Synthesis of new-type, cost-effective and insensitive energetic materials nitration of solid bituminous hydrocarbons.

A global trend for the development of energetic materials using various sources is promoted by researchers annually. Solid bituminous hydrocarbons can play a key role in carbon science as abundant, low-cost, and mineral carbonaceous substrates. This study focuses on the design and synthesis of a series of new energetic materials from natural asphalt (NA), petroleum pitch (PP) and petroleum bitumen (PB) as industrial and available solid bituminous hydrocarbons.

Detection of chlorine in potassium chloride and potassium sulfateusing chemical imaging and artificial neural network.

Chlorine in potassium chloride and potassium sulfate must be detected due to its negative effect on soil. Although the laboratory-based chlorine measurement tests are reliable, they are time-consuming, expensive, and requires chemical agents and highly skilled operators. Therefore, the novelty of the present research is developing a fast, accurate, and cheap machine-based method to measure the amount of chlorine.

Preparation and catalytic application of two different nanocatalysts based on hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) in synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran and 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives.

The present study describes the synthesis, characterization, and investigation of catalytic activity of xanthine-Ni complex (Xa-Ni) and 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide-Cu complex (PTSC-Cu) incorporated into functionalized hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS/Pr-Xa-Ni and HMS/Pr-PTSC-Cu). These useful mesoporous catalysts had been synthesized and identified using various techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, adsorption-desorption of nitrogen, SEM, TEM, EDX-Map, TGA, AAS and ICP. These spectral techniques successfully confirmed the synthesis of the mesoporous catalysts.