Enlighting the Shadow for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Immunotherapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Hepatocellular carcinoma has still been one of the cancer with increasing incidence and highest mortality rate in the world. Although many new promising developments have been defined in hepatocarcinogenesis, with a short survival the treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma is an emerging issue. On the recent decade, only one anti-angiogenic agent sorafenib improved overall survival with costing a hardly manageable toxicity.

Displacement of a Broken Dental Injection Needle Into the Perivertebral Space.

Dental injection needle breakage is an uncommon problem in dental practice. Displacement of the broken fragment into anatomical spaces is, on the other hand, a serious complication that occurs most commonly during inferior alveolar nerve blocks as a result of material wear, incorrect application of the anesthesia technique, or sudden movement of the patient during injection. Further complications such as infection, trismus, and nerve paralysis may exacerbate the condition and, if not treated adequately, life-threatening conditions may develop over time as the fragment dislodges deeper in soft tissues.

Unruptured intracranial aneurysms and life insurance underwriting.

Unruptured intracranial aneurysms are common. Rupture is rare, but associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Screening for unruptured intracranial aneurysms is indicated in certain patient populations, but many patients request screening outside of established guidelines.

Robotic radiosurgery of head and neck paragangliomas: a single institution experience.

Aim: CyberKnife is a robotic stereotactic radiotherapy system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and the safety of CyberKnife on treating head and neck paragangliomas and to report our results.

Methods: Between March 2009 and June 2014, 12 patients with head and neck paragangliomas have been referred to our clinic: in three cases had jugular paragangliomas, five cases had carotid body paragangliomas and three cases had tympanic paragangliomas.

Breast Cancer Metastasis on the Neck Mimicking a Glomus Tumor.

Cervical metastases from breast carcinoma are extremely rare after several years of disease-free survival. In this article, a metastatic tumor of the neck originating from a breast carcinoma, which has been treated 14 years ago, is discussed. A case is presented of a 48-year-old female patient with a history of breast carcinoma, which was surgically treated approximately 14 years ago.

Nasopharyngeal Extension of Giant Meningioma.

Meningiomas are common intracranial neoplasms but extracranial meningioma of the paranasal sinus is extremely rare. The recommended treatment of these meningothelial tumors is complete surgical excision. The authors report a 79-year-old woman presenting with facial pain and nasal obstruction for several months.

Prognostic factors in head and neck mucosal malignant melanoma.

Objective: Primary mucosal malignant melanoma of the head and neck (HN-PMMM) is an aggressive and uncommon neoplasm. Herein, we present a series of 33 patients and the results of treatment, and aimed to determine prognostic factors in HN-PMMM.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed as having HN-PMMM in our reference hospital, between 2005 and 2014 were evaluated.

Portal Vein Embolization: Impact of Chemotherapy and Genetic Mutations.

We characterized the effect of systemic therapy given after portal vein embolization (PVE) and before hepatectomy on hepatic tumor and functional liver remnant (FLR) volumes. All 76 patients who underwent right PVE from 2002-2016 were retrospectively studied. Etiologies included colorectal cancer ( = 44), hepatocellular carcinoma ( = 17), cholangiocarcinoma ( = 10), and other metastases ( = 5).

Clinical applications of MALDI imaging technologies in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) enables localization of analytes of interest along with histology. More specifically, MALDI-IMS identifies the distributions of proteins, peptides, small molecules, lipids, and drugs and their metabolites in tissues, with high spatial resolution. This unique capacity to directly analyze tissue samples without the need for lengthy sample preparation reduces technical variability and renders MALDI-IMS ideal for the identification of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and disease gradation.

Prognostic factors of recurrence and neck metastasis in oral carcinomas.

Objective: To assess the effects of tumor size, proximity to midline and invasion depth of oral cancer of the tongue (TC) on neck metastasis and recurrence.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, was conducted through a chart review of the 11 male and 9 female patients who underwent surgeries with the diagnosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and at least one side neck dissection. We wanted to assess effects of tumor size, proximity to midline, and invasion depth of TC, according to the surgical specimens and pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging, on neck metastasis and recurrence between 2007 and 2014.

Frontal Sinus Pneumatization Affects Height of the Lateral Lamella and Position of Anterior Ethmoidal Artery.

