Diagnosis and Management of Hypothyroidism in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries.

Hypothyroidism is one of the most common chronic endocrine conditions. However, as symptoms of hypothyroidism are non-specific, up to 60% of those with thyroid dysfunction are unaware of their condition. Left untreated, hypothyroidism may contribute to other chronic health conditions.

Pringle Maneuver in Extended Liver Resection: A propensity score analysis.

Despite the ongoing decades-long controversy, Pringle maneuver (PM) is still frequently used by hepatobiliary surgeons during hepatectomy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PM on intraoperative blood loss, morbidity, and posthepatectomy hemorrhage (PHH). A series of 209 consecutive patients underwent extended hepatectomy (EH) (≥5 segment resection).

An emerging technology in lipid research for targeting hydrophilic drugs to the skin in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders: kojic acid-solid lipid nanoparticles.

Kojic acid (KA) as tyrosinase inhibitor shows insufficient skin penetration and several adverse events due topical administration. KA solid lipid nanoparticles (KA-SLNs) were prepared using high speed homogenisation followed by ultra-probe sonication method for improve its effectiveness.KA-SLNs was optimised by Glyceryl mono-stearate (GMS) and Cholesterol (Chol) as lipid excipients and span 60 (SP 60) and Tween 20 (Tw 20) as co-emulsifiers (particle size 156.

Prevalence of self-reported coronary heart disease and its associated risk factors in Tabari cohort population.

Background: Prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors are increasing in developing countries. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported CHD and evaluate the role of various risk factors on its prevalence in the Tabari cohort study (TCS) population.

Methods: The enrollment phase of TCS was performed between June 2015 and November 2017.

Prevalence of Hearing Disorders among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Vitamin D Deficiency.

Most of the previous studies have marked hearing loss as another complication of diabetes mellitus, while some other authors had different ideas. The relation between diabetes mellitus and sensorineural hearing loss has been under investigation for a century. However, it has remained controversial.

Intraoperative evaluation of hepatic artery blood flow during pancreatoduodenectomy (HEPARFLOW): Protocol of an exploratory study.

Introduction: Pancreatoduodenectomy is the treatment of choice for a range of benign and malignant diseases. The pancreatic head must be separated from its supplying vessels, especially the gastroduodenal artery, during this operation. However, dissection of the gastroduodenal artery can disturb blood supply to the liver and result in liver ischemia.

Spiritual healing from Iranian cancer patients' viewpoints: A hybrid concept analysis.

Background: Spiritual healing is a complementary and alternative treatment with different meanings in different cultures and religions. However, the concept has not been defined from the cancer patients' points of view. The present study was done with the aim of concept analyses of spiritual healing from Iranian cancer patients' viewpoints.

Design and Synthesis of Novel Arylisoxazole-Chromenone Carboxamides: Investigation of Biological Activities Associated with Alzheimer's Disease.

A novel series of hybrid arylisoxazole-chromenone carboxamides were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitory activity based on the modified Ellman's method. Among synthesized compounds, 5-(3-nitrophenyl)-N-{4-[(2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-7-yl)oxy]phenyl}-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxamide depicted the most acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity (IC =1.23 μm) and 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-{4-[(2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-7-yl)oxy]phenyl}-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxamide was found to be the most potent butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitor (IC =9.

An update on the application of nano-scaled carriers against fluconazole-resistant species: nanostructured lipid carriers or solid lipid nanoparticles?

Background And Purpose: Encapsulation can lead to improved efficacy and safety of antifungal compounds. The attention of scientists has recently turned to biocompatible lipids as the carriers for the delivery of antifungal drugs, such as fluconazole. Although several research reports have already been published on fluconazole loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (FLZ-SLNs) and fluconazole loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (FLZ-NLCs), the possible advantages of NLCs over SLNs have not yet been fully established.

Methylene blue-loaded niosome: preparation, physicochemical characterization, and in vivo wound healing assessment.

Following skin injury, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the inflammatory phase can cause tissue damage and delay in wound healing. Methylene blue (MB) decreases mitochondrial ROS production and has antioxidant effects. The authors aimed to prepare MB-loaded niosomes using the ultra-sonication technique as a green formulation method.

Procalcitonin and D-dimer for Predicting 28-Day-Mortality Rate and Sepsis Severity based on SOFA Score; A Cross-sectional Study.

Objective: To determine the possible relationship of procalcitonin (PCT) and D-dimer with the 28-day-mortality rate and severity of sepsis based on sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients were enrolled based on their signs and symptoms of sepsis confirmed by essential laboratory studies. Demographic data, Glasgow coma scale and vital signs, serum PCT and D-dimer levels, creatinine, bilirubin level, arterial blood gas analysis and platelet count were recorded.

Investigation of and gene alternations in strains exposed to kombucha fermented tea.

