A coupled optimized hedging rule-based reservoir operation and hydrodynamic model framework for riverine flood risk management.

Long-term changes in reservoir inflow due to climate change and human interferences violate the assumptions of hydrologic stationarity, especially in the reservoir operation during high flood season for managing the downstream critical levee (DCL) sections from overtopping. Utilization of uncertain inflow forecast into a reservoir using the operating rule curve of certain forecast horizon reflects the challenges imposed by nonstationary conditions, downstream flood intensification with spatiotemporally distributed lateral flux and floodplain dynamics. Addressing these issues, this study develops four hierarchical frameworks considering single-stage hedging (1SH) and two-stage hedging (2SH) rules-based reservoir operation models optimized with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and informed with rating curve uncertainty at DCL section.

Efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma as an adjunct therapy to split thickness skin graft in burn patients with granulating raw wounds: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study-study protocol.

Background: Burn wounds are commonly encountered in clinical settings and the management aims at the prevention of mortality and morbidity due to disability. The platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is blood-derived biomaterial that is enriched with growth factors and cytokines that facilitate wound healing. The PRP has proven its efficacy in various other wounds, but its role in post-burn raw areas and graft take has not been validated.

Antibiofouling Coatings For Marine Sensors: Progress and Perspectives on Materials, Methods, Impacts, and Field Trial Studies.

The attachment of marine organisms, for example, bacteria, proteins, inorganic molecules, and more on a sea-submerged surface is a global concern for marine industries as it controls the surface for further marine growth. Applications requiring the estimation of real-time information from oceanographic sensors conveyed for long-term deployment are vulnerable to biofouling. Therefore, an effective approach to controlling the biofouling that accumulates on marine sensors is paramount.

High-Efficiency Continuous Spin-Conduction through NiO/Cu Bilayer Structure.

Materials that effectively separate charge and spin currents are key to advancing spin-orbit torque-based switching devices for nanomagnet memory. NiO, an insulating yet spin-conducting material, is essential in such systems. Interfacing NiO with a heavy metal like Pt, confines charge current to Pt while allowing spin current to pass through NiO into an adjacent NiFe layer.

The prevalence of Tuberculosis in HIV patients and their correlation with CD4 count in a tertiary care hospital in Rishikesh, gateway to the Himalayas.

Introduction: Tuberculosis is the most common serious opportunistic infection in HIV-positive patients. TB can occur at any time during the course of HIV infection. The estimated number of people living with HIV in India in 2019 was 23.

Photocatalytic C-C bond thio(seleno)esterification of 1,2-diketone-derived pro-aromatic intermediates.

We report an organophotocatalyst-enabled oxidant-free C-S/C-Se bond coupling of (un)symmetrical 1,2-diketones pro-aromatic dihydroquinazolinones/benzothiazolines, employing readily accessible disulfides/diselenides. In this scalable and redox-neutral method, various dialkyl, di(hetero)aryl, and alkyl-aryl 1,2-diketones are expediently converted to -aryl (-alkyl) alkyl/(hetero)aryl thioesters and Se-alkyl aryl selenoesters with broad functional group compatibility in high efficiency.

Precision power quality control in grid-integrated microgrid via matrix pencil technique.

This manuscript presents a Matrix Pencil-based Energy Management Control (MPEMC) approach to improve power quality (PQ) and power flow in grid-integrated solar PV systems. The proposed method combines a non-linear dynamic load-based shunt active power filter (SAPF) model with an incremental conductance-based optimal power tracking control (OPTC) algorithm, enhancing PV system efficiency by 4%, increasing output from 96 kW to 100 kW under varying solar irradiance. A logarithmic encoder-based DC-link voltage controller stabilizes the DC-link voltage with an error reduction time of less than 0.

Advanced control scheme for harmonic mitigation and performance improvement in DC-AC microgrid with parallel voltage source inverter.

This article proposes a finite set model predictive control (FS-MPC) strategy for a three-phase, two-stage photovoltaic (PV) and battery-based hybrid microgrid (HMG) system. The system incorporates parallel inverters with dual DC-link capacitors connected to a shared DC grid, enabling enhanced reliability and efficient power-sharing. A discrete-time HMG model is developed to predict key system parameters such as grid, circulating, and offset currents.

Induction training programme of resident doctors: The need of the hour.

Background: An induction training program is a structured process to acclimatize and orient the newly inducted staff or employees to an organization. As per the literature, there is no structured induction training program for resident doctors available in tertiary care teaching hospitals in India. Unlike other institutions, hospitals are complex places with several departments, processes, and patient services.

Sacral extramedullary haematopoiesis, radiologically mimicking malignancy.

Extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH) refers to ectopic haematopoietic elements outside the bone marrow. Although it frequently occurs in the liver, spleen and lymph nodes, EMH presenting as a destructive lytic lesion of the sacrum with associated presacral soft tissue mass masquerading as malignancy has been scarcely reported. Imaging workup on a pregnant woman suspected of having haemolytic anaemia revealed a lytic destructive lesion involving the sacrum with homogeneously enhancing presacral soft tissue density mass.

Strategic Synthesis of Sulfinamides as Versatile S(IV) Intermediates.

