Market and Non-Market Productivity Losses Associated with Invasive Meningococcal Disease in the USA.

Background And Objective: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an uncommon but serious disease associated with a risk of death and severe long-term sequelae, impacting both patients and their caregivers. Productivity losses due to IMD have not previously been comprehensively evaluated in the USA. This study evaluated both market and non-market productivity losses to better estimate the economic burden of IMD in the USA.

(3)-obscurolide A: a new obscurolide from SA-7 isolated from soil of the North Western Himalayas.

A new obscurolide, (3 )-obscurolide A () and four previously identified metabolites streptalbonin F (), chartreusin (), TAN 1364B () and streptalbonin G () were isolated from SA-7, obtained from soil of the North Western Himalayas. The structure of new compound (3 )-obscurolide A () was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS, while the known compounds (-) were identified by comparing their spectral data with the literature. Notably, chartreusin () is a well-known antimicrobial agent with broad-spectrum activity, while the other compounds had been reported to display moderate antimicrobial effects against various test strains.

Yeast cells experience chronological life span extension under prolonged glucose starvation.

Budding yeast, is an ideal model organism for genetic research due to its similarity in life cycle and cellular structure to higher eukaryotes as well as its ease of cultivation and manipulation in the laboratory. Yeast cells benefit from being cultured in calorie-restricted media, which can be achieved by reducing glucose concentration from 2 % to 0.5 %.

Molecular insights into the antineoplastic potential of apigenin and its derivatives: paving the way for nanotherapeutic innovations.

Introduction: Apigenin, a widely distributed bioactive flavonoid, has recently gained excellent attention among researchers as an effective anticancer drug that can alternate cancer signaling pathways, induce programmed cell death, and reduce tumor growth in various cancer types. Despite its impressive anti-neoplastic activity, high hydrophobicity and nonspecific biodistribution make apigenin difficult for pharmaceutical application.

Areas Covered: We highlighted the therapeutic potential of apigenin and its derivatives in different cancer types, along with their mechanism of action.

Targeted heart rate control using the funny current inhibitor ivabradine to reduce morbidity in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: study protocol for a phase 2a, triple-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial.

Background: Myocardial injury is strongly associated with excess morbidity and mortality after noncardiac surgery. Higher heart rate may result in perioperative myocardial injury through demand-supply mismatch. Alternatively, higher heart rates may reflect autonomic dysfunction that promotes myocardial injury independently of heart rate.

Clinical characterisation, treatment outcomes, and case fatality risk of patients with different SARS-CoV-2 variants in Bangladesh.

Background: Bangladesh underwent four waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Analysing them is essential for understanding changes in viral behaviour, disease patterns, severity, and response to treatment. Nevertheless, data are scarce in low- and middle-income countries.

Network Analysis Reveals Protein Modules Associated with Childhood Respiratory Diseases.

Background: The first year of life represents a dynamic immune development period that impacts the risk of developing respiratory-related diseases, including asthma, recurrent infections, and eczema. However, the role of immune-mediating proteins in childhood respiratory diseases is not well characterized in early life.

Methods: We applied weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to derive modules of highly correlated proteins during early life immune development using plasma samples collected from children at age 1 year (N=294) in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART).

Investigating the Cytoprotective Effect of Syzygium aromaticum and Elettaria cardamomum in Arsenic-Induced Toxicity in the HCT-116 Cell Model: A Luminesce-Based Study.

Arsenic is a highly menacing environmental pollutant that substantially affects the quality of life, even in traces. It develops various diseases through increasing intracellular ROS that interacts with vital organs. Chelation therapy is currently recommended for arsenic toxicity.

Mechanistic approach and therapeutic strategies in menstrual and non-menstrual migraine.

Migraine is a common condition that can cause intense headaches, often on one side of the head, along with symptoms like nausea and sensitivity to light and sound. These headaches can be triggered by various factors, including stress, changes in hormones, sleep disturbances, diet, and even gut health. Migraines are more frequent in women, particularly those under 45, and this may be linked to hormones.

Association between high-risk human papillomavirus and cervico-vaginal infections in tribal women screened for cervical precancers and cancers in Maharashtra, India: A cross-sectional study.

Background The vaginal microenvironment is thought to impact infection and persistence of the human papillomavirus which is a necessity for cervical carcinogenesis. Tribal women are at risk for human papillomavirus and cervicovaginal infections due to polygamy, poor hygiene, and illiteracy. Aims We evaluated the association of common cervico-vaginal infections with human papillomavirus infection and cervical precancers among the tribal women of Dahanu taluka, Maharashtra, India.

Treadmill exercise mitigates rotenone-induced neuroinflammation and α-synuclein level in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting 7-10 million people globally. It presents with motor symptoms like bradykinesia, tremors, rigidity, and postural instability, along with non-motor issues such as anxiety and mood fluctuations. PD is characterized by the progressive loss of nigrostriatal neurons, α-synuclein protein aggregation, reduced tyrosine hydroxylase level, and impaired dopamine signaling.

Auditory Cognitive Impairment Reflects Source Localization of the P300 ERP Component in MBI Patients: The sLORETA Investigation.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the differences between the source localization of the P300 event-related potential (ERP) component among the healthy and mild brain injury (MBI) patient population using standardized low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA).

Methods: Thirty-eight participants were divided into control (n = 19) and MBI (n = 19) groups. Control participants were normal, healthy people, and participants with MBI were assigned into two groups: MBI 1st Test (7 days after a road traffic accident (RTA)) and MBI 2nd Test (2-6 months after RTA with the same participants of the 1st Test group).

In-vivo investigation of root extract of Paederia foetida Linn. on the reproductive functions of female albino mice and in-silico validation with Human estrogen receptors.

