The Prognostic Impact of Tumor Size and BRAF Mutational Status in Middle Eastern Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Purpose: Tumor size at diagnosis has been widely used as a major mortality risk factor in risk stratification of DTC. The current study was designed to analyze whether tumor size at diagnosis is a major prognostic factor in Middle Eastern DTC.

Methods: We conducted a comparative study of the relationship between tumor size at diagnosis and event free survival (EFS) with respect to BRAF status in 1709 consecutive patients treated surgically for DTC.

Evaluating the Influence of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis on Clinico-Pathological Characteristics and Prognostic Outcomes of Middle Eastern Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objective: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, represents the most prevalent autoimmune thyroid disorder globally. The potential influence of HT on the clinical and pathological attributes, as well as the clinical outcomes of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), remains a point of ongoing debate within the medical community. The central focus of this study was to analyze the influence of HT on clinico-pathological characteristics and its prognostic impact in a large cohort of DTC from Middle Eastern ethnicity.

Radioactive iodine refractoriness in Middle Eastern differentiated thyroid cancer: clinical outcome and risk factor analysis.

Background: Radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) has received increasing attention due to its poor prognosis. However, outcomes may vary among patients with RAIR-DTC. The role of clinico-pathological and molecular prognostic factors in survival remains controversial, resulting in difficulty in selecting patients for new targeted therapies.

The impact of nodule size on malignancy risk in indeterminate thyroid nodules.

Background: The association between malignancy risk and nodule size in indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs) remains controversial. Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of nodule size as a predictor of cancer in patients with ITNs.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed 113 patients who underwent surgical intervention for ITNs, comparing two groups based on nodule size (≥4 or <4 cm).

Predicting factors and clinical outcome of biochemical incomplete response in middle eastern differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was evaluate biochemical incomplete response (BIR) in Middle Eastern differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), identify factors that could predict BIR before radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation and to investigate the long-term clinical outcome of DTC patient exhibiting BIR to initial therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 1286 DTCs from Middle Eastern ethnicity who underwent total thyroidectomy and RAI therapy. Demograpic and clinico-pathological factors predicting BIR were evaluated.

Recurrent Middle Eastern Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Has Worse Outcomes Than Persistent Disease.

Despite the excellent prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), recurrent and persistent disease remain major challenges. Emerging studies to differentiate between recurrent and persistent disease are controversial, with studies from the Middle East lacking. We retrospectively analyzed 1691 patients who underwent surgery ± I131 treatment for DTC, with a median age of 38.

Is the nodule location a predictive risk factor for cancer in AUS/FLUS thyroid nodules? A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) is a heterogeneous category of thyroid nodules with uncertain cytology and controversial management. This study aimed to assess the association between nodule location and malignancy risk and whether the location can be used as a predictive risk factor for cancer in AUS/FLUS nodules.

Methods: A cohort of 102 patients (79 [77.

PLK1 and FoxM1 expressions positively correlate in papillary thyroid carcinoma and their combined inhibition results in synergistic anti-tumor effects.

Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; also known as serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1) serves as a central player in cell proliferation, exerting critical regulatory roles in mitotic processes and cell survival. We conducted an analysis of PLK1 protein expression in a large cohort of samples from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients and examined its functional significance in PTC cell lines, both in vitro and in vivo. PLK1 overexpression was noted in 54.

Loss of CDH16 expression is a strong independent predictor for lymph node metastasis in Middle Eastern papillary thyroid cancer.

Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The membrane-associated glycoprotein cadherin-16 (CDH16) plays a significant role in the embryonal development of thyroid follicles and cell adhesion. Previous studies have indicated a substantial downregulation of CDH16 in PTC.

Predictive risk factors for distant metastasis in pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer from Saudi Arabia.

Background: Despite their excellent prognosis, children and young adults (CAYA) with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) tend to have more frequent occurrence of distant metastasis (DM) compared to adult DTC. Data about DM in CAYA from Middle Eastern ethnicity is limited.

Methods: Medical records of 170 patients with DTC ≤18 years were retrospectively reviewed.

Weighty Matters: The Obesity-Thyroid Nodule Connection Unveiling the Impact of Obesity on Thyroid Cancer Risk.

The effect of obesity on the development/progression of thyroid nodules with uncertain cytology is unknown. Therefore, our objective was to assess the role of body mass index (BMI) in predicting malignancy in patients with atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) nodules. We retrospectively analyzed 113 patients with available BMI data and final histopathology of benign or differentiated thyroid cancer.

Whole Exome-Wide Association Identifies Rare Variants in Associated with Middle Eastern Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Risk.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the commonest thyroid cancer. The majority of inherited causes of PTC remain elusive. However, understanding the genetic underpinnings and origins remains a challenging endeavor.

The impact of thyroid imaging reporting and data system on the management of Bethesda III thyroid nodules.

