What activities reduce plastic waste the most? - The path to a circular economy for Japan's manufacturing industry.

In recent years, plastic waste has received increasing attention, though most studies on it have investigated only household plastic waste. In Japan, the amount of household plastic waste is approximately equal to that generated by the manufacturing process in Japan. Therefore, we focus on the change in plastic waste emissions from manufacturing from 2004 to 2018.

Population Structure, Admixture, and Migration Patterns of Japanese Sika Deer () Inhabiting Toyama Prefecture in Japan.

Rapid expansion of sika deer, in both number and distribution, in the Japanese Archipelago has resulted in serious ecological disturbance. In the present study, the population structure and migration patterns of sika deer () among Toyama and adjacent Prefectures were investigated using 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was detected in both total and individual regional sika deer samples from Toyama Prefecture.