Background And Purpose: is one of the most common opportunistic fungus, which causes infection in immunocompromised and neutropenic patients. The current guidelines recommend voriconazole as the initial therapeutic and prophylactic agent for almost all cases, especially in patients with organ transplants, which leads to increased medication resistance in . The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antifungal activity and effect of kombucha as a natural compound on growth, as well as on the expression of and genes.

Nigella sativa L. for prevention of acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Nigella sativa L. (N. sativa) extract on preventing the incidence of acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) in breast cancer patients.

Efficacy of topical latanoprost in the treatment of eyelid vitiligo: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial study.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that the pigmentation of iris and around the eyelid is a common side effect of latanoprost, a prostaglandin F2alpha analogue used in the treatment of glaucoma. Hence, the authors decided to study the effectiveness of topical latanoprost on vitiligo patches around the eyelid. In this randomized, double-blind, clinical trial study, 31 patients with vitiligo vulgaris and focal vitiligo involving the eyelids were evaluated.

Design, synthesis, in vitro, and in silico studies of novel diarylimidazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors.

In this work, new derivatives of diarylimidazole-1,2,3-triazole 7a-p were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. All compounds showed potent inhibitory activity in the range of IC = 90.4-246.

Contamination and cancer risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban dust from different land-uses in the most populated city of Iran.

Due to population growth and the considerable increase in usage of the resources, Human environment quality has been highly threatened by pollutants in recent decades. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread, persistent organic pollutants which are of great concern due to their carcinogenicity. The present study is the first investigation that assesses contamination, sources and cancer risk of 16 priority PAHs proposed by US EPA in urban dust samples (n = 80) taken in different land-uses of Tehran metropolis, the capital of Iran.

Changing diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes in Sweden - a stepped wedge national cluster randomised controlled trial - the CDC4G study protocol.

Background: The optimal criteria to diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remain contested. The Swedish National Board of Health introduced the 2013 WHO criteria in 2015 as a recommendation for initiation of treatment for hyperglycaemia during pregnancy. With variation in GDM screening and diagnostic practice across the country, it was agreed that the shift to new guidelines should be in a scientific and structured way.

Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation of Blood Flow and Cerebral Aneurysm: Effect of Partly Blocked Vessel.

In this study, using fluid-structure interaction (FSI), 3-dimensional blood flow in an aneurysm in the circle of Willis - which is located in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) - has been simulated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a partly blocked vessel on an aneurysm. To achieve this purpose, two cases have been investigated using the FSI method: in the first case, an ideal geometry of aneurysm in the MCA has been simulated; in the second case, modeling is performed for an ideal geometry of the aneurysm in the MCA with a partly blocked vessel.

A comparative study of elemental pollution and health risk assessment in urban dust of different land-uses in Tehran's urban area.

Pollution levels of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) were studied performing enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index and ecological risk index. The most enriched elements which categorize as very high and extremely high enriched in different land-uses were in order of: commercial Cu (73.79)>Hg (66.

Evaluation of the role of transhepatic flow in postoperative outcomes following major hepatectomy (THEFLOW): study protocol for a single-centre, non-interventional cohort study.

Introduction: Liver resection is the only curative treatment for primary and secondary hepatic tumours. Improvements in perioperative preparation of patients and new surgical developments have made complex liver resections possible. However, small for size and flow syndrome (SFSF) is still a challenging issue, rendering patients inoperable and causing postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Academic Motivation in Nursing Students: A Hybrid Concept Analysis.

Background: Taking into account the breadth of the concept of motivation and its importance for nursing students, it is imperative to clarify the concept of academic motivation. This study is an attempt to analyze the concept of academic motivation in nursing students.

Materials And Methods: The study was carried out in 2018 as a combined literature review and qualitative research.

Efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam in the treatment of infections due to Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) represent an important global threat. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical course and outcomes of patients with CRE infections treated with ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) compared to patients treated with other agents.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients with established CRE infections from January 2017 until August 2018 was conducted.

Novel N-benzylpyridinium moiety linked to arylisoxazole derivatives as selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and docking study.

A novel series of N-benzylpyridinium moiety linked to arylisoxazole ring were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities. Synthesized compounds were classified into two series of 5a-i and 5j-q considering the position of positively charged nitrogen of pyridinium moiety (3- or 4- position, respectively) connected to isoxazole carboxamide group. Among the synthesized compounds, compound 5n from the second series of compounds possessing 2,4-dichloroaryl group connected to isoxazole ring was found to be the most potent AChE inhibitor (IC = 5.

Tabari Cohort Profile and Preliminary Results in Urban Areas and Mountainous Regions of Mazandaran, Iran.

Background: The Tabari cohort study (TCS), part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN), is a large longitudinal prospective cohort designed to better understand the risk factors associated with major non-communicable diseases (NCDs) across two urban and mountainous regions in north of Iran.

Methods: The enrollment phase of TCS started in June 2015 and ended in November 2017. During this phase, individuals aged 35-70 years from urban and mountainous regions of Sari township (Mazandaran province) were invited to the cohort center by health volunteers (urban regions) and Behvarz (mountainous areas) using census information.