Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Tethered to Cardiovascular Diseases.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term that incorporated a group of conditions that affect the blood vessels and the heart. CVD is a foremost cause of fatalities around the world. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms are involved in CVD; however, oxidative stress plays a vital role in generating reactive oxygen species (ROS).

NOS3 gene intron 4 a/b polymorphism is associated with ESRD in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients.

Introduction: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes have been implicated in renal hemodynamics as potent regulators of vascular tone and blood pressure. It has been linked to a reduction in plasma nitric oxide levels. Several studies have recently been conducted to investigate the role of NOS3 gene polymorphisms and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Association Between 1958G > A Variant and non-Syndromic Cleft lip and Palate: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) is one of the most common and challenging congenital deformities worldwide. Previous research has linked the methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase1 (MTHFD1) gene to orofacial cleft (OFC) susceptibility via a complex metabolism. Studies analyzing the 1958G > A variant and NSCLP are contradictory.

Meta-Analysis on the Association of Neuropeptide Y rs16139 Variant With the Risk of Alcoholism.

The neuropeptide-Y (NPY) is involved in the development of alcoholism through NPY receptors. A T>C mutation causes substitution of leucine to proline at codon 7 (L7P; rs16139) in the signal peptide of neuropeptide Y is known to cause a 42% increase in plasma NPY levels. Studies that analyzed the association between rs16139 and alcoholism risk did not demonstrate conclusive evidence for this relationship.

Interleukin-6 gene -174G>C promoter polymorphism reduces the risk of periodontitis in Brazilian populations: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: Periodontitis is a multifactorial host-mediated oral disease caused by microbes. Previous studies suggested that interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene promoter polymorphism (-174G > C) are associated with the risk of periodontitis, although the results were inconclusive. This study investigated the association between IL-6 -174G > C polymorphism and susceptibility to periodontitis.

A Retrospective Look at Anti-EGFR Agents in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.

Background: The introduction of Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) and small-molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) that target the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), marks a huge step forward in the Pancreatic Cancer (PC) therapy. However, anti-EGFR therapy is found to be successful only in a fraction of patients. Although anti-EGFR agents have shown considerable clinical promise, a serious adverse event associated with anti- EGFR therapy has been challenging.

Nanoparticles in Pancreatic Cancer Imaging and Therapy.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in both men and women. Because most PC patients are initially diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease, effective diagnostic tests for earlier diagnosis of PC are needed. Several studies have investigated the utility of nanoparticle for both diagnosis and therapy of PC.

Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and pancreatic cancer-Trials and troubles.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive carcinoma and the fourth cause of cancer deaths in Western countries. Although surgery is the most effective therapeutic option for PC, the management of unresectable, locally advanced disease is highly challenging. Our improved understanding of pancreatic tumor biology and associated pathways has led to the development of various treatment modalities that can control the metastatic spread of PC.

Pain Management Issues as Part of the Comprehensive Care of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease.

Background: Vaso-occlusive pain crisis is one of the primary complications of sickle cell disease (SCD) and is responsible for the majority of hospital visits in patients with SCD. Stints of severe pain can last for hours to days and are difficult to treat and manage, often resulting in drastically reduced quality of life.

Purpose: Our purpose is to provide an overview of pain management issues in SCD populations.

CBS c.844ins68 Polymorphism Frequencies in Control Populations: Implications on Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate.

Introduction: Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) is a common birth defect with substantial clinical and social impact. Folate deficiency is one of the factors that have been associated with increased risk for NSCLP. Polymorphisms in folate and homocysteine pathway genes may act as susceptibility factors.

NAT2 genetic variations among South Indian populations.

The N-acetyltransferases (NATs) are xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes involved in the metabolism of drugs, environmental toxins and the aromatic amine carcinogens present in cigarette smoke. Genetic variations in NAT2 have long been recognized as the cause of variable enzymatic activity or stability, leading to slow or rapid acetylation. In the present study, we genotyped three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the NAT2 gene (rs1799929, rs1799930 and rs1799931), using TaqMan allelic discrimination, among 212 individuals from six major South Indian populations and compared the results with other available Indian and worldwide data.

Functional PstI/RsaI polymorphisms in the CYP2E1 gene among south Indian populations.

Human cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) is a well-conserved xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme expressed in liver, kidney, nasal mucosa, brain, lung, and other tissues. CYP2E1 is inducible by ethanol, acetone, and other low-molecular weight substrates and may mediate development of chemically-mediated cancers. CYP2E1 polymorphisms alter the transcriptional activity of the gene.