Gut microbiome signatures associated with type 2 diabetes in obesity in Mongolia.

Mongolian people possess a unique dietary habit characterized by high consumption of meat and dairy products and fewer vegetables, resulting in the highest obesity rate in East Asia. Although obesity is a known cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D), the T2D rate is moderate in this population; this is known as the "Mongolian paradox." Since the gut microbiota plays a key role in energy and metabolic homeostasis as an interface between food and body, we investigated gut microbial factors involved in the prevention of the co-occurrence of T2D with obesity in Mongolians.