Comparative evaluation of PD-L1 expression and tumor immune microenvironment in molecular subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer and its correlation with survival outcomes.

Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized treatment of platinum-refractory advanced bladder cancer, offering hope where options are limited. Response varies, however, influenced by factors such as the tumor's immune microenvironment and prior therapy. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is stratified into molecular subtypes, with distinct clinicopathologic features affecting prognosis and treatment.

Density functional study of physisorption of H molecules on scandium and yttrium decorated C fullerene: prospect for hydrogen storage.

Context: Hydrogen storage in porous nanostructured compounds have recently attracted a lot of attention due to the fact that the underlying adsorption mechanism and thermodynamics provide suitable platform for room temperature adsorption and desorption of H molecules. This work reports the findings of a study on the reversible hydrogen storage capacities of Sc and Y decorated C fullerene, conducted using dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The transition metal (TM) atoms, such as Sc and Y, are identified to attach to the C-C bridge position of the C fullerene through non-covalent closed-shell interactions.

Amelioration of cognition by hesperidin-conjugated cobalt oxide nanoparticles.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the metabolic syndromes that is associated with cognitive deficit, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) like pathology due to impaired insulin-signalling in the brain, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Nanotechnology is one of the most promising techniques for targeting the brain. However, the toxicity of metal nanoparticles is one of the biggest challenges to be studied.

A Chemically Robust Microporous Zn-MOF for CH Separation from CO and Industrially Relevant Four Component Gas Mixtures.

The separation and purification of acetylene from the light hydrocarbon gas mixtures is considered as one of the most industrially challenging task for the production of fine chemicals. Though metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising candidates for such separation and offer a cost and energy-efficient pathway, achieving the trade-off between sorption capacity and separation selectivity along with framework robustness is a daunting task and demands effective design. Herein, a new 3D chemically stable MOF, IITKGP-24 (stable over a wide range of aqueous pH solution, pH = 2-12) is developed, displaying excellent separation selectivity of 13.

Gellan gum-based in-situ gel formulations for ocular drug delivery: A practical approach.

Ophthalmic disorders significantly impact global health, affecting millions worldwide. Conventional treatments often face challenges related to poor bioavailability and short residence times on the ocular surface. In recent years, in-situ gels prepared using different natural gums including gellan gum has been investigated as a viable means of improving ocular medication delivery.

Brightness and AIEE behaviour of methylenebis(4,1-phenylene) linkage electron donor-acceptor-based dyads and their implications for robust quantification of explosive picric acid in both aqueous medium and solid state.

Organic luminescent materials having photoluminescence in their solid state have become emerging trends in chemistry, materials science, and biology due to their versatile potential applications. In the present contribution, we have introduced some methylenebis(4,1-phenylene) electron donor-acceptor-based fashionable solid-state fluorescent molecules, MBA, MBB, and MBH, having exciting photoluminescence characteristics in their solid and aggregate states. Interestingly, all probes exhibited a compelling aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE) phenomenon in aqueous media.

Telemedicine-Enabled Otoscopes as Catalysts for Accessible and Preventive Ear Health Care: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Maintaining optimal hearing health and preventing ear infections is crucial across all life stages, spanning from before birth and infancy to middle age and beyond. The primary aim of the research was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the telemedicine-enabled otoscope (TEO) in diagnosing ear diseases with that of the conventional otoscope.

Materials And Methods: The databases PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase were thoroughly searched to find original studies on TEO at the community as well as hospital levels along with meta-analysis for comparison with standard diagnostic methods using traditional otoscopes.

Influence of an Imposed Network on One- and Three-Dimensional Photonic Liquid Crystal Structures through the Polymer Template Technique.

We describe the first investigations on the influence of an imposed network on the photonic band gap (PBG) structure of the liquid crystal (LC) phase through the polymer template technique. The technique consists of using a cholesteric (Ch) phase as a base for photopolymerizing a difunctional monomer, which is then removed after polymerization, leaving only the polymer scaffold template. The templated structure obtained is utilized to adjust the PBG structure of the filled LC material, exhibiting both a one-dimensional PBG (Ch phase) and a three-dimensional PBG structure (TGBC* phase with smectic C* blocks).

Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence in detecting oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer using medical diagnostic imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Oral cancer is a widespread global health problem characterised by high mortality rates, wherein early detection is critical for better survival outcomes and quality of life. While visual examination is the primary method for detecting oral cancer, it may not be practical in remote areas. AI algorithms have shown some promise in detecting cancer from medical images, but their effectiveness in oral cancer detection remains Naïve.

Amlodipine Attenuates Carrageenan-induced Oxidative Stress Targeting Transsynaptic Neuronal Damage by Promoting Survival of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Adult Zebrafish (.

Background: Transsynaptic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) likely plays a role in progressive loss of vision in glaucoma. Carrageenan (Carr), obtained from seaweed (Rhodophyceae), a sulphated polysaccharide extracted from a species of red algae (), is a reversible gel mostly used in eye-drop preparation due to its hydrocolloid nature. But Carr-induced inflammation causing oxidative stress in animals has not yet been evaluated.

Case-control Study: Comparative Evaluation of Bio active Glass (Novabone Putty) and Demineralized Freeze-dried Bone Allograft in the Treatment of Mandibular Furcation Defects.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare a second-generation bioactive glass putty biomaterial (Novabone putty) against demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in mandibular grade II furcation defects.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen systematically healthy individuals in the age range of 38-50 years were selected for this split-mouth study. Group I consisting of 15 sites, was treated with DFDBA and group II consisting of 15 sites was treated with Novabone putty (NB putty).