Ethnic Mising women of North East India uses dried root of P.foetida for fertility regulation. However, there is no scientific literature regarding female reproductive concerns so far.

Use of ash filtrate as an alternative to chemical disinfectant and its antimicrobial efficacy.

Objective: The study aims to prepare the ash filtrate (AF) from household ashes using an in-house-designed handmade filtration system and to observe the antimicrobial efficacy and sanitizing effects.

Materials And Methods: Household ashes from various plant sources were collected, and AF was prepared through a handmade filtration system after adding water. The pH of stock AF was measured, and 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% AF solutions were prepared by adding distilled water in appropriate proportions to obtain a wide range of pH values.

Enhancing Galantamine Distribution in Rat Brain Using Microplasma-Assisted Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery.

Nose-to-brain (N2B) drug delivery is a promising technique for the treatment of brain diseases. It allows a drug to enter the brain without passing through the blood-brain barrier. However, the nasal cavity and nasal mucosa can restrict the amount of drug absorbed.

Fluoride-induced Neurodevelopmental Toxicity- AMPK as a Possible Target.

Inorganic fluoride is widely used in dental practices to treat problems like dental caries and prevent bone-related issues. Exposure to excess amounts of fluoride both through drinking water or other sources impairs vital functions of the body and can prove to be toxic, especially for the central nervous system. Sodium fluoride (NaF) crosses the blood-brain barrier in early developmental stages and causes impairments related to learning and memory, anxiety, decreased locomotor ability, and in some cases, depression-like behaviour, especially in children.

Potential toxic elements in surface water of Mokosh Beel, Gazipur, Bangladesh: Ecological and human health risk assessment for recreational users.

Mokosh Beel, a significant wetland in Bangladesh, is increasingly impacted by industrial effluents, leading to potential ecological and human health risks. This study evaluates the surface water quality of Mokosh Beel by analyzing both physicochemical parameters (pH, DO, EC, TDS, and salinity) and the concentrations of potential toxic elements (PTEs) (i.e.

Global epidemiology of HIV among dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

HIV transmission and infection among dialysis patients have become a major healthcare concern and a rising threat throughout the world. Our current systematic review and meta-analysis targeted to determine the global epidemiologic state of HIV infection among dialysis patients. Three online databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect were searched for eligible studies using specific keywords.

Evidence of rapid rise in population immunity from SARS-CoV-2 subclinical infections through pre-vaccination serial serosurveys in Pakistan.

Background: Understanding factors associated with protective immunity against emerging viral infections is crucial for global health. Pakistan reported its first COVID-19 case on 26 February 2020, but experienced relatively low COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality between 2020 and 2022. The underlying reasons for this remain unclear, and our research aims to shed light on this crucial issue.

Association of opportunistic bacterial pathogens with female infertility: A case-control study.

Aim: Infertility affects a significant proportion of women worldwide, and the colonization of certain vaginal pathogens has been suggested as a possible contributing factor. To explore the relationship between bacterial pathogens and female infertility, a case-control study was conducted involving 55 infertile women as cases and 5 fertile women as controls.

Method: Conventional culture-based techniques and biochemical assays followed by 16S rDNA sequence analysis were employed for the identification of vaginal isolates from the two groups.

Upregulation of Na/H Exchanger in Astrogliosis and Early Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis.

Reactive astrogliosis has been indicated as one of the earliest pathological biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology. We previously reported that upregulation of the Na/H exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) protein in reactive astrocytes contributes to neuroinflammation and cognitive function deficits in murine models of ischemic stroke and vascular stenosis. In this study, we utilized AD human post-mortem and APP/PS1dE9 (APP) transgenic mouse brain tissues to determine whether NHE1 upregulation in astrocytes is associated with AD pathogenesis.

Sustainable antimicrobial formulations: vitamin-E based emulsions stabilized by plant-derived saponin from .

The present study reports the formulation, characterization and antimicrobial studies of a stable vitamin-E-based o/w emulsion with saponin extracted from . Saponins are plant-based natural surfactants and emulsifiers exhibiting antimicrobial activities against different fungi and bacteria. By embracing the gentle and natural profile of saponins, we can harness their potential benefits to ensure safer and sustainable developments.

Frequency stability improvement in EV-integrated power systems using optimized fuzzy-sliding mode control and real-time validation.

The rapid growth in power demand, integration of renewable energy sources (RES), and intermittent uncertainties have significantly challenged the stability and reliability of interconnected power systems. The integration of electric vehicles (EVs), with their bidirectional power flow, further exacerbates the frequency fluctuation in the power system. So, to mitigate the frequency & power deviations as well as to stabilize the power system integrated with distributed generators (DGs) and EVs, robust & intelligent control strategies are indispensable.

University Students' Sociodemographics, Physical Inactivity, and Inadequate and Poor-Quality Sleep Are Associated With Their Overweight/Obesity: Findings From a Case-Control Study in Bangladesh.

Background And Aims: Evidence confirms a high prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among university students in Bangladesh. The primary objective of this case-control study was to examine the association between overweight/obesity and sleep patterns (including sleep duration and quality) among university students in Bangladesh. The secondary objective was to identify the sociodemographic and lifestyle-related factors that predict overweight/obesity in the study population.

Cultural variation in trust and acceptability of artificial intelligence diagnostics for dementia.

Digital health innovations hold diagnostic and therapeutic promise but may be subject to biases for underrepresented groups. We explored perceptions of using artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostics for dementia through a focus group as part of the Automated Brain Image Analysis for Timely and Equitable Dementia Diagnosis (ABATED) study. Qualitative feedback from a diverse public engagement group indicated that cultural variations in trust and acceptability of AI diagnostics may be an unrecognised source of real-world inequity.