Superior rectus/levator complex in acquired anophthalmic socket repaired with spheric implant-a computed tomography scan and topographic study.

Aim: To determine whether the levator palpebrae superioris (LPS)/superior rectus (SR) muscle complex, can influence the position of the upper lid and fornix in acquired anophthalmic sockets.

Methods: This comparative non-randomized and non-interventional study included retrospective data of 21 patients with unilateral acquired anophthalmic sockets repaired with spheric implants. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) measurements of the LPM/SR muscle complex and clinical topographic position of the upper lid, superior and inferior fornix depth in primary gaze position were evaluated.

An advanced case of pediatric ciliary body medulloepithelioma with detailed literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Medulloepithelioma is the second most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in children but is often diagnosed late, which worsens the prognosis.

Case Presentation: We are reporting a 6-year-old boy presenting with a ciliary body (CB) teratoid malignant medulloepithelioma (TMM), which was missed at the initial presentation. We added our case to the 97 previously reported cases in our literature review that were confirmed by cytological or histopathological examination.

Lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome: A case report and literature review.

We report a healthy 18-year-old male Saudi with bilateral agenesis of the lacrimal puncta and canaliculi associated with large dacryocystocele on the right side without tearing or inflammation, detected in conjunction with other characteristic features of lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital dysplasia syndrome. Computed tomography scan indicated that dacryocystoceles were bilateral and asymmetrical, with large dimensions at the right side and associated to a right side maxillary sinus mucocele. The right dacryocystocele was surgically removed, and the histology indicated characteristics of the lacrimal sac.

Orbital and periorbital migration of silicone oil associated with emphysema development after retinal detachment repair - Case report and literature review.

Purpose: To report a very rare case of silicone oil (SO) migration and emphysema development in the orbit and periorbital tissue, including the lids and subconjunctival space, after a fourth pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for retinal detachment (RD) treatment.

Observations: A 53-year-old woman with a recurrent rhegmatogenous RD in the right eye underwent a fourth PPV under local anesthesia and 23-gauge vitrectomy with fluid-air exchange and SO injection. Localized choroidal detachment occurred during fluid-air exchange near the end of the surgery.

Invasive sino-orbital aspergillosis with brain invasion in an immunocompetent pregnant patient.

Purpose: Invasive Fungal Sinusitis (IFS) is a potentially life-threatening condition that can progress rapidly to the orbit and the brain, especially if it goes on undetected for a long period. We report a case of a 28-year-old pregnant woman in her second trimester with sino-orbital and subsequent brain involvement who tragically developed deterioration of her neurological status and a spontaneous abortion.

Observations: The patient presented to the ophthalmology emergency department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, complaining of left upper eyelid fullness with a palpable eyelid mass and chronic relapsing remitting dull pain for 4 months.

Acute dacryocystitis retention: a case report and literature review.

Acute dacryocystitis retention (ADR) is an unusual entity that contributes to an incorrect diagnosis and treatment. We describe a case of acute dacryocystitis retention occurring in a 61-year-old diabetic male who presented with severe pain, swelling, and inflammatory signs above the left medial canthal ligament tendon. He had no previous history of epiphora.

Acute unilateral vision loss and bilateral cerebral infarction following cosmetic filler injection.

The current case report describes acute unilateral vision loss and bilateral cerebral infarction as devastating complications following cosmetic injection of hyaluronic acid to the nasal bridge in a 34-year-old female. The patient reported the onset of sudden eye pain, headache, and vision loss in her right eye. At the initial visit to the hospital, the patient had no light perception in the right eye.

Adult presentation of retinoblastoma in Saudi patient.

To describe an unusual case of retinoblastoma in adult Saudi. A 21-year-old Saudi male developed acute unilateral visual loss due to a large intraocular lesion in his left eye. Within five days of presentation, the tumor enlarged rapidly causing angle closure glaucoma and orbital cellulitis like picture.

Isolated traumatic optic nerve avulsion in a boy who suffered a horse kick.

We report a case with traumatic avulsion of optic nerve caused by a horse kick in a child that caused loss of vision. Optic nerve avulsion is a rare injury usually associated with maxillofacial structures. Our patient had no light perception in the left eye.

Involvement of Multiple Trigeminal Nerve Branches in IgG4-Related Orbital Disease.

Purpose: To describe the occurrence of multiple trigeminal nerves (TGNs) enlargement in patients with orbital IgG4-related disease.

Methods: Retrospective review of MRI findings and medical records of 6 patients (10 orbits) with orbital IgG4-related disease and enlargement of more than 1 TGN. Orbital biopsies were performed in all cases revealing the typical lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with significant plasma cell positivity for IgG4 (IgG4+/IgG ratio ≥ 40%).