Preoperative evaluation of the frontal sinus (FS) and associated anatomical structures may reduce the risk of intraoperative complications and facilitate the management of potential complications. In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate relationship between FS pneumatization and critical anatomical structures. Paranasal sinus computerized tomography scans of 350 sides of 175 patients were evaluated.

An assessment of marital adjustment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Aim To investigate marital adjustment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and factors affecting this. Methods A total of 32 patients diagnosed with Steinbrocker class 1-2 rheumatoid arthritis and 32 healthy individuals from a similar age group were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), short-form 36(SF-36) and the dyadic adjustment scale (DAS) were evaluated in both groups.

Synthesis, Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of a Set of Silicon Phthalocyanines Bearing Anti-Inflammatory Groups.

In this study, a series of novel silicon (IV) phthalocyanines conjugated axially with anti-inflammatory (sulindac) and triethylene glycol groups has been synthesized. Different synthetic strategies were attempted to obtain the targeted molecules in high yield. The compounds were fully characterized by using different analyses techniques.

A novel homozygous HOXB1 mutation in a Turkish family with hereditary congenital facial paresis.

Hereditary congenital facial paresis (HCFP) is characterized by isolated dysfunction of the facial nerve (CN VII) due to congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders. HCFP has genetic heterogeneity and HOXB1 is the first identified gene. We report the clinical, radiologic and molecular investigations of three patients admitted for HCFP in a large consanguineous Turkish family.

Oxidative stress of crystalline lens in rat menopausal model.

Purpose: To evaluate lenticular oxidative stress in rat menopausal models.

Methods: Forty Wistar female albino rats were included in this study. A total of thirty rats underwent oophorectomy to generate a menopausal model.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of pemetrexed and gemcitabine treatment for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer in Turkey.

Background/aim: The purpose of the study is to determine the cost-effectiveness of the chemotherapy medications that contain gemcitabine and pemetrexed, which are used in the treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: The study evaluated the effectiveness and cost of platinum-based pemetrexed and gemcitabine treatments as the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC with the use of the Markov model, and from the perspective of the Social Security Institution. NSCLC costs calculated on the basis of experts' opinions and the effectiveness values calculated by administering the EQ-5D questionnaire to the patients were analyzed.

The Relationship between P & QT Dispersions and Presence & Severity of Stable Coronary Artery Disease.

Background And Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the correlation between electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters and presence and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) to indicate the usefulness of these parameters as predictors of severity in patients with stable CAD.

Subjects And Methods: Two hundred fifty patients, without a history of any cardiovascular event were included in the study. The ECG parameters were measured manually by a cardiologist before coronary angiography.

Effectiveness of Palatal Mucosa Graft in Surgical Treatment of Sub-Glottic Stenosis.

Objectives: Mucosal free grafts may be successfully applied in many surgical interventions. This study aims at investigating the feasibility of palatal mucosa graft in sub-glottic field in an animal model.

Methods: This randomized prospective controlled study was conducted with an animal model.

Increased serum G72 protein levels in patients with schizophrenia: a potential candidate biomarker.

Objective: The product of the G72 gene is an activator of d-amino acid oxidase and has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Increased G72 protein levels may be associated with disturbed glutamatergic transmission and increased reactive oxygen species. Only one pilot study by Lin et al.

A Presentation of Lyme Disease: Pseudotumor Cerebri.

Lyme disease is caused by a tick-transmitted spirochete, B. burgdorferi. It can present with both central and peripheral nervous system manifestations, including aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, Bell's palsy and other cranial neuropathies, radiculoneuritis, and myelitis.

Impact of Superoxide Dismutase-Gliadin on Radiation-induced Fibrosis: An Experimental Study.

Aim: Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) has since long been considered as irreversible. Further understanding of its mechanisms has led to trials investigating RIF treatment and prevention. The effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD)-gliadin, an oral form of SOD that resists gastrointestinal inactivation, on RIF treatment was evaluated in this experimental study.

[A juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: our 10-year experience in a tertiary centre].

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the demographic characteristics, tumor stage, surgical treatment and recurrence rate among patients operated with a juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 45 patients (44 males, 1 female; mean age 21 years, range 9 to 55 years) who underwent surgery at Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Otorhinolaryngology clinic between March 2006 and July 2015. The patients were classified according to age, sex, presenting symptom, tumor stage, surgical procedure applied, preoperative embolization, perioperative blood transfusion, complications, and the presence of recurrence.