Mitigating candidiasis with acarbose by targeting Candida albicans α-glucosidase: in-silico, in-vitro and transcriptomic approaches.

Biofilm-associated candidiasis poses a significant challenge in clinical settings due to the limited effectiveness of existing antifungal treatments. The challenges include increased pathogen virulence, multi-drug resistance, and inadequate penetration of antimicrobials into biofilm structures. One potential solution to this problem involves the development of novel drugs that can modulate fungal virulence and biofilm formation, which is essential for pathogenesis.

Revisiting ESKAPE Pathogens: virulence, resistance, and combating strategies focusing on quorum sensing.

The human-bacterial association is long-known and well-established in terms of both augmentations of human health and attenuation. However, the growing incidents of nosocomial infections caused by the ESKAPE pathogens (, , , , , and sp.) call for a much deeper understanding of these organisms.

Emergence of persister cells in : calculated or fortuitous move?

A stable but reversible phenotype switch from normal to persister state is advantageous to the intracellular pathogens to cause recurrent infections and to evade the host immune system. is a versatile opportunistic pathogen known to cause chronic infections with significant mortality. One of the notable features is the ability to switch to a per-sisters cell, which is found in planktonic and biofilm states.

Design, dynamic docking, synthesis, and validation of a novel DNA gyrase B inhibitor.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-intermediate-resistant (VRSA) are among the WHO's high priority pathogens. Among these two, MRSA is the most globally documented pathogen that necessitates the pressing demand for new classes of anti-MRSA drugs. Bacterial gyrase targeted therapeutics are unique strategies to overcome cross-resistance as they are present only in bacteria and absent in higher eukaryotes.

Hidden agenda of lifestyle transition: planktonic to sessile state.

, a human gastrointestinal tract commensal, is known to cause nosocomial infections. Interestingly, the pathogen's host colonization and persistent infections are possibly linked to its lifestyle changes from planktonic to sessile state. Also, the multidrug resistance and survival fitness acquired in the sessile stage of has challenged treatment regimes.

Photoluminescence-Based Bioassay With Cysteamine-Capped TiO Nanoparticles for the Selective Recognition of -Acyl Homoserine Lactones.

Currently available diagnostic procedures for infections are laborious and time-consuming, resulting in a substantial financial burden by increasing morbidity, increased costs of hospitalization, and mortality. Therefore, innovative approaches to design diagnostic biomarkers are imperative to assist in the rapid and sensitive diagnosis of microbial infections. Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are ubiquitous bacterial signaling molecules that are found to be significantly upregulated in infected sites.

Development of an Antibiotic Resistance Breaker to Resensitize Drug-Resistant : and Approach.

Efflux pumps are one of the predominant microbial resistant mechanisms leading to the development of multidrug resistance. In , overexpression of NorA protein enables the efflux of antibiotics belonging to the class of fluoroquinolones and, thus, makes resistant. Hence, NorA efflux pumps are being extensively exploited as the potential drug target to evade bacterial resistance and resensitize bacteria to the existing antibiotics.

Exploring the anti-caries properties of baicalin against : an study.

Plant-derived molecules are excellent alternatives to antibiotics as anti-infective agents owing to their minimal cytotoxicity. Herein, the anti-infective property of the hydroxyflavone baicalin, was investigated against biofilms of the key dental caries pathogen . Baicalin inhibited sucrose-dependent biofilm formation at a concentration of 500 µg ml without affecting bacterial growth.

Baicalein Inhibits Biofilms and Dental Caries-Related Virulence Phenotypes.

Dental caries, the most common oral disease, is a major public healthcare burden and affects more than three billion people worldwide. The contemporary understanding of the need for a healthy microbiome and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has resulted in an urgent need to identify compounds that curb the virulence of pathobionts without microbial killing. Through this study, we have demonstrated for the first time that 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone (Baicalein) significantly downregulates crucial caries-related virulence phenotypes in .

Reciprocal Cooperation of Type A Procyanidin and Nitrofurantoin Against Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) UPEC: A pH-Dependent Study.

Uropathogenic (UPEC) accounts for the majority of complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infections. The use of phytomolecules in the treatment of UTI is fast gaining attention. The current report identifies a multidrug-resistant strain (QSLUPEC7), which is a strong biofilm producer, among the considered clinical isolates.

A photoluminescence biosensor for the detection of N-acyl homoserine lactone using cysteamine functionalized ZnO nanoparticles for the early diagnosis of urinary tract infections.

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a recurrent infection that requires timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Conventional urinalysis methods are laborious and time-consuming, and lack sensitivity and specificity. In this context, photoluminescence (PL)-based biosensors have gained more attention due to their fast response time, and enhanced sensitivity and specificity.

A polymer-based anti-quorum catheter coating to challenge MDR Staphylococcus aureus: in vivo and in vitro approaches.

Background: MDR Staphylococcus aureus is a major aetiological agent of catheter-associated infections. A quorum sensing targeted drug development approach proves to be an effective alternative strategy to combat such infections.

Methods: Intravenous catheters were coated with polymethacrylate copolymers loaded with the antivirulent compound 2-[(methylamino)methyl]phenol (2MAMP).

Photophysical studies on curcumin-sophorolipid nanostructures: applications in quorum quenching and imaging.

Sophorolipid biosurfactants are biodegradable, less toxic and FDA approved. The purified acidic form of sophorolipid is stimuli-responsive with self-assembling properties and used for solubilizing hydrophobic drugs. This study encapsulated curcumin (CU) with acidic sophorolipid (ASL) micelles and analysed using photophysical studies like UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC).

Modulating the Global Response Regulator, LuxO of Quorum Sensing System Using a Pyrazine Dicarboxylic Acid Derivative (PDCA): An Antivirulence Approach.

is a Gram-negative pathogen which causes acute diarrhoeal disease, cholera by the expression of virulence genes through quorum sensing (QS) mechanism. The QS circuit of is controlled by the global quorum regulator, LuxO, which at low cell density (LCD) state produces major virulence factors such as, toxin co-regulated pilus (TCP) and cholera toxin (CT) to mediate infection. On the contrary, at the high cell density (HCD) state the virulent genes are downregulated and the vibrios are detached from the host intestinal epithelial cells, promoted by HapA protease.

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Potential of Acyclic Amines and Diamines against Multi-Drug Resistant .

Multi-drug resistant (MDRSA) remains a great challenge despite a decade of research on antimicrobial compounds against their infections. In the present study, various acyclic amines and diamines were chemically synthesized and tested for their antimicrobial as well as antibiofilm activity against MDRSA. Among all the synthesized compounds, an acyclic diamine, (2,2'-((butane-1,4-diylbis(azanediyl)bis(methylene))diphenol) designated as ADM 3, showed better antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration at 50 μg/mL) and antibiofilm activity (MBIC at 5 μg/mL).