Myocardial Perfusion Scan Study before and after On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery - A Single-Center Study.

Aim: Ischemic cardiac disease is the most common adult heart disease. The primary aim of the study was to analyze the myocardial perfusion status of the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft using sestamibi scan and assess the improvement in perfusion status of the myocardium after the surgery.

Materials And Methods: This study was a descriptive study consisting of a single group of patients undergoing elective surgery for coronary artery disease.

Influence of CYP2C9 Polymorphisms on Plasma Concentration of Warfarin and 7-Hydroxy Warfarin in South Indian Patients.

Background: Warfarin is primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) enzyme, which is encoded by the CYP2C9 gene. CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 variants significantly influence warfarin metabolism and subsequently the required dose of warfarin.

Objectives: The current retrospective study was aimed to determine the influence of CYP2C9 variants on warfarin metabolic ratio (MR, warfarin/7-hydroxy warfarin) and warfarin maintenance therapy in 210 patients (mean age 44.

Thoracic mucormycosis in immunocompetent patients.

Background: Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection. It is rare and commonly associated with fatal outcomes.

Methods: We report two cases of thoracic mucormycosis in immunocompetent patients.

Relationship between transesophageal echocardiography-derived pulmonary artery systolic pressure measurements and early morbidity in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Context: We studied the relationship between intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography-derived (TEE-derived) pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) measurements with early morbidity in on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.

Aims: The objective of the study was to assess whether TEE-derived elevated PASP is independently predictive of significant morbidity.

Settings And Design: Prospective observational study in a university hospital.

Management of aortic aneurysm presenting during pregnancy: A case report.

Aortic aneurysm in pregnancy is associated with higher risk of complications due to the stress induced by the physiologic changes in pregnancy. Many of the reports are concentrated on those with catastrophic outcomes or who underwent surgical repair during pregnancy/puerperium. We report a case of aortic aneurysm, who presented during the second trimester and had a successful pregnancy outcome, and discuss the various issues concerning the management during pregnancy.

Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysms in Children-A Case Series.

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysms are very rare in children. In children, left ventricular pseudoaneurysms can occur following infection, trauma, ischemia, or cardiac surgery. The authors report a series of three cases treated at our hospital with two of the cases having a history of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and one patient with a history of varicella zoster infection.

Combined nephrectomy and aortic valve replacement: perioperative decision-making.

Open heart surgery and urologic surgery may be required for patients with coincident diseases. We report a patient who suffered from aortic valve stenosis which was asymptomatic barring atrial fibrillation. He was prescribed warfarin and then developed a large perinephric hematoma.

An acenocoumarol dosing algorithm exploiting clinical and genetic factors in South Indian (Dravidian) population.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2, and GGCX genetic polymorphisms on mean daily dose of acenocoumarol in South Indian patients and to develop a new pharmacogenetic algorithm based on clinical and genetic factors.

Methods: Patients receiving acenocoumarol maintenance therapy (n = 230) were included in the study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2, and GGCX were genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.

Phosphatase and tensin analog expression in arterial atherosclerotic lesions.

Context: Phosphatase and tensin analog (PTEN) gene mutation has been proven for pro-inflammatory property and proliferative potential through tyrosine kinase pathway. We studied mutated PTEN for its pathogenetic association in arterial atherosclerosis.

Aims: The objective was to study mutation of PTEN by immunohistochemical method in arterial atherosclerotic lesions and correlate with grades of atherosclerosis, smooth muscle migration in intima, degree of inflammation and Framingham heart study risk factors.

Estimation of plasma levels of warfarin and 7-hydroxy warfarin by high performance liquid chromatography in patients receiving warfarin therapy.

Warfarin is one of the most commonly prescribed oral anticoagulant for prevention of thromboembolic events. The effect of this drug is measured by monitoring prothrombin time expressed as International Normalized Ratio (INR). In some cases, however, the measurement of plasma concentration of warfarin was emphasized.

Effect of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2 and GGCX genetic variants on warfarin maintenance dose and explicating a new pharmacogenetic algorithm in South Indian population.

Objective: To determine the influence of genetic polymorphisms on warfarin maintenance dose and to explicate an algorithm using the pharmacogenetic and clinical factors to determine the maintenance and/or starting dose of warfarin in South Indian patients receiving warfarin therapy.

Methods: Patients receiving stabilized warfarin therapy (n=257) were included in the study. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP2C9 (rs1799853 and rs1057910), VKORC1 (rs9923231, rs7196161, rs2884737, rs9934438, rs8050894, rs2359612 and rs7294), CYP4F2 (rs2108622) and GGCX (rs11676382) were genotyped by the quantitative real time-PCR method.

Effect of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphisms on mean daily maintenance dose of acenocoumarol in South Indian patients.

Aim: To determine the effect of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphisms on mean daily maintenance dose of acenocoumarol in South Indian patients with heart valve replacement.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted in 170 patients on therapy with acenocoumarol following heart valve replacement surgery. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) namely CYP2C9*2 (rs1799853), CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910), and VKORC1 (rs9923231) were identified by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method.

Intramyocardial hydatid cyst: a mistaken identity and its successful removal on a beating heart.

Hydatid cyst of the heart is a rare but potentially fatal disease. There have been reports of the occurrence of such cysts, but we present here a unique experience of mistaken identity of a right ventricular intramyocardial hydatid cyst for a mediastinal hydatid cyst, leading to a dangerous intraoperative procedure.

Double-lumen tube for ventilation in severe kyphoscoliosis.

The presence of kyphoscoliosis can adversely affect gas exchange because of restriction to gas flow and reduction of lung volume. The effects become more exaggerated during positive-pressure ventilation due to the uneven distribution of ventilation. The use of a double-lumen tube helps to reduce the ventilation perfusion mismatch that occurs because of positive-pressure ventilation.