptoms.

Design And Setting: A retrospective audit of routinely collected healthcare data from participants enrolled in the Osteoarthritis Healthy Weight for Life (OAHWFL) program, designed for individuals with knee or hip OA.

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Objective: This trial aimed to compare three low-energy diets (LEDs) with different amounts of carbohydrates (CHO) on ketosis and changes in hunger feelings in adults with obesity.

Methods: A total of 101 adults (51 female) with obesity (BMI, mean [SEM], 34.7 [0.

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Between the years 2022 and 2023, 62 red kite () nestlings were translocated from England to Spain to bolster declining populations in mainland Europe as part of a wider conservation initiative. Health examinations were undertaken by veterinarians ahead of translocation, including examination of hematology and biochemistry parameters from blood samples. This study aimed to establish reference values for these parameters in nestling red kites for use in future translocations or for other clinical purposes.

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Background: Studies examining the joint associations of lifestyle exposures can reveal novel synergistic and joint effects, but no study has examined the joint association of diet and physical activity (PA) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension. The aim of this study is to examine the joint associations of PA and diet with incidence of type T2D and hypertension, as a combined outcome and separately in a large sample of UK adults.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 144,288 UK Biobank participants aged 40-69.

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The hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) population in the UK continues to decline due to habitat loss, despite reintroductions of captive-bred individuals being conducted nationally for over 30 years. Disease surveillance of captive-bred and wild dormice is performed to identify novel and existing disease threats which could impact populations. In this study, we firstly investigated cause of death in seven hazel dormice found dead in England, through next-generation sequencing identifying a virus closely related to a wood mouse encephalomyocarditis virus-2 (EMCV-2).

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Patagial wing tags are commonly used for identification of Red Kites (Milvus milvus) for postrelease monitoring, as they are easy to apply, affordable, permanent, and are apparently safe. The Red Kite was successfully reintroduced in the UK in the second half of the 20th century and postrelease health surveillance has been achieved through radio and satellite tracking, monitoring nest sites, and pathologic investigation of Red Kites found dead. This study reports on pathologic findings associated with the use of patagial wing tags in three of 142 (2.

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This study examines the long-term impact of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the progression of symptoms and structural deterioration of the joint in knee osteoarthritis. The study analyzes data from 4197 participants (8394 knees) across the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST), and Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) over 4-to-5 years. Adjustments were made for major covariates.

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Objective: Our aim was to define the association of weight change (weight loss or weight gain) with the incidence and progression of hand osteoarthritis (OA), assessed either by radiography or by pain, using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Methods: Among the 4,796 participants, we selected 4,598 participants, excluding those with cancer or rheumatoid arthritis or a body mass index under 18.5 kg/m.

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Objectives: To determine if an end-stage knee osteoarthritis (esKOA) measure, based on symptomatic and radiographic criteria, can indicate progression to severe KOA earlier and with fewer research participants than total knee replacement (TKR). We employed both interventional and observational study designs as examples to estimate the required sample sizes. EsKOA in a knee was declared if either of the following two conditions were met: 1) moderate, intense, or severe symptoms of KOA indicated by pain and disability measurement and severe KOA indicated by radiographically-assessed knee structure; 2) intense or severe symptoms of KOA indicated by pain and disability measurement and frequent knee pain with mild or moderate KOA as indicated by radiographically-assessed knee structure.

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Objectives: This systematic review aimed to compare the weight change in people with or without binge eating who underwent various weight loss treatments.

Methods: We searched for studies in PubMed, American Psychological Association, and Embase from inception to January 2022. The studies selected included assessment of binge eating and body weight before and after weight loss treatment in people of any age.

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The Eating Disorders In weight-related Therapy (EDIT) Collaboration brings together data from randomised controlled trials of behavioural weight management interventions to identify individual participant risk factors and intervention strategies that contribute to eating disorder risk. We present a protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis which aims to identify participants at risk of developing eating disorders, or related symptoms, during or after weight management interventions conducted in adolescents or adults with overweight or obesity. We systematically searched four databases up to March 2022 and clinical trials registries to May 2022 to identify randomised controlled trials of weight management interventions conducted in adolescents or adults with overweight or obesity that measured eating disorder risk at pre- and post-intervention or follow-up.

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Introduction: Very low energy diets (VLEDs) effectively induce substantial weight loss in people with obesity, yet they are rarely used as a first line treatment. There is a belief that such diets do not teach the lifestyle behavior changes needed for long-term weight maintenance. However, little is known about the lived experiences of people who have lost weight on a VLED in the long term.

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Background: Rheumatology researchers often categorize continuous predictor variables. We aimed to show how this practice may alter results from observational studies in rheumatology.

