Subchronic Effects of Tetrachloroethylene on Two Freshwater Copepod Species: Implications for Groundwater Risk Assessment.

Aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons, notably tetrachloroethylene (also known as perchloroethylene [PCE]), are persistent, mobile, and toxic (PMT) and/or very persistent, mobile, and toxic (vPMT) groundwater pollutants, often exceeding safe drinking water thresholds. The present study delves into the groundwater risk assessment of PCE with a novel focus on the sensitivity of stygobitic species-organisms uniquely adapted to groundwater environments. Through a comparative analysis of the subchronic effects of PCE on the locomotion behavior of two copepod species, the stygobitic Moraria sp.

Responses to silver nanoparticles and silver nitrate in a battery of biomarkers measured in coelomocytes and in target tissues of Eisenia fetida earthworms.

The current use and development of applications with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) could lead to potential inputs of these NPs to soils. Consequently, it is crucial to understand the ecotoxicological risks posed by Ag NPs in the terrestrial compartment. In the present investigation, the effects produced by PVP-PEI coated Ag NPs were assessed in Eisenia fetida earthworms in comparison with the soluble form (AgNO).

Ecotoxicological evaluation of foundry sands and cosmetic sludges using new earthworm biomarkers.

The management and final disposal of industrial wastes are a matter of considerable human concern. The present study evaluates the cyto/genotoxic effects and changes of the coelomic cell formulas exerted by aqueous leachates and solid waste (SW) of two industrial residues using coelomocytes extruded from Eisenia fetida. The assayed wastes corresponded to industrial foundry and cosmetic activities.

Genotoxic effects of commercial formulations of Chlorpyrifos and Tebuconazole on green algae.

The alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) was used for the study of the genotoxic effects of insecticide Chlorpyrifos and fungicide Tebuconazole (commercial formulations) on two freshwater green algae species, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Nannocloris oculata, after 24 h of exposure. The percentage of DNA in tail of migrating nucleoids was taken as an endpoint of DNA impairment. Cell viability was measured by fluorometric detection of chlorophyll "a" in vivo and the determination of cell auto-fluorescence.

QSARs for aromatic hydrocarbons at several trophic levels.

Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) with aromatic hydrocarbons were obtained. Biological response was measured by acute toxicity of several aquatic trophic levels. The chemicals assayed were benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, isopropylbenzene, n-propylbenzene, and butylbenzene.

Quantitative structure-activity relationship for aromatic hydrocarbons on freshwater fish.

A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) was determined, according to Hansch's approach. The acute toxicity of nine aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, isopropylbenzene, n-propylbenzene, butylbenzene) was evaluated in an Argentinean freshwater fish species. Solubility, molecular weight, and the octanol-water coefficient of partition (K(ow)) were taken as macroscopic molecular descriptors.