Basin scale monitoring of microplastics and phthalates in sediments from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Makran using GIS-based algorithms: Insights towards spatial variation and potential risk assessment.

Information on sedimentary microplastics and phthalates has been restricted to the coastal regions of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Makran. Our basin-wide study monitored their levels, spatial behaviors, and potential risks using GIS-based techniques. Microplastics and phthalates ranged from 5 to 75 particles/kg d.

Normal alkanes in sediments from the Persian Gulf: spatial pattern and implications for autochthonous, allochthonous, and petroleum-originated contaminants.

Surface sediments (n = 124) were gathered to evaluate spatial pattern and source apportionment of ∑n-alkanes in the Persian Gulf. Moran's I indices revealed that ∑n-alkanes were randomly distributed in sampling space in general. One noticeable exception was a significant spatial high-high cluster (Z-score = 8.

Using GIS, geostatistics and Fuzzy logic to study spatial structure of sedimentary total PAHs and potential eco-risks; An Eastern Persian Gulf case study.

GIS, geo-statistics and autocorrelation analysis were employed to reveal spatial structure of sedimentary ∑16PAHs. Global Moran's I index outlined significant ∑PAHs clusters for the entire region (Moran's I index =0.62, Z-score = 25.

Spatial distribution and vertical profile of heavy metals in marine sediments around Iran's special economic energy zone; Arsenic as an enriched contaminant.

Surface sediments (n = 35) and a core sample around Pars Special Economic Energy Zone were analyzed to address spatiotemporal variations of heavy metals. Enrichment factors classified the elements as: (1) poorly enriched, geogenic elements (Co, Cr, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Ti, and V), (2) minimal enriched elements (Zn and Mg), (3) moderately enriched elements (Ag, Cd, Pb, Se, and Sr), and (4) significantly enriched element (As and Hg). The core profile showed that As, Hg, Ag, and Cd had considerable anthropogenic inventories.

Polytetrafluoroethylene physisorption-assisted emulsification microextraction as a cleanup and preconcentration step in the gas chromatography determination of aliphatic hydrocarbons in marine sediment samples.

For the first time, the application of polytetrafluoroethylene powder as an extractant phase collector or holder in liquid-phase microextraction has been developed. For this purpose, the analytical performances of two different ways of applying polytetrafluoroethylene powder in microextraction methods including polytetrafluoroethylene physisorption-assisted emulsification microextraction and dispersive liquid-phase microextraction via polytetrafluoroethylene extractant phase holders have been compared for analysis of aliphatic hydrocarbons in aqueous phases. Under the same conditions, the former showed better extraction efficiencies over the latter and as a result, it was applied as preconcentration and cleanup step in the analysis of aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediment samples followed by gas chromatography analysis.

Origin, toxicological and narcotic potential of sedimentary PAHs and remarkable even/odd n-alkane predominance in Bushehr Peninsula, the Persian Gulf.

Surface sediments (n=17) were collected from 6 sites located in the coasts of the Bushehr Peninsula. ∑PAH concentrations were in the range of 285.9-1288ngg dw and the sediments were moderately polluted.

Antifouling paint booster biocides (Irgarol 1051 and diuron) in marinas and ports of Bushehr, Persian Gulf.

In the present study, antifouling paint booster biocides, Irgarol 1051 and diuron were measured in ports and marinas of Bushehr, Iran. Results showed that in seawater samples taken from ports and marinas, Irgarol was found at the range of less than LOD to 63.4ngL(-1) and diuron was found to be at the range of less than LOD to 29.

Dissolved carbon dioxide flotation: an effective way for phase separation in emulsification microextraction method.

Dissolved carbon dioxide flotation after emulsification microextraction (DCF-EME) technique coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD) was introduced for preconcentration and determination of six organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in seawater samples. DCF-EME method is based on the rapid and simple phase separation of low density organic solvent from the aqueous phase via introducing of a saturated NaHCO3 solution (9.6% w/v) into the acidified sample solution (0.

Microfunnel-supported liquid-phase microextraction: application to extraction and determination of Irgarol 1051 and diuron in the Persian Gulf seawater samples.

In the present work, microfunnel-supported liquid-phase microextraction method (MF-LPME) based on applying low density organic solvent was developed for the determination of antifoulings (Irgarol 1051, diuron and 3,4-dichloroaniline) from seawater samples. In this method, home-designed MF device was used for facile loading and retrieving of organic solvent during the extraction procedure. The extraction was carried out with introduction of 400 μL of toluene via syringe into the MF device placed on the surface of sample solution (300 mL) containing analytes.

Comparison of conventional hollow fiber based liquid phase microextraction and electromembrane extraction efficiencies for the extraction of ephedrine from biological fluids.

In the present study, hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) based on pH gradient and electromembrane extraction (EME) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was compared for the extraction of ephedrine from biological samples. The influences of fundamental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of ephedrine were studied and optimized for both methods. Under the optimized conditions, preconcentration factors of 120 and 35 for urine and 51 and 8 for human plasma were obtained using EME and HF-LPME, respectively.