Safety and Effectiveness of Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Fasting during Ramadan: A Review.

This review evaluates the current evidence on the safety and efficacy of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) fasting during Ramadan. All studies included in the review were conducted in Asia and the Middle East. Overall, the evidence suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors are a safe and effective treatment option for most T2DM patients fasting during Ramadan.

Coronary computed tomography angiography in the evaluation of acute chest pain in patients with elevated high sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTn) level.

Aims CCTA is a well-established and safe imaging modality for the diagnosis of CAD and is gate keeping for invasive coronary angiography (ICA). We aimed to examine CCTA performance in patients presenting with ACP and dynamic hs-cTn elevation compatible with MI but not exceeding 7 folds of the URL. We also examined the performance of GRACE and PTP consortium scores in this population of patients.

Biomarker evidence for distal tubular damage but cortical sparing in hospitalized diabetic patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) while on SGLT2 inhibitors.

Background: Inhibitors of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2i) were found to improve renal outcome in diabetic patients in large prospective randomized trials. Yet, SGLT2i may acutely reduce kidney function through volume depletion, altered glomerular hemodynamics or intensified medullary hypoxia leading to acute tubular injury (ATI). The aim or this study was to prospectively assess the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients hospitalized while on SGLT2i, differing ATI from pre-renal causes using renal biomarkers.

Acute Renal Failure Following Near-Drowning.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury associated with near-drowning (ND-AKI) has rarely been reported and its incidence among survivors is unknown. A patient with AKI and urine biomarkers indicating tubular injury led us to assess the occurrence and clinical characteristics of ND-AKI and to evaluate possible causative mechanisms.

Methods: We evaluated medical records of patients rescued from near-drowning in the Mediterranean Sea and treated in a tertiary-level medical center during 2000 to 2017.