Evaluation of oral function using a composite sensor during maximum lip closure and swallowing in normal children and adults.

Background: There is growing interest in the development of objective methods for assessing lip-closing function in children.

Objective: To obtain normative data for healthy children in the developmental stages of lip closure function, we quantitatively evaluated oral movements associated with lip closure in children and adults using a composite sensor (CS).

Methods: Twenty-five normal children (11 boys, 14 girls) aged 8.

Lip-closing pressure during food intake from a spoon in normal children.

Background: Understanding the refinement of self-feeding skills is useful for the assessment of oral functional development in children.

Objectives: To determine normative data on lip closing during food intake in the development of independent spoon-feeding in normal children, we tested the hypothesis that lip-closing pressure and spoon operation differ depending on food type.

Methods: Fifteen normal children (eight boys, seven girls; mean age: 6.

Influence of food adhesivity and quantity in lip closing pressure.

Lip closing is an important motor act in food acquisition. Appropriate food capture in anticipatory and early oral stages of feeding is essential for mastication and swallowing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of food type and quantity on lip closing pressure during food capture with a spoon, and to identify normal lip function during food acquisition in healthy young adults.