Comparative Assessment of Outcomes in Drug Treatment for Smoking Cessation and Role of Genetic Polymorphisms of Human Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits.

To investigate the effects of genetic polymorphisms of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits α3, α4 and α5, which are encoded by , genes, respectively, on nicotine addiction and outcomes of pharmacological treatments for smoking cessation. A total of 143 smokers and 130 non-smokers were included. Genotyping for polymorphisms was performed by PCR, flowed by RFLP.

Para-aminosalicylic acid significantly reduced tenofovir exposure in human subjects: Mismatched findings from in vitro to in vivo translational research.

Aims: Tenofovir and para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) may be coprescribed to treat patients with concomitant infections of human immunodeficiency virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. Both drugs are known to have remarkable renal uptake transporter-mediated clearance. Owing to the lack of clinical studies on drug-drug interaction between the 2 drugs, we conducted a translational clinical study to investigate the effect of PAS on tenofovir pharmacokinetics (PK).

Decreased Activity and Genetic Polymorphisms of CYP2C19 in Behçet's Disease.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are responsible for various drug metabolism reactions as well as those of endogenous substances which may be associated with autoimmune disease susceptibility. Recently, we reported that in patients with BD, CYP2C9 seems to be down-regulated due to inflammation.

Effects of Genetic Polymorphisms of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and MDR1 Transporter on Pantoprazole Metabolism and Helicobacter pylori Eradication.

Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that is commonly used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes CYP2C19 and CYP3A4. Pantoprazole is a substrate for multi-drug resistance protein 1 (MDR1). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP2C19, CYP3A4 and MDR1 affect enzyme activity or gene expression of proteins and may alter plasma pantoprazole concentrations and treatment success in PUD.

Lower CYP2C9 activity in Turkish patients with Behçet's disease compared to healthy subjects: a down-regulation due to inflammation?

Background: We previously reported on a Swedish patient with Behçet's disease (BD) who was an ultra-rapid metaboliser of drugs catalysed by CYP2C9. Was this extreme metabolism caused by the disease?

Aim: This study aims to compare the genotype/phenotype of CYP2C9 in patients with BD and healthy subjects. As the occurrence of BD is high in Turkey, all subjects were recruited from this country.

The effects of acute tension increase on rat esophageal muscle contractions: An in vitro study.

In long-gap esophageal atresia surgeries, anastomoses can be tensioned by several traction methods in order to establish esophageal continuity. It is unclear whether the etiology of esophageal dysmotility after traction is related with esophageal atresia itself or tensioned esophagus. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of acute in vitro esophageal tension application on esophageal muscle contractility in rats.