Objectives: Atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) or follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS) is a heterogeneous category of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC); the management of this condition remains controversial. The clinical significance of such patients relies on the exclusion of malignancy. In this study, we aimed to determine the validity of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) (2017) for predicting malignancy in this specific category of patients.

Overexpression of the pro-protein convertase furin predicts prognosis and promotes papillary thyroid carcinoma progression and metastasis through RAF/MEK signaling.

Furin belongs to the pro-protein convertases (PCs) family and its aberrant expression has been documented in various types of cancers; however, its role in thyroid cancer remains unclear. We investigated the expression of furin in a large cohort of Middle Eastern papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patient samples and explored its functional role and mechanism in PTC cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Furin overexpression was observed in 44.

Bilateral multifocality is an independent predictor of patients' outcome in Middle Eastern papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Tumor multifocality is frequently seen in Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, few studies have analysed the impact of bilateral multifocality in PTC. The incidence of bilateral multifocality, its clinico-pathological associations and prognostic impact in PTC from Middle Eastern ethnicity remains unestablished.

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) predicts disease-free survival in mutant papillary thyroid carcinoma in middle eastern patients.

Background: X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is the most potent caspase inhibitory IAP family member and its over-expression is implicated in aggressive behavior of various solid tumors, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). mutation is the most common oncogenic event in PTC and is also known to be associated with aggressive clinico-pathological characteristics. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of XIAP expression in more than 1600 PTCs from Middle Eastern ethnicity and its prognostic value to predict disease-free survival (DFS), in combination with the mutation.

Tumor size is an independent negative prognostic factor for event free survival in children with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Background: The incidence of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is increasing. Despite the advanced disease at presentation, the overall prognosis of DTC in children is excellent. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk stratifying factors for event free survival (EFS) of pediatric DTC from Middle Eastern ethnicity.

Risk Factors for Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Middle Eastern Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma.

Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) typically has an indolent course and excellent prognosis. Nonetheless, a subset of PTMC carries a risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and local recurrence. PTC from the Middle Eastern population is unique with respect to demographic and clinico-pathological characteristics as compared to other ethnicities of the world.

Promoter Mutations Are an Independent Predictor of Distant Metastasis in Middle Eastern Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma.

Background: Papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) have been attributed to the recent increased incidence of thyroid cancer. Although indolent, a subset of PTMC could potentially develop distant metastasis (DM). This study aimed to evaluate the clinico-pathological features and molecular characteristics of PTMC and identify the risk factors for DM in PTMC patients from Middle Eastern ethnicity.

Male Sex Is an Independent Predictor of Recurrence-Free Survival in Middle Eastern Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Disparity between sexes with regard to incidence, disease aggressiveness, and prognosis has been documented in several cancers. Although various reports have documented the association between male sex and aggressive papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the prognostic impact of sex on PTC has been inconsistent. The role of sex in PTC aggressiveness and outcome in Middle Eastern PTC remains unknown.

APOBEC SBS13 Mutational Signature-A Novel Predictor of Radioactive Iodine Refractory Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Standard surgery followed by radioactive iodine (131I, RAI) therapy are not curative for 5−20% of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with RAI refractory disease. Early predictors indicating therapeutic response to RAI therapy in PTC are yet to be elucidated. Whole-exome sequencing was performed (at median depth 198x) on 66 RAI-refractory and 92 RAI-avid PTCs with patient-matched germline.

Risk Factors for Central Lymph Node Metastases and Benefit of Prophylactic Central Lymph Node Dissection in Middle Eastern Patients With cN0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Prophylactic central lymph node dissection (PCLND) for adult patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is still a matter of debate. Data on incidence, risk and benefits of PCLND in Middle Eastern patients is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to identify the incidence and predictive clinico-pathological and molecular marker of PCLND in adult patients with clinically node negative (cN0) Middle Eastern PTC.

Microscopic Extrathyroidal Extension Results in Increased Rate of Tumor Recurrence and Is an Independent Predictor of Patient's Outcome in Middle Eastern Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, with recurrence rate as high as 30%. A great deal of controversy surrounds the significance of microscopic extrathyroidal extension (m-ETE) as a prognostic factor. The most recent edition (8) of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system has removed m-ETE from the definition of pT3, which suggests that m-ETE may lack prognostic impact in PTC patients.

Loss of ZNF677 Expression Is an Independent Predictor for Distant Metastasis in Middle Eastern Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients.

Thyroid cancer incidence has increased in recent decades. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. Approximately 30% of PTC patients develop recurrence or distant metastasis and tend to have poor prognosis.

Recurrent Somatic Mutations in Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Colorectal Cancer.

is a dual specificity protein kinase that phosphorylates both threonine and tyrosine residues in . mutations have been identified in several cancers. However, their role in Middle Eastern papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) is lacking.