Exciton dynamics in two-dimensional metal halide perovskite: The impact of film processing.

We investigate the hot carrier and exciton dynamics in two-dimensional (2D) metal halide perovskites using time-resolved spectroscopy. 2D perovskite films were prepared with and without dimethyl sulfoxide treatment to elucidate the effect of film processing techniques on optoelectronic properties. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements reveal that the charge carrier dynamics are different in the two samples, and excitons survive for a longer time in the treated sample than the untreated one.

Development of ASTM International D8405-Standard Test Method for Evaluating PM Sensors or Sensor Systems Used in Indoor Applications.

Sensors and sensor systems for monitoring fine particles with aerodynamic diameters smaller than 2.5 µm can provide real-time feedback on indoor air quality and thus can help guide actions to manage indoor air pollutant concentrations. Standardized verification of the performance and accuracy of sensors and sensor systems is crucial for predicting the efficacy of such monitoring.

Surface Passivation by Sulfur-Based 2D (TEA)PbI for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with superior performance have been recognized as a potential candidate in photovoltaic technologies. However, defects in the active perovskite layer induce nonradiative recombination which restricts the performance and stability of PSCs. The construction of a thiophene-based 2D structure is one of the significant approaches for surface passivation of hybrid PSCs that may combine the benefits of the stability of 2D perovskite with the high performance of three-dimensional (3D) perovskite.

Retrospective analysis of low vision assistive products - A 6-year review.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyze the demographics, visual acuity (VA), etiologies, recommended low vision assistive products (LVAP), and the acceptance rates of LVAP in various age groups.

Methods: This was a long-term retrospective review of all the patients presenting to the low vision clinic of our tertiary eye care hospital from January 2011 to December 2016. Data obtained included age, gender, VA, visual fields, ocular pathology causing the low vision, and types of LVAP advised.

Comparison of the outcomes of phacoemulsification and manual small-incision cataract surgery in posterior polar cataract - A retrospective study.

Purpose: To compare the visual outcomes and intraoperative complications between phacoemulsification and manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) in cases of posterior polar cataract (PPC).

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out involving 142 patients (164 eyes) with PPC who underwent cataract surgery between January and December 2017. Data collected include the demographic details, preoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), type of cataract, intraocular pressure, anterior and posterior segment findings, type of surgery performed, intraoperative complications, postoperative UCVA on the first day, UCVA and BCVA at 1 month after surgery, complications, and resurgery details.

Mentor-mentee relationship in ophthalmology - Following the footsteps of stalwarts.

Mentor- mentee relationship in any discipline is a professional and interpersonal relationship. It associates a mentor with a protégé or a mentee. Mentoring is a serious business in Ophthalmology, both academically and surgically.

Causation, historiographic approaches and the investigation of serious adverse incidents in mental health settings.

To improve the safety of healthcare systems, it is necessary to understand harm-related events that occur in these systems. In mental health services, particular attention is paid to harm arising from the actions of patients against themselves or others. The primary intention of examining these adverse events is to inform changes to care provision so as to reduce the likelihood of the recurrence of such events.

Cannabis Cultivation Facilities: A Review of Their Air Quality Impacts from the Occupational to Community Scale.

This review addresses knowledge gaps in cannabis cultivation facility (CCF) air emissions by synthesizing the peer-reviewed and gray literature. Focus areas include compounds emitted, air quality indoors and outdoors, odor assessment, and the potential health effects of emitted compounds. Studies suggest that β-myrcene is a tracer candidate for CCF biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs).

Acute isolated medial rectus palsy due to infarction as a result of hypercoagulable state: A case report and literature review.

Isolated medial rectus palsy in an otherwise healthy individual is a very rare entity. However, this may point towards underlying systemic pathology. This is a case report of an otherwise healthy young adult male who presented with sudden onset non-progressive blurring of vision in right eye.

Identification of peptide coatings that enhance diffusive transport of nanoparticles through the tumor microenvironment.

In solid tumors, increasing drug penetration promotes their regression and improves the therapeutic index of compounds. However, the heterogeneous extracellular matrix (ECM) acts as a steric and interaction barrier that hinders effective transport of therapeutics, including nanomedicines. Specifically, the interactions between the ECM and surface physicochemical properties of nanomedicines (e.

Retrospective study on outcomes of terminal chop technique of nuclear fragmentation in phacoemulsification and combined surgery: An observational study.

