Assessment of the mixed origin of the gastric epithelial extracellular vesicles in acellular transfer of Helicobacter pylori toxins and a systematic review.

Background: H. pylori are generally considered as extracellular organisms, with exclusive colonization of the gastric milieu. Yet, several extra gastric manifestations are associated with this infection.

In silico approach to probe the binding affinity between OMVs harboring the Z affibody and the EGF receptor.

There is a growing interest in designing a nanocarrier containing an EGFR targeting affibody to direct toward cancer cells. Here, cytolysin A was cloned at the N-terminus of Z affibody to guarantee its surface presentation on the OMVs while targeting the epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs). A separate construct including a fusogenic peptide (GALA) was also designed for the endosomal escape of the nanocarrier.

The 40-Hz White Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Improves the Structure-Function of the Brain Mitochondrial KATP Channel and Respiratory Chain Activities in Amyloid Beta Toxicity.

It has been described that using noninvasive exposure to 40-Hz white light LED reduces amyloid-beta, a peptide thought to initiate neurotoxic events in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms remain to be identified. Since AD impairs mitochondrial potassium channels and respiratory chain activity, the objectives of the current study were to determine the effect of 40-Hz white light LED on structure-function of mitoK channel and brain mitochondrial respiratory chain activity, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ΔΨ in AD.

, A New Potential Tumor Marker for Early Diagnosis and Predicting of Breast Cancer Progression.

Background & Objective: This study examined the potential of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) as a marker in early diagnosis or as a prognostic factor for breast cancer (BC) patients.

Methods: A total of 31 patients diagnosed with BC were enrolled in the study between 2008 and 2018. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HE4 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the BC tissue and the non-tumoral adjacent tissue.

Analysis of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene mutations in Iranian patients with Gaucher disease.

Objectives: Gaucher disease (GD) is the most common autosomal recessive disorder of glycolipid storage. It results from mutations in the glucocerebrosidase () gene and leads to GBA deficiency. Different mutations are associated with different phenotypes in the three major types of GD.

Evaluation of autoantibodies against vimentin and α-enolase in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is categorized as an autoimmune disease with a frequency of 0.2-1% worldwide. It is reported that various autoantibodies are produced in the RA population, particularly against citrullinated peptides.

Intranasal insulin improves the structure-function of the brain mitochondrial ATP-sensitive Ca activated potassium channel and respiratory chain activities under diabetic conditions.

Although it is well established that diabetes impairs mitochondrial respiratory chain activity, little is known of the effects of intranasal insulin (INI) on the mitochondrial respiratory chain and structure-function of mitoBK channel in diabetes. We have investigated this mechanism in an STZ-induced early type 2 diabetic model. Single ATP-sensitive mitoBK channel activity was considered in diabetic and INI-treated rats using a channel incorporated into the bilayer lipid membrane.

A new brain mitochondrial sodium-sensitive potassium channel: effect of sodium ions on respiratory chain activity.

We have determined the electropharmacological properties of a new potassium channel from brain mitochondrial membrane using a planar lipid bilayer method. Our results show the presence of a channel with a conductance of 150 pS at potentials between 0 and -60 mV in 200 mM /50 mM KCl solutions. The channel was voltage independent, with an open probability value of approximately 0.

A preliminary computational outputs versus experimental results: Application of sTRAP, a biophysical tool for the analysis of SNPs of transcription factor-binding sites.

Background: In the human genome, the transcription factors (TFs) and transcription factor-binding sites (TFBSs) network has a great regulatory function in the biological pathways. Such crosstalk might be affected by the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which could create or disrupt a TFBS, leading to either a disease or a phenotypic defect. Many computational resources have been introduced to predict the TFs binding variations due to SNPs inside TFBSs, sTRAP being one of them.

Assessment of trace elements in serum of acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemia patients.

Aim: Trace elements play a key role in human metabolism. The aim of the present study was to measure essential trace elements in the serum of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Materials And Methods: 32 patients with ALL and 16 patients with AML were studied.

Adenosine Deaminase 1 as a Biomarker for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is known as the most prevalent pediatric malignancy all around the world. Identification of specific biomarker is necessary for early diagnosis and effective therapy. It is believed that Adenosine deaminase (ADA) as an enzyme involved in the purine salvage pathway increases in ALL patients.

Adenosine Deaminase Activity and HLA-DRB as Diagnostic Markers for Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic multi systemic disorder with the unclarified ethiopathology. Although several markers have been presented for recognition of RA, but none of them has been specific. New markers such as HLA typing and activity of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) isoenzymes could be useful and specific.

Electro-pharmacological profiles of two brain mitoplast anion channels: Inferences from single channel recording.

We have characterized the conduction and blocking properties of two different chloride channels from brain mitochondrial inner membranes after incorporation into planar lipid bilayers. Our experiments revealed the existence of channels with a mean conductance of 158 ± 7 and 301 ± 8 pS in asymmetrical 200 mM cis/50 mM trans KCl solutions. We determined that the channels were ten times more permeable for Cl than for K, calculated from the reversal potential using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation.

α-Bisabolol inhibits Aspergillus fumigatus Af239 growth via affecting microsomal ∆-sterol methyltransferase as a crucial enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis pathway.

