Large Single Crystals of Two-Dimensional π-Conjugated Metal-Organic Frameworks via Biphasic Solution-Solid Growth.

Two-dimensional (2D) π-conjugated metal-organic frameworks (πMOFs) are a new class of designer electronic materials that are porous and tunable through the constituent organic molecules and choice of metal ions. Unlike typical MOFs, 2D πMOFs exhibit high conductivity mediated by delocalized π-electrons and have promising applications in a range of electrical devices as well as exotic physical properties. Here, we develop a growth method that generates single-crystal plates with lateral dimensions exceeding 10 μm, orders of magnitude bigger than previous methods.

Magnetic Domain Wall Based Synaptic and Activation Function Generator for Neuromorphic Accelerators.

Magnetic domain walls are information tokens in both logic and memory devices and hold particular interest in applications such as neuromorphic accelerators that combine logic in memory. Here, we show that devices based on the electrical manipulation of magnetic domain walls are capable of implementing linear, as well as programmable nonlinear, functions. Unlike other approaches, domain-wall-based devices are ideal for application to both synaptic weight generators and thresholding in deep neural networks.

Mutual control of coherent spin waves and magnetic domain walls in a magnonic device.

The successful implementation of spin-wave devices requires efficient modulation of spin-wave propagation. Using cobalt/nickel multilayer films, we experimentally demonstrate that nanometer-wide magnetic domain walls can be applied to manipulate the phase and magnitude of coherent spin waves in a nonvolatile manner. We further show that a spin wave can, in turn, be used to change the position of magnetic domain walls by means of the spin-transfer torque effect generated from magnon spin current.

Current-Induced Domain Wall Motion in a Compensated Ferrimagnet.

Owing to the difficulty in detecting and manipulating the magnetic states of antiferromagnetic materials, studying their switching dynamics using electrical methods remains a challenging task. By employing heavy-metal-rare-earth-transition-metal alloy bilayers, we experimentally study current-induced domain wall dynamics in an antiferromagnetically coupled system. We show that the current-induced domain wall mobility reaches a maximum at the angular momentum compensation point.

Room-Temperature Spin-Orbit Torque Switching Induced by a Topological Insulator.

The strongly spin-momentum coupled electronic states in topological insulators (TI) have been extensively pursued to realize efficient magnetic switching. However, previous studies show a large discrepancy of the charge-spin conversion efficiency. Moreover, current-induced magnetic switching with TI can only be observed at cryogenic temperatures.

The Spatial Resolution Limit for an Individual Domain Wall in Magnetic Nanowires.

Magnetic nanowires are the foundation of several promising nonvolatile computing devices, most notably magnetic racetrack memory and domain wall logic. Here, we determine the analog information capacity in these technologies, analyzing a magnetic nanowire containing a single domain wall. Although wires can be deliberately patterned with notches to define discrete positions for domain walls, the line edge roughness of the wire can also trap domain walls at dimensions below the resolution of the fabrication process, determining the fundamental resolution limit for the placement of a domain wall.

Obstetric factors for unsuccessful trial of labor in second-order birth following previous cesarean.

Background And Objectives: The trial of labor after previous cesarean (TOLAC) is an important strategy to limit repeat cesarean sections and their complications. An unsuccessful TOLAC leads to maternal and neonatal morbidities. The success or failure of TOLAC after the first cesarean is determinant for the subsequent vaginal birth.

Severe obstetric morbidity and its outcome in patients presenting in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi.

Objective: To determine the frequency, types (disease states) and outcome of severe obstetric morbidity in patients presenting at a public-sector tertiary care hospital.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit II, Civil Hospital, Karachi, from April to September 2010. Consecutive cases of severe obstetric morbidity (near-miss), as defined by specific criteria, presenting in emergency were included.

Perinatal outcome and near-miss morbidity between placenta previa versus abruptio placentae.

Objective: To compare perinatal outcome and near-miss morbidities between placenta previa versus abruptio placentae in patients of antepartum haemorrhage (APH).

Study Design: Cross-sectional, analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Gynaecology Unit II, Civil Hospital, Karachi, from August 2007 to July 2009.