Anti-Mullerian Hormone Induces Foxo1 and Sirt1 Genes Expression in Mouse Ovary.

Background: Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) plays a pivotal role in follicular growth and atresia. Recent studies highlighted the role of AMH in attenuating granulosa cell apoptosis and subsequent follicular atresia. Despite the raising understanding of the role of AMH in folliculogenesis, and its contribution to the pathophysiology of certain diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, the effect of AMH on the expression of genes regulating folliculogenesis is stills limited.

Contribution of glutathione peroxidase 1 (Pro200Leu) single nucleotide polymorphism and serum homocysteine levels in the risk of acute myocardial infarction in Egyptians.

Background: Oxidative stress is among the most common risk factors in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Glutathione peroxidase 1 enzyme coded by the GPX1 gene plays an essential role in reducing oxidative stress. Previous studies correlated the GPX1 (Pro200Leu) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with AMI incidence.

Association of manganese superoxide dismutase Ala16Val polymorphism in the incidence of acute myocardial infarction in the Egyptians.

Oxidative stress has been implicated in various diseases including atherosclerosis; the most common pathologic process underlying acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) antioxidant enzyme affords the major defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the mitochondria. MnSOD Alanine16Valine (A16V) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been shown to decrease MnSOD detoxification activity.

The Association of Fractalkine Receptor (T280M) Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Egyptian Population.

Background: Fractalkine (FKN) in its free and membrane bound-forms and its receptor CX3CR1are reported to have an atherosclerotic effect. The relationship of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in FKN and CX3CR1genes with the Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) risk showed conflicting results in different populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of CX3CR1 threonine 280 methionine (T280M) polymorphism in the predisposition of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) in Egyptians.

Association of Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein Taq IB Polymorphism With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Egyptian National Patients.

Background: The association between cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) Taq IB polymorphism and coronary artery disease (CAD) has been studied in different populations. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a group of clinical symptoms within acute myocardial ischemia, including unstable angina (UA) and myocardial infarction (MI). Because there are no data reported in the literature concerning the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) Taq IB polymorphism in Egyptians, our study aimed to investigate the frequency of different CETP Taq IB genotypes in Egyptian patients with ACS and in healthy control individuals.

Assessment of the link between endothelin K198n Snp, endothelin concentration and acute myocardial infarction in Egyptians.

The aim of the current study was to assess the link between EDN K198N SNP, ET-1 serum concentration and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Egyptians. The study cohort consisted of 84 patients at AMI onset and 84 age-matched healthy controls. Endothelin genotypes and concentrations were determined by sequencing and ELISA, respectively.

Investigation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression in hypothalamus of obese rats: Modulation by omega-3 fatty acids.

Purpose: The aim of this study was investigating the effect of omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FAs) on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression, using in vivo and in vitro models, to unravel the potential mechanisms of polyunsaturated fatty acids use in obesity.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-nine Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups; lean controls fed normal chow diet for 14 weeks, obese controls fed 60% of their diet as saturated fats for 14 weeks, and ω-3 FAs-treated rats fed 60% saturated fat diet for 14 weeks with concomitant oral administration of 400 mg/kg/day ω-3 FAs, mainly docosahexaenoic acid and EPA, from week 12 to week 14. For the in vitro experiment, hypothalamic cells from six obese rats were cultured in the presence of different concentrations of ω-3 FAs to determine its direct effect on BDNF expression.

Addressing the link between paraoxonase-1 gene variants and the incidence of early onset myocardial infarction.

Introduction: The enzyme paraoxonase-1 (PON1) represents an endogenous defense mechanism against vascular oxidative stress, thereby contributing to the prevention of atherosclerosis. Several polymorphisms have been reported in the PON1 gene, including Q192R. PON1 phenotype is commonly expressed as the paraoxonase/arylesterase ratio (PON/ARE).

C242T polymorphism of NADPH oxidase p22phox gene reduces the risk of coronary artery disease in a random sample of Egyptian population.

The p22phox protein subunit is essential for NADPH oxidase activity. The prevalence of C242T variants of p22phox gene was studied in 101 healthy Egyptian controls and 104 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Egyptian patients. Contribution of oxidative stress, represented by serum oxidized-LDL (ox-LDL), in development of AMI was also examined and correlated with C242T gene variants.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (G894T) gene polymorphism in a random sample of the Egyptian population: comparison with myocardial infarction patients.

Aim: The aim of this study was to detect endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) Glu298Asp gene variants in a random sample of the Egyptian population, compare it with those from other populations, and attempt to correlate these variants with serum levels of nitric oxide (NO). The association of eNOS genotypes or serum NO levels with the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was also examined.

Methods: One hundred one unrelated healthy subjects and 104 unrelated AMI patients were recruited randomly from the 57357 Hospital and intensive care units of El Demerdash Hospital and National Heart Institute, Cairo, Egypt.

Protective effect of L-arginine in experimentally induced myocardial ischemia: comparison with aspirin.

Objective: Coronary artery diseases including myocardial ischemia (MI) remain one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This study was designed to compare the protective effect of L-arginine versus aspirin from the biochemical changes associated with MI injury.

Experimental Design: Four groups of male New Zealand white rabbits were investigated.

Assessment of serum levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine and L-arginine in coronary artery disease.

Serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), L-arginine, and C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were assessed in 100 Egyptian male 35-50-year-old patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), classified into: patients under conservative medical treatment, patients directed for percutaneous coronary interventions, patients directed for coronary artery bypass graft operation and patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction. Age- and sex-matched controls (n=100) were included. Correlation between serum levels of biomarkers and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-2 (DDAH-2) genotypes was studied.