Finding new compounds with antifungal properties is an important task due to the side effects of common antifungal drugs and emerging antifungal resistance in fungal strains. ∆-sterol methyltransferase (24-SMT) is a crucial enzyme that plays important roles in fungal ergosterol biosynthesis pathway and is not found in humans. In the present study, the effects of α-bisabolol on Aspergillus fumigatus Af239 growth and ergosterol synthesis on the base of 24-SMT enzyme activity were studied; in addition, the expression of erg6, the gene encoded 24-SMT, was considered.

Diagnostic Value of Adenosine Deaminase and Its Isoforms in Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

. In the present study, we have investigated the activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) as a diagnostic marker in type 2 (or II) diabetes mellitus (T2DM). .

Evidence for a KATP Channel in Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (rerKATP Channel) of Rat Hepatocytes.

We report in a previous study the presence of a large conductance K+ channel in the membrane of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) from rat hepatocytes incorporated into lipid bilayers. Channel activity in this case was found to decrease in presence of ATP 100 µM on the cytoplasmic side and was totally inhibited at ATP concentrations greater than 0.25 mM.

Brain mitochondrial ATP-insensitive large conductance Ca⁺²-activated K⁺ channel properties are altered in a rat model of amyloid-β neurotoxicity.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of amyloid-beta (Aβ)-induced neuronal toxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanism of how Aβ affects mitochondrial function remains uncertain. Because mitochondrial potassium channels have been involved in several mitochondrial functions including cytoprotection, apoptosis and calcium homeostasis, a study was undertaken to investigate whether the gating behavior of the mitochondrial ATP- and ChTx-insensitive-IbTx-sensitive Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel (mitoBKCa) is altered in a rat model of Aβ neurotoxicity.

Cell culture extraction and purification of rabies virus nucleoprotein.

Background: Rabies is a major zoonotic viral disease and is detected using the World Health Organization standard diagnostic techniques. Rabies detection is preferably done using the fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) that provides reliable diagnosis with almost 100% accuracy for all variant strains, if a proper conjugate is used. Rabies virus nucleoprotein (NP) is the most important protein used in production of a specific diagnostic conjugate.

Impairment of brain mitochondrial charybdotoxin- and ATP-insensitive BK channel activities in diabetes.

Existing evidence indicates an impairment of mitochondrial functions and alterations in potassium channel activities in diabetes. Because mitochondrial potassium channels have been involved in several mitochondrial functions including cytoprotection, apoptosis and calcium homeostasis, a study was carried out to consider whether the gating behavior of the mitochondrial ATP- and ChTx-insensitive Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel (mitoBKCa) is altered in a streptozotocin (STZ) model of diabetes. Using ion channel incorporation of brain mitochondrial inner membrane into the bilayer lipid membrane, we provide in this work evidence for modifications of the mitoBKCa ion permeation properties with channels from vesicles preparations coming from diabetic rats characterized by a significant decrease in conductance.

Gating behavior of endoplasmic reticulum potassium channels of rat hepatocytes in diabetes.

Background: Defects in endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis are common occurrences in different diseases, such as diabetes, in which the function of endoplasmic reticulum is disrupted. It is now well established that ion channels of endoplasmic reticulum membrane have a critical role in endoplasmic reticulum luminal homeostasis. Our previous studies showed the presence of an ATP-sensitive cationic channel in endoplasmic reticulum.

Physico-chemical analysis of drinking groundwater of around Tehran by seasonal variation.

This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study and done in four seasons during April 2011 to March 2012.The objective of the present study was to examine Physico-chemical properties of groundwater around Tehran. The results are also compared with the guideline values of Iranian legislation.

Culture of Borrelia persica and its flagellar antigen in vitro.

Borrelia persica is a strain seen only in the Middle East and responsible for relapsing fever. These spirochetes are notable for multiphasic antigenic variation of polymorphic outer membrane lipoproteins, a phenomenon responsible for immune evasion. Diagnosis of the disease is a problem and requires a fixed antigen like the flagellar antigen.

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane potassium channel dysfunction in high fat diet induced stress in rat hepatocytes.

In a previous study we reported the presence of a large conductance K(+) channel in the membrane of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) from rat hepatocytes. The channel open probability (Po) appeared voltage dependent and reached to a minimum 0.2 at +50 mV.

Influenza virosome/DNA vaccine complex as a new formulation to induce intra-subtypic protection against influenza virus challenge.

Influenza virosome is one of the commercially available vaccines that have been used for a number of years. Like other influenza vaccines, the efficacy of the virosomal vaccine is significantly compromised when circulating viruses do not have a good match with vaccine strains due to antigenic drift or less frequent emergence of a pandemic virus. A major advantage of virosome over other influenza vaccine platforms is its intrinsic adjuvant activity and potential carrier capability which have been exploited in this study to broaden vaccine protectivity by incorporating a conserved component of influenza virus in seasonal vaccine formulation.

Modulation of the hepatocyte rough endoplasmic reticulum single chloride channel by nucleotide-Mg2+ interaction.

The effect of nucleotides on single chloride channels derived from rat hepatocyte rough endoplasmic reticulum vesicles incorporated into bilayer lipid membrane was investigated. The single chloride channel currents were measured in 200/50 mmol/l KCl cis/trans solutions. Adding 2.