Revisiting Injectable Estrogen Dosing Recommendations for Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy.

Injectable estrogens are options for gender-affirming hormone therapy per guidelines, which suggest intramuscular dosages of 5-30 mg every 2 weeks or 2-10 mg weekly with estradiol cypionate or valerate interchangeably. Data among transgender and gender-diverse patients are limited due to local unavailability and concerns around laboratory assay variability and estradiol (E2) level fluctuation. We note a concerning trend where patients are prescribed high-dose injections based on the guidelines leading to serum E2 levels well above the range recommended in the same guidelines.

Examining the Influence of the Route of Administration and Dose of Estradiol on Serum Estradiol and Testosterone Levels in Feminizing Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy.

Introduction: Individuals may seek gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) to align their physical appearance with their gender identity. Feminizing GAHT typically involves the use of estrogen. This study investigates the effect of route of administration (ROA) and dose of estradiol on estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels in transfeminine individuals.

Genomics 2 Proteins portal: a resource and discovery tool for linking genetic screening outputs to protein sequences and structures.

Recent advances in AI-based methods have revolutionized the field of structural biology. Concomitantly, high-throughput sequencing and functional genomics have generated genetic variants at an unprecedented scale. However, efficient tools and resources are needed to link disparate data types-to 'map' variants onto protein structures, to better understand how the variation causes disease, and thereby design therapeutics.

Evaluating the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Transfeminine and Gender Diverse People: A Retrospective Analysis.

Objective: The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) with feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy is an area of concern. This analysis aimed to assess whether gender-affirming hormone therapy and other potential risk factors are associated with VTE in transfeminine and gender diverse individuals.

Methods: We conducted a chart review of 2126 transfeminine and gender diverse adults receiving care within a large urban health system.

Mapping MAVE data for use in human genomics applications.

The large-scale experimental measures of variant functional assays submitted to MaveDB have the potential to provide key information for resolving variants of uncertain significance, but the reporting of results relative to assayed sequence hinders their downstream utility. The Atlas of Variant Effects Alliance mapped multiplexed assays of variant effect data to human reference sequences, creating a robust set of machine-readable homology mappings. This method processed approximately 2.

Hematospermia in a Transgender Woman with Evidence for Endometrial Tissue in the Prostate.

Background/objective: The frequency of hematospermia in transgender women is unknown. This report aimed to describe the development of hematospermia in a transgender woman.

Case Report: A 35-year-old transgender woman treated with estradiol valerate and leuprolide presented with painless rust-tinged ejaculate, urethral bleeding after ejaculation, and intermittent hematuria.

The Use of Injectable Estradiol in Transgender and Gender Diverse Adults: A Scoping Review of Dose and Serum Estradiol Levels.

Objective: Feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy is the mainstay of treatment for many transgender and gender diverse people. Injectable estradiol preparations are recommended by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care 8 and the Endocrine Society guidelines. Many patients prefer this route of administration, but few studies have rigorously assessed optimal dosing or route.

Corrigendum to "Hormone therapy in transgender adults is safe with provider supervision; A review of hormone therapy sequelae for transgender individuals" [J. JCTE 2 (2015) 55-60].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.

Estimate and needs of the transgender adult population: the SPoT study.

Background: Despite the increasing interest in transgender health research, to date little is known about the size of the transgender and gender diverse (TGD) population.

Methods: A web-based questionnaire survey was developed, including a collection of socio-demographic characteristics and disseminated online through social media. Gender incongruence was evaluated by using a 2-item approach assessing gender recorded at birth and gender identity.

Family Building in Transgender Patients: Modern Strategies with Assisted Reproductive Technology Treatment.

Purpose: Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals continue to face adversity, stigma, and inequality, especially in health care. This study aimed to characterize the experience of TGD people and partners of TGD people with regard to fertility treatment.

Methods: All TGD patients presenting to a single academic center between 2013 and 2021 were included.

Genomics 2 Proteins portal: A resource and discovery tool for linking genetic screening outputs to protein sequences and structures.