Sulfinamides constitute adaptable S(IV) intermediates with a sulfur stereocenter, having emerging interest in divergent synthesis of high-valent S(VI) functional bioisosteres. Recent years have witnessed the strategic development of mild and selective synthetic routes for highly functionalized sulfinamides, employing stable organometallic reagents, carbon-centered radical precursors, and other abundant coupling partners merged with various sulfur reagents in the arena of metal, photoredox, and organocatalysis. Furthermore, asymmetric metal and organocatalysis have enabled the stereoselective synthesis of enantioenriched sulfinamides.

Probing Strangeness Hadronization with Event-by-Event Production of Multistrange Hadrons.

This Letter presents the first measurement of event-by-event fluctuations of the net number (difference between the particle and antiparticle multiplicities) of multistrange hadrons Ξ^{-} and Ξ[over ¯]^{+} and its correlation with the net-kaon number using the data collected by the ALICE Collaboration in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV. The statistical hadronization model with a correlation over three units of rapidity between hadrons having the same and opposite strangeness content successfully describes the results.

Study of dissipation dynamics and persistent toxicity of selected insecticides in chilli using LCMSMS.

Chilli, a globally cultivated and consumed crop is significantly impacted by Thrips parvispinus. The reliance on pesticides could result in residue contamination, adversely affecting quality, leading to export rejections and health risks to consumers. This study evaluated the bioefficacy and persistent toxicity of fipronil and tolfenpyrad against thrips in chilli, and persistence of their residues.

Unveiling Heavier Dihydropyridine Chalcogenol Esters in Metallaphotoredox Catalyst-Enabled Regioselective Hydrothio(seleno)carbonylation.

Herein, aromaticity-driven thio(seleno)ester group transfer from novel 1,4-dihydropyridine thio(seleno)esters to alkene feedstocks is disclosed by merging palladium and photoredox catalysis. In this process, photoactivation of dihydropyridine thio(seleno)esters is integrated with regioselective hydrometalation of alkenes, avoiding photoinduced Pd-C bond homolysis of organopalladium intermediates. Additionally, a regioselective hydroselenocarbonylation of an alkene is accomplished for the first time using a bench-stable selenoester reagent.

Use of Quantum Dots as Nanotheranostic Agents: Emerging Applications in Rare Genetic Diseases.

Rare genetic diseases (RGDs) affect a small percentage of the global population but collectively have a substantial impact due to their diverse manifestations. Although the precise reasons behind these diseases remain unclear, roughly 80% of cases are genetically linked. Recent efforts focus on understanding pathology and developing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for RGDs.

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Nonagenarians: A Dilemma in Treatment Approach.

Stroke is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity, particularly among the elderly population. As the general population ages, cerebrovascular disease is anticipated to increase in prevalence. Strokes can manifest as either hemorrhagic or ischemic events.

Photocatalytic C-C Bond Azidation and Cyanation of Acyclic Ketones via a Pro-aromatic Intermediate.

Herein, we report a formal C-C bond azidation and cyanation of unactivated aliphatic ketones using commercially available tosyl azide and cyanide, respectively. A visible-light-mediated organophotocatalyst enables radical azidation and cyanation of ketone-derived pro-aromatic dihydroquinazolinones (under mostly redox-neutral conditions) as supported by preliminary mechanistic studies. These metal-free and scalable protocols can be used to synthesize tertiary, secondary, and primary alkyl azides and nitriles with good functional group tolerance and postsynthetic diversification of the azide group, including bioconjugation.

Congestive myelopathy secondary to epidural venous engorgement and venous congestion in a patient with Budd-Chiari syndrome and its management through inferior vena cava stenting.

Budd-Chiari syndrome with obstruction in the inferior vena cava causes increased venous pressure in the azygous-hemiazygous system and paravertebral venous plexus, which is transmitted to the epidural venous plexus, devoid of the valves. It causes epidural venous plexus engorgement and venous congestion and may present rarely with low back pain or radiating pain. However, patients developing lower limb weakness as a complication of Budd-Chiari syndrome is an infrequent and severe presentation.

MiR-192-5p targets cell cycle regulation in diabetic kidney disease via cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a.k.a diabetic nephropathy, is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease.

Comparative analysis of backbone atom cross-correlation matrices and folding dynamics of amyloid fibril and its complexes with novel biosurfactants isolated from Bacillus strain: a binding free energy calculation (mM-PBSA) and MD simulation approach.

In the relentless pursuit of unraveling the intricate pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid β (Aβ) proteins emerge as focal points due to their pivotal role in disease progression. The pathological hallmark of AD involves the aberrant aggregation of Aβ peptides into amyloid fibrils, precipitating a cascade of neurodegenerative events culminating in cognitive decline and neuronal loss. This study adopts a computational framework to investigate the potential therapeutic efficacy of novel biosurfactants (BS) in mitigating Aβ fibril formation.

A Complex Pediatric Vertebrobasilar Junction Aneurysm Treated using a Flow Diverter with Coiling: Case Report and Management Strategy.

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms (PIAs) are highly uncommon, with an incidence of <5% (0.17 to 4.6%) and <2% of PIA complicates into an aneurysmal hemorrhage.