Orbital solitary fibrous tumors: a multi-centered histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis with radiological description.

Background: Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT), formerly called hemangiopericytoma, are rare tumors derived from mesenchymal cells originally described in the pleura, but these tumors may affect extraserosal tissues including the lacrimal gland and orbit.

Objective: Conduct a multi-centered clinical, radiological and histopathological analysis of 17 orbital SFT cases.

Design: A retrospective case series.

Genetic profiling of rhabdomyosarcoma with clinicopathological and radiological correlation.

Objective: Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma is a highly malignant tumor predominantly affecting children. Our study adds more understanding of this tumor to ophthalmologists from the clinicopathological, radiological and genetic aspects.

Design: A retrospective clinicopathological and radiological study of ocular rhabdomyosarcoma with genetic profiling.

Tungiasis infestation of dermis fat graft in an anophthalmic socket.

A patient with an anophthalmic socket with a dermis-fat graft (DFG) developed inflammation and a foul odour in the right socket. The DFG was surgically removed and Tungiasis infestation was detected. This is the first case to report Tungiasis infestation in a DFG in an anophthalmic socket.

Characteristics and management of congenital anophthalmos and microphthalmos at a tertiary eye hospital.

: The purpose of the study is to evaluate demographic data and outcomes of the management of congenital anophthalmia/microphthalmia. : This retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study evaluated patients with congenital anophthalmia/microphthalmia managed from 2004 to 2014 at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected on patient age, gender, cause, orbital status, laterality, systemic comorbidities, ocular evaluation, and management (type of surgery, type of orbital implant, and complications).

Primary mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit: Histopathological report of 3 pediatric cases.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MCS) is an unusual tumor mainly found in the skeleton. Around third of the cases occur in extra-skeletal sites with the orbit being the third most common site in these cases. In previous reviews of the orbital cases, it has been concluded that orbital MCS tends to occur in women in the second or third decades of life.

Isolated superior oblique muscle extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma: case report.

We describe a rare case of isolated extraocular muscle ocular adnexal lymphoma of a middle-aged female who presented with redness in the left eye associated with progressive proptosis over one year. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit indicated isolated enlargement of the left superior oblique (SO) muscle with an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of (0.77 ± 0.

Clinical, radiological and histopathological characteristics of surgically removed orbital hematic cysts: A case series.

Background: Hematic cyst is a rare orbital condition that has a wide range of clinical presentation and is characterized pathologically by lack of endothelial lining.

Purpose: To correlate clinical and radiological features of hematic cysts, to tissue diagnosis, and investigate the possible etiology behind this condition, its relation to trauma and other interesting histopathological findings.

Methods: Retrospective case series at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH) and King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) of all orbital lesions with tissue findings supporting the clinical and/or radiological diagnosis of hematic cyst.

Characterization of diffuse orbital mass using Apparent diffusion coefficient in 3-tesla MRI.

Purpose: To evaluate if the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) improves the diagnostic accuracy of diffuse orbital masses.

Materials And Methods: ADC DW-MRI was used to evaluate cases of diffuse orbital masses at our institution from 2000 to 2015. Lesions were grouped according to histopathologic diagnosis as, benign, pre-malignant and malignant.

Chronic Orbital Inflammation Associated to Hydroxyapatite Implants in Anophthalmic Sockets.

Purpose: We report 6 patients who received a hydroxyapatite (HA) orbital implant in the socket and developed chronic orbital inflammation unresponsive to conventional medical therapy.

Case Reports: We assisted 6 cases (4 males, 2 females) who received an HA orbital implant in the socket between 2015 and 2016 at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and developed chronic orbital inflammation with chronic discharge, redness, and pain (onset from weeks to over 2 decades after surgery). Computed tomography evaluation indicated inflammation in the orbital tissues, and histological examination showed a foreign body granulomatous reaction mainly localized around and blanching the HA implant.

Isolated bilateral congenital lacrimal gland agenesis - Report of two cases.

Congenital lacrimal gland agenesis, also called congenital alacrima, is a rare cause of dry eye and is characterized by aplasia or hypoplasia of lacrimal glands. We present two 5-year old children with congenital lacrimal gland agenesis. The two cases had the final diagnosis of isolated bilateral congenital lacrimal gland agenesis and we document the clinical aspects, treatment and present a literature review related to this rare condition.

Sensitivity of Computed Tomography for the Assessment of Spontaneous Dermoid Cyst Localized Rupture with Granulomatous Reaction.

Purpose: To assess the sensitivity of computed tomography for the diagnosis of spontaneous localized orbital dermoid cyst rupture with granulomatous reaction.

Methods: The charts of 42 patients with dermoid cysts were reviewed retrospectively. The data collected included demographics, clinical features, CT imaging, and postoperative histopathological analysis of the lesions.