Multiple Introductions of Dengue 2 Virus Strains into Saudi Arabia from 1992 to 2014.

Introduction: Dengue is a significant arboviral infection that represents a major public health concern worldwide. The infection is endemic in most parts of South East Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America. Among the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes, DENV-2 has been reported to be the predominant serotype in Saudi Arabia since 1992.

Complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of dengue type 1 virus isolated from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Dengue viruses (DENVs) are mosquito-borne viruses which can cause disease ranging from mild fever to severe dengue infection. These viruses are endemic in several tropical and subtropical regions. Multiple outbreaks of DENV serotypes 1, 2 and 3 (DENV-1, DENV-2 and DENV-3) have been reported from the western region in Saudi Arabia since 1994.

Enzymatic changes and cytotoxic effects of Metarhizium anisopliae fungal extracts on the Egyptian cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis (SL 96) cell line.

The extra-and intra-cellular extracts of two Metarhizium anisopliae isolates: Ma23 and MR3, were introduced to a cell line of Spodoptera littoralis. The cell line (Sl96) was established in the Entomovirology centre from S. littoralis ovaries.