Low frequency attenuation of acoustic waves in a perforated pipe.

This paper presents new experimental and numerical evidence that perforations in a pipe wall result in a low-frequency bandgap within which sound waves rapidly attenuate. These perforations are modelled as an acoustically soft boundary condition on the pipe wall and show that a low frequency bandgap is created from 0 Hz. The upper bound of this bandgap is determined by the dimensions and separation of the perforations.

Application of Plackett-Burman design for screening of factors affecting pitavastatin nanoparticle formulation development.

Introduction: Nanoparticle formulation of pitavastatin calcium is a potential alternative to solve the solubility related problem. However, the formulation of nanoparticle involves various parameters that affect product quality. Plackett-Burman design could facilitate an economical experimental plan that focuses on determining the relative significance of many.

Platelet Augmentation Potential of Polyherbal Formulation in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Thrombocytopenia in Wistar Rats.

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of thrombocytes, also known as platelets, in the blood. Several medicinal plants possess curative and protective effect against thrombocytopenia associated with diseases or drugs.

Aim: In the present study, we have investigated the platelet augmentation activity of polyherbal formulation (VITA PLAT Capsule) in cyclophosphamide-induced thrombocytopenic rat model.

Antimalarial Phytochemicals Identification from against Plasmepsin Protease: an Approach.

Background: Aspartic protease found in plasmodium parasites such as plasmepsin I, II and IV plays an important role in the degradation of hemoglobin. The studies have shown that effective drug must be able to inhibit more than one type of plasmepsin to avoid further growth of parasites and to prevent resistance of drug. Therefore, plasmepsins are believed to be excellent drug target for malarial disease.

Discovery of Novel Phytoconstituents of as a Mitotic Spindle Kinase Inhibitor.

Background: Despite many successes in the discovery of numerous cancer chemotherapeutic agents from natural sources, some of the moieties were dropped because of its inefficiency or serious toxicity. Mitosis is an ordered series of fundamentally mechanical events in which identical copies of the genome are moved to two discrete locations within the dividing cell. The crucial role of the mitotic spindle in cell division has identified, which is an important target in cancer chemotherapy.

Oral bioavailability enhancement of raloxifene by developing microemulsion using D-optimal mixture design: optimization and in-vivo pharmacokinetic study.

The objective of this work was to utilize a potential of microemulsion for the improvement in oral bioavailability of raloxifene hydrochloride, a BCS class-II drug with 2% bioavailability. Drug-loaded microemulsion was prepared by water titration method using Capmul MCM C8, Tween 20, and Polyethylene glycol 400 as oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant respectively. The pseudo-ternary phase diagram was constructed between oil and surfactants mixture to obtain appropriate components and their concentration ranges that result in large existence area of microemulsion.

Protective effect of simvastatin and rosuvastatin on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats.

Objective: Statins have anti-inflammatory effects that are not directly related to their cholesterol lowering activity. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of simvastatin or rosuvastatin on the extent of colonic mucosal damage and on the inflammatory response in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced ulcerative colitis.

Materials And Methods: Ulcerative colitis was induced by single intrarectal injection of 120 mg/kg TNBS.

Predicting combined sewer overflows chamber depth using artificial neural networks with rainfall radar data.

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) represent a common feature in combined urban drainage systems and are used to discharge excess water to the environment during heavy storms. To better understand the performance of CSOs, the UK water industry has installed a large number of monitoring systems that provide data for these assets. This paper presents research into the prediction of the hydraulic performance of CSOs using artificial neural networks (ANN) as an alternative to hydraulic models.

Amelioration of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by statins.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of simvastatin (SIM) and rosuvastatin (RST) on cisplatin (CIS)-induced nephrotoxicity.

Materials And Methods: Adult female Wistar rats were divided into six groups: control group (Group 1) received 0.5% sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, group 2 and group 3 received SIM and RST for 10 days, respectively, and group 4 was injected single dose of CIS (7 mg/kg, i.

Experimental and numerical investigation of interactions between above and below ground drainage systems.

This paper presents the results of the experimental and numerical investigation of interactions between surface flood flow in urban areas and the flow in below ground drainage systems (sewer pipes and manholes). An experimental rig has been set up at the Water Engineering Laboratory at the University of Sheffield. It consists of a full scale gully structure with inlet grating, which connects the 8 m(2) surface area with the pipe underneath that can function as an outfall and is also further connected to a tank so that it can come under surcharging conditions and cause outflow from the gully.