Validation of the Nurse Practitioner Knowledge and Attitudes of Patient Obesity Scale: A pilot study.

Background: Obesity is a chronic, complex, relapsing disease requiring medical intervention that has reached epidemic proportions globally. Most patients are still experiencing bias and stigma related to their disease-even by health care providers. Our goal in this pilot study is twofold: to develop a scale to accurately measure nurse practitioner knowledge and attitude regarding the disease of obesity to determine whether bias exists and to potentially identify gaps in knowledge that can be targeted with future educational interventions.

Enhancing point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) utilization in primary care: A thyroid POCUS training course for internal medicine residents.

Background: POCUS is valuable in primary care, yet outpatient-specific point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) curriculum integration into internal medicine (IM) residency is limited. We addressed this gap by developing a thyroid POCUS workshop for IM residents.

Aim: Develop and implement an educational curriculum to integrate thyroid POCUS into an IM residency program and evaluate the impact on resident knowledge, perceived skills, and attitudes.

Measurement structures of hope: A review of single-factor and two-factor models across hope scales.

Snyder's theory of hope has been a cornerstone of hope research for over four decades. The original theory conceptualized hope as a two-factor model representing agency and pathways, however, recent studies have suggested a single-factor model may be the best fit for hope instruments. This has become more apparent as hope scales have been translated into different languages, across different cultures, and examining new domains.