Effect of Hydrocortisone on Mortality and Organ Support in Patients With Severe COVID-19: The REMAP-CAP COVID-19 Corticosteroid Domain Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Evidence regarding corticosteroid use for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited.

Objective: To determine whether hydrocortisone improves outcome for patients with severe COVID-19.

Design, Setting, And Participants: An ongoing adaptive platform trial testing multiple interventions within multiple therapeutic domains, for example, antiviral agents, corticosteroids, or immunoglobulin.

Pregnancy-induced haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is an aggressive and life-threatening syndrome of excessive immune activation. It is associated with various aetiologies, including infections, collagen vascular diseases and malignancies. Pregnancy-induced immune dysregulation in genetically susceptible women may also play a critical role in haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Polyaniline/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite-Enhanced Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Activity for the Degradation of Organic Dyes.

Creation of an innovative composite photocatalyst, to advance its performance, has attracted researchers to the field of photocatalysis. In this article, a new photocatalyst based on polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide (PANI/RGO) composites has been prepared via the in situ oxidative polymerization method employing RGO as a template. For thermoelectric applications, though a higher percentage (50 wt %) of RGO has been used, for photocatalytic activity, lesser percentages (2, 5, and 8 wt %) of RGO in the composite have given a significant outcome.

Synthesis, characterization and enhanced thermoelectric performance of structurally ordered cable-like novel polyaniline-bismuth telluride nanocomposite.

Bismuth telluride (Bi₂Te₃) nanorods and polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles have been synthesized by employing solvothermal and chemical oxidative processes, respectively. Nanocomposites, comprising structurally ordered PANI preferentially grown along the surface of a Bi₂Te₃ nanorods template, are synthesized using in situ polymerization. X-ray powder diffraction, UV-vis and Raman spectral analysis confirm the highly ordered chain structure of PANI on Bi₂Te₃ nanorods, leading to a higher extent of doping, higher chain mobility and enhancement of the thermoelectric performance.

Ionic ingress and charge-neutralization phenomena of conducting-polymer films.

Ionic ingress and diffusion through a conducting-polymer (CP) film containing embedded charges under potential and concentration gradients is studied. Electroneutrality, a common assumption in modeling of similar systems, is not justified in this case or similar diffusion-limited processes, as the timescale of ionic diffusion in the solid matrix is quite large. Counter ions therefore cannot move instantaneously for effective neutralization of excess charges.

Nonlinear control of a multicomponent distillation process coupled with a binary distillation model as an EKF predictor.

The work is devoted to design the globally linearizing control (GLC) strategy for a multicomponent distillation process. The control system is comprised with a nonlinear transformer, a nonlinear closed-loop state estimator [extended Kalman filter (EKF)], and a linear external controller [conventional proportional integral (PI) controller]. The model of a binary distillation column has been used as a state predictor to avoid huge design complexity of the EKF estimator.

Globally linearized control on diabatic continuous stirred tank reactor: a case study.

This paper focuses on the promise of globally linearized control (GLC) structure in the realm of strongly nonlinear reactor system control. The proposed nonlinear control strategy is comprised of: (i) an input-output linearizing state feedback law (transformer), (ii) a state observer, and (iii) an external linear controller. The synthesis of discrete-time GLC controller for single-input single-output diabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (DCSTR) has been studied first, followed by the synthesis of feedforward/feedback controller for the same reactor having dead time in process as well as in disturbance.

Nonlinear model-based control algorithm for a distillation column using software sensor.

This paper presents the design of model-based globally linearizing control (GLC) structure for a distillation process within the differential geometric framework. The model of a nonideal binary distillation column, whose characteristics were highly nonlinear and strongly interactive, is used as a real process. The classical GLC law is comprised of a transformer (input-output linearizing state feedback), a nonlinear state observer, and an external PI controller.