The dynamics of human bone marrow adipose tissue in response to feeding and fasting.

BACKGROUNDAdipocytes were long considered inert components of the bone marrow niche, but mouse and human models suggest bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is dynamic and responsive to hormonal and nutrient cues.METHODSIn this study of healthy volunteers, we investigated how BMAT responds to acute nutrient changes, including analyses of endocrine determinants and paracrine factors from marrow aspirates. Study participants underwent a 10-day high-calorie protocol, followed by a 10-day fast.

Sex and Race-Ethnic Disparities in Door-to-CT Time in Acute Ischemic Stroke: The Florida Stroke Registry.

Background Less than 40% of acute stroke patients have computed tomography (CT) imaging performed within 25 minutes of hospital arrival. We aimed to examine the race-ethnic and sex differences in door-to-CT (DTCT) ≤25 minutes in the FSR (Florida Stroke Registry). Methods and Results Data were collected from 2010 to 2018 for 63 265 patients with acute ischemic stroke from the FSR and secondary analysis was performed on 15 877 patients with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator-treated ischemic stroke.

Targeting Microglial Polarization to Improve TBI Outcomes.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is still the worldwide leading cause of mortality and morbidity in young adults. Improved safety measures and advances in critical care have increased chances of surviving a TBI, however, numerous secondary mechanisms contribute to the injury in the weeks and months that follow TBI. The past 4 decades of research have addressed many of the metabolic impairments sufficient to mitigate mortality, however, an enduring secondary mechanism, i.

Genotype-Phenotype Correlation for Predicting Cochlear Implant Outcome: Current Challenges and Opportunities.

The use and utility of cochlear implantation has rapidly increased in recent years as technological advances in the field have expanded both the efficacy and eligible patient population for implantation. This review aims to serve as a general overview of the most common hearing disorders that have favorable auditory outcomes with cochlear implants (CI). Hearing loss in children caused by congenital cytomegalovirus infection, syndromic conditions including Pendred Syndrome, and non-syndromic genetic conditions such as hearing impairment associated with mutations have shown to be successfully managed by CI.

Generalized granuloma annulare associated with essential thrombocythemia.

The only myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with generalized granuloma annulare (GA) is chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We present the first reported case of GA in a patient with essential thrombocythemia (ET). Future work investigating the shared pathophysiology of GA-associated CML and ET may improve our understanding of GA pathophysiology and treatment.

Role of microRNAs in inner ear development and hearing loss.

The etiology of hearing loss tends to be multi-factorial and affects a significant proportion of the global population. Despite the differences in etiology, a common physical pathological change that leads to hearing loss is damage to the mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play a role in inner ear development and thus, may play a role in the development or prevention of hearing loss.