Low-valent germanium and tin hydrides as catalysts for hydroboration, hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of heterocumulenes.

The low-valent germanium and tin hydrides, [LMH; L = {(ArHN)(ArN)-CN-C(NAr)(NHAr); Ar = 2,6-Et-CH}; M = Ge; (Ge-1), Sn (Sn-2)] bearing bis-guanidinato anions are employed as catalysts for chemoselective reduction of heterocumulenes hydroboration reactions. This protocol demonstrates that a wide range of carbodiimides (CDI), isocyanates, isothiocyanates, and isoselenocyanates undergo partial reduction, yielding the corresponding -boryl formamidine, -boryl formamide, -boryl thioformamide, and -boryl selenoformamide products, respectively. Isocyanates and isothiocyanates are further converted into -boryl methyl amines through hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactions in the presence of catalyst Ge-1.

Designed Nanodrugs for Ultrasonic Removal of Toxic Polyglutamine Aggregates from Neuron Cells.

Clearing of toxic polyglutamine aggregates from neuronal cells is crucial for ameliorating Huntington's disease. However, such clearance is challenging, requiring the targeting of affected neuron cells in the brain, followed by the removal of polyglutamine from cells. Here we report a designed nanodrug that can be used for the ultrasound-based removal of toxic polyglutamine aggregates from neuron cells.

Multimodal antibacterial potency of newly designed and synthesized Schiff's/Mannich based coumarin derivatives: potential inhibitors of bacterial DNA gyrase and biofilm production.

The briskened urge to develop potential antibacterial candidates against multidrug-resistant pathogens has motivated the present research study. Herein, newly synthesized coumarin derivatives with azomethine and amino-methylated as the functional groups have been focused on their antibacterial efficacy. The study proposed two distinct series: 3-acetyl substituted coumarin derivatives, followed by the Schiff base approach (5a-5i), and formaldehyde-secondary cyclic amine-based derivatives (7a-7g), using the Mannich base approach, further the compounds have been confirmed through various spectral studies.

Rice homolog of Arabidopsis Xylem NAC domain 1 (OsXND1), a NAC transcription factor regulates drought stress responsive root system architecture in indica rice.

Rice yield is greatly constrained by drought stress. In Arabidopsis, XYLEM NAC DOMAIN 1 (XND1) gene regulates the xylem formation, efficiency of water transport, and the delicate equilibrium between drought tolerance and resistance to pathogens. However, diversity and the role of rice homologs of OsXND1 is not reported so far.

Assessment of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Triphala, Neem, and Chlorhexidine Root Canal Irrigants.

Introduction: Complete eradication of microorganisms from the root canal and three-dimensional obturation of the canal space are necessary for a successful root canal therapy. In root canal failures, is the most often detected bacterium. Microorganisms can be eliminated with the aid of chemical irrigation.

Quality of Life Determinants in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study.

Introduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting men globally, with a significant impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). With the recent therapeutic advancements and improvements in survival, there is a need to understand the determinants of HRQOL in metastatic prostate cancer patients to optimize treatment strategies for quality of life as the number of survivors increases. The aim of this study was to identify clinical variables that affect HRQOL and its domains in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

Zinc catalyzed chemoselective hydrofunctionalization of cyanamides.

The zinc-catalyzed hydrosilylation and hydroboration of cyanamides have been described. Chemoselective reduction of cyanamides with PhSiH and partial or complete hydroboration of cyanamides with pinacolborane (HBpin) have been successfully carried out. The active catalyst/intermediate in the catalytic reactions, , the bis-guanidinate zinc amidinate compound, has been isolated and structurally characterized.

Synthetic studies towards volvalerenol A: access to a fully functionalized cycloheptane framework in an asymmetric fashion through the exploitation of -symmetry.

The enantioselective synthesis of a fully functionalized cycloheptane core of the naturally occurring triterpenoid volvalerenol A, exhibiting pseudo- symmetry, was achieved. Enantioselective enzymatic desymmetrization (EED), asymmetric methallylation, and reductive ring opening of an cyclopropane overbred intermediate were the key reactions to access the cycloheptanone core. Further synthetic manipulations, a unique "MPV" (Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley) type reductive ring-opening of an epoxide and other synthetic transformations, afforded two fully functionalized cycloheptane frameworks of the target molecule.

Proton Conduction via Water and Ammonia Coordinated Metal Cationic Species in MOF and MHOF Platforms.

Although metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and metalo hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (MHOFs) are designed as promising solid-state proton conductors by incorporating various protonic species intrinsically or extrinsically, design and development of such materials by employing the concept of proton conduction through coordinated polar protic solvent is largely unexplored. Herein, we have constructed two proton-conducting materials having different solvent coordinated metal cationic species: In-HO-MOF, ({[In(HO)][In(Pzdc)] ⋅ 15HO}; HPzdc: pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid) with coordinated water molecules from hexaaquaindium cationic species, and MHOF-4, ([{Co(NH)}(2,6-NDS)(HO)]; 2,6-HNDS: 2,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid) with coordinated ammonia from hexaammoniacobalt cationic species. Interestingly, higher proton conductivity was achieved for In-HO-MOF (1.