Multiple Porous Synthetic Bone Graft Comprising EngineeredMicro-Channel for Drug Carrier and Bone Regeneration.

Due to high demand but limited supply, there has been an increase in the need to replace autologous bone grafts with alternatives that fulfill osteogenic requirements. In this study, two different types of bone grafts were tested for their drug carrying abilities along with their osteogenic properties. Two different types of alendronate-loaded bone grafts, Bio-Oss (bovine bone graft) and InRoad (biphasic synthetic bone graft) were observed to see how different concentrations of alendronate would affect the sustained release to enhance osteogenesis.

Pulp regeneration with hemostatic matrices as a scaffold in an immature tooth minipig model.

Control of blood clotting in root canal systems is one of the most critical and difficult concerns for regenerative endodontics therapy (RET). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using gelatin- and fibrin-based hemostatic hydrogels as a scaffold on pulp regeneration in a minipig model. Cell viability of human dental pulp stem cells cultured three-dimensionally in gelatin-based and fibrin-based scaffolds was evaluated by MTT and live/dead assay.

Improvement of the Bonding Properties of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate by Elastin-Like Polypeptide Supplementation.

Introduction: Elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) supplementation was previously reported to enhance the physical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ELP supplementation on the bonding properties of MTA to dentin.

Methods: Two types of ELPs were synthesized and mixed with MTA in a 0.

Endodontic treatment of a C-shaped mandibular second premolar with four root canals and three apical foramina: a case report.

This case report describes a unique C-shaped mandibular second premolar with four canals and three apical foramina and its endodontic management with the aid of cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT). C-shaped root canal morphology with four canals was identified under a dental operating microscope. A CBCT scan was taken to evaluate the aberrant root canal anatomy and devise a better instrumentation strategy based on the anatomy.

Periodontal Ligament and Alveolar Bone in Health and Adaptation: Tooth Movement.

The periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone are two critical tissues for understanding orthodontic tooth movement. The current literature is replete with descriptive studies of multiple cell types and their matrices in the PDL and alveolar bone, but is deficient with how stem/progenitor cells differentiate into PDL and alveolar bone cells. Can one type of orthodontic force with a specific magnitude and frequency activate osteoblasts, whereas another force type activates osteoclasts? This chapter will discuss the biology of not only mature cells and their matrices in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, but also stem/progenitor cells that differentiate into fibroblasts, osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect.

Without an active, thriving cell population that is well-distributed and stably anchored to the inserted template, exceptional bone regeneration does not occur. With conventional templates, the absence of internal micro-channels results in the lack of cell infiltration, distribution, and inhabitance deep inside the templates. Hence, a highly porous and uniformly interconnected trabecular-bone-like template with micro-channels (biogenic microenvironment template; BMT) has been developed to address these obstacles.

Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes in endodontic microsurgery: a prospective study.

Introduction: This prospective study examined the potential prognostic factors of endodontic microsurgery and compared the predictors of an isolated endodontic lesion with those of both an isolated endodontic lesion and an endodontic-periodontal lesion.

Methods: Data were collected from the Microscope Center of the Department of Conservative Dentistry at the Dental College of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, between March 2001 and March 2011. A total number of 584 teeth were included, and all clinical procedures were performed by a single operator (E.

The influence of bone tissue deficiency on the outcome of endodontic microsurgery: a prospective study.

Introduction: This study assessed the influence of deficiencies of the periapical and marginal bone tissue on clinical outcomes after endodontic microsurgery.

Methods: Data were collected from the Microscope Center of the Department of Conservative Dentistry at the Dental College of Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea, between August 2004 and March 2011. In total, 199 teeth that required endodontic surgery were included in the study.

Tooth regeneration: a revolution in stomatology and evolution in regenerative medicine.

A tooth is a complex biological organ and consists of multiple tissues including the enamel, dentin, cementum and pulp. Tooth loss is the most common organ failure. Can a tooth be regenerated? Can adult stem cells be orchestrated to regenerate tooth structures such as the enamel, dentin, cementum and dental pulp, or even an entire tooth? If not, what are the therapeutically viable sources of stem cells for tooth regeneration? Do stem cells necessarily need to be taken out of the body, and manipulated ex vivo before they are transplanted for tooth regeneration? How can regenerated teeth be economically competitive with dental implants? Would it be possible to make regenerated teeth affordable by a large segment of the population worldwide? This review article explores existing and visionary approaches that address some of the above-mentioned questions.

Differential gene expression of periodontal ligament cells after loading of static compressive force.

Background: Compressive force is an important mechanical stimulus on the periodontal ligament (PDL) and is closely related to therapeutic tooth movement. In this study, early or late response genes related to the compressive stress in PDL cells were evaluated. Particularly, the expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was studied.