Purpose: Terminal chop, a new technique of nuclear segmentation, has been recently described in literature. The technique is considered to be a safe and effective option.

Methods: We did a retrospective study to evaluate the outcome of terminal chop.

Formation of Particulate Matter from the Oxidation of Evaporated Hydraulic Fracturing Wastewater.

The use of hydraulic fracturing for production of petroleum and natural gas has increased dramatically in the past decade, but the environmental impacts of this technology remain unclear. Experiments were conducted to quantify airborne emissions from 12 samples of hydraulic fracturing flowback wastewater collected in the Permian Basin, as well as the photochemical processing of these emissions leading to the formation of particulate matter (PM). The concentration of total volatile carbon (hydrocarbons evaporating at room temperature) averaged 29 mg of carbon per liter.

Extraocular needle- guided haptic insertion technique of scleral fixation intraocular lens surgeries (X-NIT).

The most challenging step in sutureless scleral fixation of intraocular lens (SFIOL) is exteriorization of haptics. The conventional handshake technique has a learning curve since it involves intraocular handing over of haptics from one forceps to another. Here, we describe "extraocular needle-guided haptic insertion technique" (X-NIT), a novel technique of exteriorizing haptics that totally eliminates intraocular manipulations.

POSTERIOR VITRECTORHEXIS: A SURGICAL MODIFICATION FOR INTRAOCULAR FOREIGN BODY REMOVAL THROUGH LIMBAL ROUTE.

Purpose: To describe a modified surgical technique of creating a posterior capsule opening for removal of retained intraocular foreign body, what we call as retroillumination-assisted posterior vitrectorhexis.

Methods: Vitrectomy probe through pars plana route is used to create a well-controlled circular posterior vitrectorhexis.

Results: A uniformly circular posterior capsule opening is created after standard pars plana vitrectomy for the removal of foreign body.

Publication rates from the All India Ophthalmic Conference 2010 compared to 2000: Are we improving?

Purpose: To determine the publication rates of free papers and posters presented at the All India Ophthalmic Conference (AIOC) 2010 in peer-reviewed journals up to December 2015 and compare this with publication rates from AIOC2000 published previously.

Methods: A thorough literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and the general Google search engine by two independent investigators. The title of the paper, keywords and author names were used to "match" the AIOC free-paper with the published paper.

Anterior stromal puncture with staining: A modified technique for preoperative reference corneal marking for toric lenses and its retrospective analyses.

Introduction: Toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) are an effective way of compensating preexisting corneal astigmatism during cataract surgery. To achieve success, it is imperative to align the toric IOLs in desired position and preoperative reference marking is one among the three important steps for accurate alignment. To make the marking procedure simpler and effective, we have modified the conventional three-step slit lamp-based technique.

Factors affecting treatment outcome in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: A retrospective analysis from South India.

Purpose: To investigate outcomes for different treatment modalities in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) in an Indian population.

Design: Retrospective, interventional, case series.

Materials And Methods: In an institutional setting, case records of patients with CNLDO from January 2008 to 2012, were reviewed, and data on patient demographics, clinical presentation, and treatment details (sac massage, probing, and/or dacryocystorhinostomy) were recorded.

The role of compression in the management of soft tissue ankle injuries: a systematic review.

Background: Ankle sprains are very common injuries which can lead to long-term pain, swelling and instability. Compression is often used in the treatment of these common injuries but is it effective and how best is it delivered?

Methods: MEDLINE (1966-current), EMBASE (1980-current), Cochrane Library (2011:1) and MEDION were included in our search. Studies evaluating compression in the treatment of ankle sprains were included.

Trans-venous occlusion of incompetent pelvic veins for chronic pelvic pain in women: a systematic review.

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) affects 24% of women worldwide; the cause cannot be identified in 40% despite invasive investigations. Dilated, refluxing pelvic veins may be a cause of CPP and treatment by trans-venous occlusion is increasingly performed when gynecological causes are excluded, but is it effective? A systematic review of the literature published between 1966 and July 2014 was conducted. Two authors independently reviewed potential studies according to a set of eligibility criteria, with a third assessor available as an arbiter.

The endocrine response to severe burn trauma.

The endocrine system is frequently altered after a major burn trauma. Besides the endocrine response to stress characterized by hypercortisolism, several hypothalamus-hypophysis-target gland axes are rapidly perturbed within a few days. These alterations can persist in the long term and deserve an appropriate treatment.