Recent advances in AI-based methods have revolutionized the field of structural biology. Concomitantly, high-throughput sequencing and functional genomics technologies have enabled the detection and generation of variants at an unprecedented scale. However, efficient tools and resources are needed to link these two disparate data types - to "map" variants onto protein structures, to better understand how the variation causes disease and thereby design therapeutics.

Gender-affirming care and endocrine-related cancers.

Abstract: With the increasing number of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals who are seeking gender-affirming care, there is a clear need for the development and collection of evidence-based data to establish guidelines for patient care. TGD individuals are estimated to represent 0.3 to 4.

Erythrocytosis Is Rare With Exogenous Testosterone in Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy.

Context: Studies have found a variable incidence of erythrocytosis among people using testosterone as part of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT).

Objective: To examine the effect of using exogenous testosterone as GAHT on hematocrit in a large North American cohort.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of testosterone and hematocrit laboratory values in 6670 patients who were prescribed testosterone through Plume, a national provider of GAHT.

How Should a Transgender Patient's History of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Smoking Influence Gender-Affirming Health Decision Sharing?

This commentary on a case considers a transgender patient's mental health and risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in ethical decision making about feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). Key considerations when beginning GAHT include recognizing that venous thromboembolism risk may only be modest and can be easily mitigated and that a transgender patient's mental health status should not weigh in a treatment decision about hormone therapy any more than it would for someone who is not transgender. Because the DVT risk of the case patient, who has a history of smoking and DVT, will only be increased modestly if at all by estrogen therapy and can be decreased through smoking cessation along with other DVT prevention methods, the patient should receive gender-affirming hormone therapy.

Sexual health and treatment-related sexual dysfunction in sexual and gender minorities with prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer treatment has substantial effects on sexual health and function. Sexual function is a vital aspect of human health and a critical component of cancer survivorship, and understanding the potential effects of different treatment modalities on sexual health is crucial. Existing research has extensively described the effects of treatment on male erectile tissues necessary for heterosexual intercourse; however, evidence regarding their effects on sexual health and function in sexual and gender minority populations is minimal.

Endocrine Health and Health Care Disparities in the Pediatric and Sexual and Gender Minority Populations: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement.

Endocrine care of pediatric and adult patients continues to be plagued by health and health care disparities that are perpetuated by the basic structures of our health systems and research modalities, as well as policies that impact access to care and social determinants of health. This scientific statement expands the Society's 2012 statement by focusing on endocrine disease disparities in the pediatric population and sexual and gender minority populations. These include pediatric and adult lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and asexual (LGBTQIA) persons.

Trends in Feminizing Hormone Therapy for Transgender Patients, 2006-2017.

Combination therapy with estrogen and spironolactone may help some transgender women achieve desired results. We used two databases, OptumLabs Data Warehouse (OLDW) and Veterans Health Administration (VHA), to examine trends in feminizing therapy. We included 3368 transgender patients from OLDW and 3527 from VHA, all of whom received estrogen, spironolactone, or both between 2006 and 2017.

Cancer in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Persons: A Review.

Importance: Transgender and gender-diverse individuals face unique challenges, including barriers to health care access and inequities in treatment, that may influence cancer risk and outcomes.

Observations: In this narrative review, a scoping review was conducted focusing on primary and secondary prevention and epidemiology of cancer, barriers to health care services, and health care practitioners' knowledge about specific issues pertaining to transgender and gender-diverse individuals. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase, were reviewed for citations from their inception to December 31, 2021.

The return of spermatogenesis in transgender women ceasing gender-affirming hormone therapy.

Fertility has become a priority in transgender health research. In this issue of Cell Reports Medicine, a study by de Nie et al. of nine transgender women demonstrates sperm production after the cessation of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT).

The Mount Sinai Interdisciplinary Approach to Perioperative Care Improved the Patient Experience for Transgender Individuals.

Purpose: Although medical care for transgender and gender nonbinary (TGNB) individuals is rapidly expanding, numerous gaps in the organization of quality care for TGNB individuals remain. In 2018, the Mount Sinai Center for Transgender Medicine and Surgery (CTMS) expanded its unified care approach to integrate services with an interdisciplinary inpatient team for surgical patients as part of the program. The inpatient team connected with the existing interdisciplinary ambulatory team with all pertinent medical and psychosocial information shared between the teams.