4T1 Cell Membrane Biomimetic Nanovehicle for Enhanced Breast Cancer Treatment.

In this study, hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSN) coated with a 4T1 tumor cell membrane were used to construct biomimetic nanomaterials (DTX@CHMSN) for the treatment of breast cancer. The nanodrug can improve the water solubility of polyenetaxel (DTX) by taking advantage of the special structure, good biocompatibility, and adjustable surface chemical properties of HMSN. Hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles are coated with 4T1 cell membranes derived from homologous tumors (CHMSN).

Photoelectron Imaging Spectroscopic and Geometric Configuration and Chemical Bond Analysis of Rh(CN) ( = 1-3) Clusters.

We obtained the photoelectron spectra of Rh(CN) using the negative ion photoelectron velocity-map imaging (NI-PEVMI) technique and revealed the photodesorption process of Rh(CN). The vertical detachment energy (VDE) and adiabatic detachment energy (ADE) of Rh(CN) have both been experimentally reported to be 2.04 (3) eV.

Nanosized Porphyrin-Containing Covalent Organic Polymer to Enhance Ferroptosis in Photodynamic Treatment of Tumor Cells via Glutathione Depletion.

A porphyrin-containing nanoscale covalent organic polymer (COP) was fabricated from 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) and cystamine via an acylation reaction. On the one hand, TCPP can induce tumor cell death by laser irradiation. Due to the presence of disulfide bonds of cystamine which can react with glutathione, it exhibits depletion of glutathione and accumulation of peroxides in tumor cells.

Gut microbiota metabolite tyramine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance via increased Ca signaling.

The gut microbiota and their metabolites are closely linked to obesity-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, but their causal relationship and underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Here, we found that dysbiosis-induced tyramine (TA) suppresses high-fat diet (HFD)-mediated insulin resistance in both Drosophila and mice. In Drosophila, HFD increases cytosolic Ca signaling in enterocytes, which, in turn, suppresses intestinal lipid levels.

Hypothalamic POMC neuron-specific knockout of MC4R affects insulin sensitivity by regulating Kir2.1.

Background: Imbalance in energy regulation is a major cause of insulin resistance and diabetes. Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) signaling at specific sites in the central nervous system has synergistic but non-overlapping functions. However, the mechanism by which MC4R in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) region regulates energy balance and insulin resistance remains unclear.

Adipocyte-derived exosomal miR-22-3p modulated by circadian rhythm disruption regulates insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle cells.

Circadian rhythm disruption leads to dysregulation of lipid metabolism, which further drive the occurrence of insulin resistance (IR). Exosomes are natural carrier systems that advantageous for cell communication. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether and how the exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) in circulation participate in modulating skeletal muscle IR induced by circadian rhythm disruption.

Cr(VI)-bioremediation mechanism of a novel strain Bacillus paramycoides Cr6 with the powerful ability to remove Cr(VI) from contaminated water.

This research provided an excellent novel hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI))-removal bacterium, Bacillus paramycoides Cr6, and investigated its removal mechanism from the perspective of molecular biology. Cr6 could resist up to 2500 mg/L Cr(VI), and the removal rate of 2000 mg/L Cr(VI) reached 67.3% under the optimal culture conditions of 220 r/min, pH 8 and 31 ℃.

Component regulation in novel La-Co-O-C composite catalyst for boosted redox reactions and enhanced thermal stability in methane combustion.

A novel La-Co-O-C (LC-C) composites were prepared via a facile co-hydrothermal route with oxides and glycerol and further optimized for methane catalytic activity and thermal stability via component regulation. It was demonstrated that CoO phase was the main component in regulation. The combined results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature-programmed desorption of oxygen (O-TPD), temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H-TPR), temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia/carbon dioxide (NH/CO-TPD) revealed that component regulation led to more oxygen vacancies and exposure of surface Co, lower surface basicity and optimized acidity, which were beneficial for adsorption of active oxygen species and activation of methane molecules, resulting in the excellent catalytic oxidation performance.

The CRTC-CREB axis functions as a transcriptional sensor to protect against proteotoxic stress in Drosophila.

cAMP Responsible Element Binding Protein (CREB) is an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional factor that regulates cell growth, synaptic plasticity and so on. In this study, we unexpectedly found proteasome inhibitors, such as MLN2238, robustly increase CREB activity in adult flies through a large-scale compound screening. Mechanistically, reactive oxidative species (ROS) generated by proteasome inhibition are required and sufficient to promote CREB activity through c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).

Mifepristone (RU486) inhibits dietary lipid digestion by antagonizing the role of glucocorticoid receptor on lipase transcription.

Lipid digestion and absorption are tightly regulated to cope with metabolic demands among tissues. How these processes are coordinated is not well characterized. Here, we found that mifepristone (RU486) prevents lipid digestion both in flies and mice.

A gum Arabic assisted sustainable drug delivery system for adult .

Large-scale compound screening in adult flies is hampered by the lack of continuous drug delivery systems and poor solubility of numerous compounds. Here we found that gum Arabic (Acacia/Senegal gum), a widely used stabilizer, can also emulsify lipophilic compounds and profoundly increase their accessibility to target tissues in and mice. We further developed a gum Arabic-based drug delivery system, wherein the drug was ground into gum Arabic and emulsified in liquid food fed to flies by siphoning through a U-shape glass capillary.

Overexpression of pink1 or parkin in indirect flight muscles promotes mitochondrial proteostasis and extends lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster.

Dysfunctional mitochondria have been implicated in aging and age-related disorders such as Parkinson's diseases (PD). We previously showed that pink1 and parkin, two familial PD genes, function in a linear pathway to maintain mitochondrial integrity and function. Studies of mammalian cell lines also suggest that these genes regulate mitochondrial autophagy(mitophagy).

Preparation of tourmaline nano-particles through a hydrothermal process and its infrared emission properties.

Tourmaline nano-particles were successfully prepared via a hydrothermal process using HCl as an additive. The reaction temperature (T) and the concentration of HCI (C(HCl)) had effects on the size and morphology of the tourmaline nano-particles. The optimum reaction condition was that: T = 180 degrees C and C(HCl) = 0.