The current socioeconomic and regulatory landscape of immune effector cell therapies.

Immune cell effector therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, T-cell receptor (TCR) T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and macrophage-based therapies, represent a transformative approach to cancer treatment, harnessing the immune system to target and eradicate malignant cells. CAR-T cell therapy, the most established among these, involves engineering T cells to express CARs specific to cancer cell antigens, showing remarkable efficacy in hematologic malignancies like leukemias, B-cell lymphomas, and multiple myeloma. Similarly, TCR-modified therapies, which reprogram T cells to recognize intracellular tumor antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, offer promise for a range of solid tumors.

Trimethylamine N-oxide in cardiovascular disease: Pathophysiology and the potential role of statins.

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with the total number of cases increasing to 523 million in 2019. Despite the advent of new drugs, cardiovascular mortality has increased at an alarming rate of 53.7 % from 12.

Understanding the Relationship between the Ketogenic Diet and the Heart: A Novel Therapeutic Potential for Cardiovascular Health.

Obesity and cardiovascular diseases are major health problems worldwide, and weight loss is used as a treatment strategy to enhance various aspects. While there are many weight loss methods, one of the most effective is through a dietary approach. The ketogenic diet (KD), which is characterized by low carbohydrates and high levels of fat and/or protein, is used in obese patients as it is a promising treatment option for weight loss as well as for controlling the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, as seen in its effects on cardio-metabolic outcomes, particularly in obesity, heart failure, and hypertension.

Novel regimens and treatment strategies in neoadjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer: A systematic review.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to describe novel regimens and treatment strategies in neoadjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim was to summarize the current advancements in neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for CRC, including the use of cytotoxic drugs, targeted treatments, and immunotherapy. The analysis aimed to provide insights into the potential benefits and drawbacks of these novel approaches and highlight the need for further research to optimize NACT use in CRC and improve patient outcomes.

Comparison between mono vs dual vs triple antiplatelet therapy in patients with ischemic heart disease undergoing PCI, a network meta-analysis.

Aims: We aim to research the efficacy and safety of single(SAPT), dual(DAPT), and triple(TAPT) antiplatelets approaches across IHD patients undergoing PCI.

Methods And Results: A network meta-analysis was conducted until April 1st, 2024, using the netmeta package in R studio 4.3.

Global and regional mortality statistics of nipah virus from 1994 to 2023: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

The mortality rate of Nipah virus (NiV) can vary in different regions, and its pattern across timelines has yet to be assessed. The primary objective is to perform a comparative analysis of mortality rates across different timelines and countries. Articles reporting NiV mortality from inception to November 2023 were analyzed in PubMed, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.

Complex dichotomous links of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease: exploring risks, mechanisms, and management modalities.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been shown to be linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to established risk factors such as obesity, age, and type 2 diabetes in numerous studies. However, alternative research suggests that factors related to IBD, such as disease activity, duration, and drug-induced toxicity, can contribute to NAFLD. Recent research findings suggest IBD relapses are correlated with dysbiosis, mucosal damage, and an increase in cytokines.

Efficacy and outcomes of antiplatelet therapy versus oral anticoagulants in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Recent guidelines suggest that antiplatelet therapy (APT) is the standard of care in the absence of long-term oral anticoagulation (OAC) indications in patients post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The superiority of one method over the other remains controversial.

Materials And Methods: Several databases, including MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and EMBASE, were electronically searched.

Association between Statin Use and Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Meta-Analysis.

Chemotherapy-induced cardiac dysfunction (CIC) is a significant and concerning complication observed among cancer patients. Despite the demonstrated cardioprotective benefits of statins in various cardiovascular diseases, their effectiveness in mitigating CIC remains uncertain. This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the potential cardioprotective role of statins in patients with CIC.

Gut Microbiome-Colorectal Cancer Relationship.

Traditionally, the role of gut dysbiosis was thought to be limited to pathologies like difficile infection, but studies have shown its role in other intestinal and extraintestinal pathologies. Similarly, recent studies have surfaced showing the strong potential role of the gut microbiome in colorectal cancer, which was traditionally attributed mainly to sporadic or germline mutations. Given that it is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality, 78 grants totaling more than USD 28 million have been granted to improve colon cancer management since 2019.

Harmonizing Hearts: Exploring the Impact of Music Therapy on Cardiovascular Health.

Music therapy (MT) is a music intervention involving a credentialed professional and a client, which has gained increasing recognition in current practices as an adjunct therapy for various conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). MT demonstrates notable physiological as well as psychological effects leading to lowered anxiety, depression, and systolic blood pressure in patients with CVDs as well as having effects on heart rate and heart rate variability in healthy subjects. MT emerges as a promising adjunct in the prevention and rehabilitation of CVDs and its holistic impact on physiological and psychological parameters underscores its potential as a noninvasive, cost-effective intervention.

The cardio-oncology continuum: Bridging the gap between cancer and cardiovascular care.

Cancer and cardiovascular disease are two of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although cancer has historically been viewed as a condition characterized by abnormal cell growth and proliferation, it is now recognized that cancer can lead to a variety of cardiovascular diseases. This is due to the direct impact of cancer on the heart and blood vessels, which can cause myocarditis, pericarditis, and vasculitis.

Navigating the challenges of bicuspid aortic valve-aortopathy.

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a congenital heart defect that affects 0.5-2% of the general population with familial predominance. The modifications in hemodynamics and structure change at cellular level contribute to the dilation of aorta, resulting in bicuspid aortopathy, which can result in catastrophic aortic events.

The Rising Use of E-Cigarettes: Unveiling the Health Risks and Controversies.

The use of e-cigarettes has tremendously increased in recent times due to the widespread availability of e-cigarettes in diverse flavors, reduced cost compared to regular cigarettes, and misconception of being comparatively safe, which have led to around 2.55 million US middle and high school students smoking e-cigarettes. These devices use a nicotine-rich liquid, which is aerosolized electronically, producing vapors that may also include hazardous chemicals and heavy metals.

Lab testing overload: a comprehensive analysis of overutilization in hospital-based settings.

Overuse of laboratory tests has been a growing problem in the inpatient hospital setting for years, which adds to the rising cost of care. Various factors come into play, such as clinical routines, lack of cost transparency, and the convenience of electronic health record-based ordering. The financial ramifications of the overuse are significant, as lab costs drive most medical decisions.

Clinical impact of cerebral protection during transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Embolization of debris can complicate transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) causing stroke. Cerebral embolism protection (CEP) devices can divert or trap debris.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of CEP during TAVI vs the standard procedure.

Caroli's Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Synonymous with congenital non-obstructive saccular or fusiform intra-hepatic duct dilatation and congenital communicating cavernous ectasia of the intra-hepatic biliary tract, Caroli's syndrome (CS) is an extremely rare fibro-polycystic liver disorder characterized by ductal plate malformation and consequent peri-portal fibrosis due to segmental intra-hepatic duct dilatation. No more than 200 cases of the syndrome have been reported since 1958. CS may affect one or both lobes of the liver, but more commonly it affects the left hepatic lobe.

Metabolic surgery in improving arterial health in obese individuals.

Purpose: Arterial stiffness has gained recognition as a stand-alone risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Obesity is intricately linked to elevated arterial stiffness, the development of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, and the emergence of diastolic dysfunction, all of which collectively contribute substantially to an unfavorable prognosis. Weight loss has become a standard recommendation for all patients with CVD concurrent with morbid obesity; however, randomized evidence to support this recommendation was limited earlier.