Methods: We conducted and compared the results of two analyses of the association between our predictor variable (percentage change in body mass index [BMI] from baseline to four years) and two outcome variable domains of structure and pain in knee and hip osteoarthritis.

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Objective: Most guidelines recommending weight loss for hip osteoarthritis are based on research on knee osteoarthritis. Prior studies found no association between weight loss and hip osteoarthritis, but no previous studies have targeted older adults. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether there is any clear benefit of weight loss for radiographic hip osteoarthritis in older adults because weight loss is associated with health risks in older adults.

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The cornerstone of obesity treatment is behavioural weight management, resulting in significant improvements in cardio-metabolic and psychosocial health. However, there is ongoing concern that dietary interventions used for weight management may precipitate the development of eating disorders. Systematic reviews demonstrate that, while for most participants medically supervised obesity treatment improves risk scores related to eating disorders, a subset of people who undergo obesity treatment may have poor outcomes for eating disorders.

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Background: Sleep problems are known to compound the negative effects of other health issues, such as eating disorders and the associated behavior of binge eating. Previous studies suggested associations between binge eating and sleep problems, but the strength of the relationship is unknown.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review with meta-analyses examining the relationship between binge eating and sleep parameters.

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Objective: To define the association between change in body mass index (BMI) and the incidence and progression of structural defects of hip osteoarthritis as assessed by radiography.

Methods: We used data from 2 independent cohort studies: the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) and the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) study. Our exposure was change in BMI from baseline to 4-5 years' follow-up.

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Objective: To define the association between change in body mass index (BMI) and the risk of knee and hip replacement.

Methods: We used data from 3 independent cohort studies: the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST), and the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) study, which collected data from adults (45-79 years of age) with or at risk of clinically significant knee osteoarthritis. We conducted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis with clustering of both knees and hips per person to determine the association between change in BMI (our exposure of interest) and the incidence of primary knee and hip replacement over 7-10 years' follow-up.

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This systematic review with meta-analyses assessed the effects of total diet replacement (TDR) programs on mental well-being in clinical trial participants with a body mass index greater than or equal to 25 kg/m . TDR programs involve replacing all dietary requirements with nutritionally replete formula foods and are generally administered to induce rapid weight loss. To date, it is largely unclear what effects TDR programs may have on mental well-being, particularly in the long-term.

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Objective: To define the association between change in body mass index (BMI) and the incidence and progression of the structural defects of knee osteoarthritis as assessed by radiography.

Methods: Radiographic analyses of knees at baseline and at 4-5 years of follow-up were obtained from the following 3 independent cohort studies: the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) study, the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST), and the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) study. Logistic regression analyses using generalized estimating equations, with clustering of both knees within individuals, were used to investigate the association between change in BMI from baseline to 4-5 years of follow-up and the incidence and progression of knee osteoarthritis.

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Background: Bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED) are eating disorders (EDs) characterized by recurrent binge eating. They are associated with medical complications, impaired adaptive function and often a high BMI, for which a multidisciplinary treatment approach may be needed. This study explored the efficacy of a novel intervention integrating Cognitive Behavioural Therapy- Enhanced (CBT-E) and weight management for people with recurrent binge eating episodes and high BMI with respect to physical, psychopathological and quality of life outcomes.

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Introduction: Overweight and obesity are the leading contributors to non-fatal burden of disease in Australia. Very low energy diets (VLEDs) comprising of meal replacement products (MRP) effectively induce substantial weight loss in people with obesity, yet they are rarely used as a first line treatment. Dietitians in private practice are perfectly placed to administer treatments for obesity; however, little is known about the preferred interventions used or their attitudes to incorporating VLEDs and MRPs into their treatments for overweight and obesity.

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Background: An under-explored strategy for increasing physical activity is the dietary treatment of obesity, but empirical evidence is lacking.

Objectives: We aimed to compare the effects of weight loss via severe as opposed to moderate energy restriction on physical activity over 36 mo.

Methods: A total of 101 postmenopausal female adults (45-65 y, BMI 30-40 kg/m2, <180 min/wk of structured exercise) were randomly assigned to either 12 mo of moderate energy restriction (25%-35% of energy requirement) with a food-based diet, or a severe intervention involving 4 mo of severe energy restriction (65%-75% of energy requirement) with a total meal replacement diet, followed by 8 mo of moderate energy restriction.

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Objective: To describe the association between body weight change and the risk of knee replacement and hip replacement.

Design: Time-to-event survival analysis from a population-based cohort of participants who had or were at risk of clinically significant knee osteoarthritis at baseline.

Setting: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), which collected data from four clinical centres in the United States.

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