Spigelian hernia, a case report.

Introduction & Importance: The first clinical presentation of a hernia developing along the Spigelian line had been reported by Klinkosch. The Belgian anatomist Adriaan van der Spieghel (Adrianus Spigelius) was the first to describe the semilunar line now known as the linea Spigeli in 1645. Spigelian hernias are rare and account for 1 % to 2 % of all abdominal wall hernias.

A second branchial cleft cyst, a case report.

Introduction & Importance: Branchial fistulas and cysts are uncommon anomalies of embryonic development that involve soft tissues of the neck. According to Bailey-Proctor classification, second BCCs are classified into four types: Type-I cysts are situated along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle beneath the superficial cervical fascia. Type-II ones are the most common and lie just laterally to great vessels beneath enveloping fascia of the neck.

Acute appendicitis due to infection with Enterobius vermicularis, A case report.

Introduction & Importance: Enterobius vermicularis is the most common parasitic infection in developed countries of temperate and cool climates.The feco-oral route is the most common route of human infection. Due to obstruction of appendiceal lumen, the presence of parasites in the appendix may cause appendiceal colic or cause inflammation of the appendix.