Comparison of Phototherapy Effect with and without Phenobarbital on the Newborns with Hyperbilirubinemia.

Objectives: Jaundice occurs in 60% of full-term and 80% of pre-term newborns. This study compared the effect of phototherapy with and without phenobarbital on icteric newborns.

Materials & Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial conducted from July until March 2018 at Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Iran.

A systematic review of the effect of structured exercise on inflammation and body composition in inflammatory bowel disease.

Purpose: Given the substantial risk of treatment failure in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), adjuvant therapies may play a role in disease management. We aim to carry out a systematic review to examine the effects of structured exercise on the inflammatory response in patients with IBD. Our secondary aim is to examine the effect of structured exercise programmes on body composition given both an increase in visceral obesity and the presence of sarcopenia have deleterious effects on outcomes in IBD.

Higher dietary total antioxidant capacity is inversely associated with Helicobacter pylori infection among adults: A case-control study.

Introduction: Antioxidants appear to hinder the actions of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The aim of this research was to evaluate the association between dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and H.

Prevalence of gestational diabetes and its association with stillbirth, preterm birth, macrosomia, abortion and cesarean delivery: a national prevalence study of 11 provinces in Iran.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders during pregnancy that significantly affects perinatal outcomes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GDM and its relation with the incidence of stillbirth, preterm birth, macrosomia, abortion and cesarean section (C-section) delivery in pregnant women.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 3675 pregnant women in 11 provinces across Iran.

Safety and efficacy of combining biologics or small molecules for inflammatory bowel disease or immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A European retrospective observational study.

Background And Aims: Few data are available regarding the combination of biologics or small molecules in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. We report safety and efficacy of such combinations through a retrospective multicentre series.

Methods: Combination therapy was defined as the concomitant use of two biologics or one biologic with a small molecule.

Dietary insulin index and load with risk of breast cancer in a case-control study.

Objective: Circulating insulin levels have been positively associated with risk of breast cancer (BrCa); however, it remains unclear whether a diet inducing an elevated insulin response influences Breast risk.

Methods: In this study, 250 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and 250 hospitalised controls were recruited using convenience sampling. The dietary insulin index (DII) was calculated by dividing the dietary insulin load by the total energy intake.

Uncertain LDA: Including Observation Uncertainties in Discriminative Transforms.

Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is a powerful technique in pattern recognition to reduce the dimensionality of data vectors. It maximizes discriminability by retaining only those directions that minimize the ratio of within-class and between-class variance. In this paper, using the same principles as for conventional LDA, we propose to employ uncertainties of the noisy or distorted input data in order to estimate maximally discriminant directions.

Quantitative computerized color vision testing in diabetic retinopathy: A possible screening tool?

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a computerized color vision testing (Arden color contrast test) as a screening test for detection of diabetic macular edema (DME).

Materials And Methods: A consecutive, prospective case series of 83 eyes of 42 diabetic patients with and without macular edema was enrolled. Macular edema was assessed clinically by stereoscopic grading and by central retinal thickness measurement with optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Comparison of oral recombinant erythropoietin and subcutaneous recombinant erythropoietin in prevention of anemia of prematurity.

Background: Premature neonates are at risk for severe anemia and erythropoietin is the most important hormone in erythropoiesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of oral recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) in proving erythropoiesis in neonates.

Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial study.

Use of "kangaroo care" to alleviate the intensity of vaccination pain in newborns.

Objective: It has been demonstrated that newborns feel pain completely. Thus, they should be treated with this in mind. Recent research showed that non-pharmacological interventions such as "Kangaroo Care" may be useful for decreasing pain in newborns.

Comparison of intravitreal bevacizumab versus triamcinolone for the treatment of diffuse diabetic macular edema.

Background: Our purpose was to compare the effect of triamcinolone and bevacizumab (Avastin) on the retinal thickness and functional outcome in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Methods And Materials: A collective of 32 patients, who had been treated by a single 4.0-mg intravitreal triamcinolone injection (group 1), was matched to 32 patients ('matched pairs'), who had received 3 injections of 1.

Real-time intraocular pressure measurement in standard and microcoaxial phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) in the vitreous cavity during various stages of cataract surgery.

Setting: University Eye Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.

Methods: In consecutive eyes having combined phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy, IOP was monitored in real time through a 25-gauge pars plana cannula connected to an external pressure transducer.

Role of intravenous extra fluid therapy in icteric neonates receiving phototherapy.

Objective: To evaluate the role of intravenous extra fluid therapy in accelerating the reduction of jaundice in newborns who received phototherapy.

Methods: This study was performed on 100 terms, jaundiced neonates who had a total bilirubin of 18 mg/dl or more in the Pediatrics Ward of Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran from October 2007 to April 2008. The patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups; group I (case group) were given extra parenteral fluid besides breast feeding, and group II (control group) received only breast milk.

[Conceiving and implementing an ISO 9001:2000 quality management system: quality improvement and efficiency increase over 3 years at the Dept. of Ophthalmology, Sultan Qaboos University in Oman].

Background: Oman is a developing country of the Middle East with a University Hospital in a national health system. Problems related to documentation, structure, and procedure prevailing in a multicultural environment result in a lack of productivity. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of introducing a quality management system according to ISO 9001:2000 into a university department of ophthalmology with special reference to quality and efficiency data over 3 years.

[Cataract patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome among a population with high prevalence of PEX. Clinical findings and morphological and surgical characteristics].

Background: Cataracts are the most frequent treatable cause of noninfectious blindness in Oman. Therefore, in 2002 a study was performed at our department of ophthalmology to evaluate cataract patients for pseudoexfoliation.

Methods: In a prospective comparative cohort study, 370 age-related cataract eyes out of an evaluable population of 498 cataracts were evaluated by biomicroscopy, confocal corneal analysis, and electron microscopy and followed up after 6 months.

[Patients with secondary open-angle glaucoma in pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome among a population with high prevalence of PEX. Clinical findings and morphological and surgical characteristics].

Background: The second most frequent treatable cause of noninfectious blindness in Oman is high-pressure glaucoma. Therefore, in 2002 a study was performed at our department of ophthalmology to evaluate pseudoexfoliation (PEX) in glaucoma patients.

Methods: In a prospective comparative cohort study, of 204 glaucoma eyes, 135 open-angle glaucomas were evaluated by biomicroscopy, papillometry, and electron microscopy and followed up after 6 months.