Synonymous variant of TLR7 at restriction site rs864058 identified in Covid 19 Pakistani patients.

Background: TLR7, the receptor accountable for immune response to RNA viruses, has been studied extensively to identify its variants related to the severity of Covid-19 in different populations worldwide. However, the genotype of Pakistani population is still unknown. This study aimed to determine the TLR7 genotypes and their relation with severity in our population.

MDR TB-The Lethal Sound of Silent Mutations.

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A Systematic Review on the Mental Health Status of Patients Infected With Monkeypox Virus.

Objectives: This study aims to extract and summarize the literature on the mental health status of patients with monkeypox.

Methods: This review was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using different databases and publishers such as Scopus, Sage, ScienceDirect, PubMed, BMJ, Wiley Online Library, Wolters Kluwer OVID-SP, and Google Scholar. The literature review was based on monkeypox and mental health.

Parental telomeres implications on immune senescence of newborns.

Telomere, the biological chronometer, and its effect on the immune system considerably varies among individuals. During pregnancy, multiple risk factors affect telomere reprogramming during fetal life which can lead to health disparities in newborns. These changes may cause a long-term impact on the telomere genetics of the newborn and become a reason for lifelong health implications and immune senescence.

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) for Non-Invasive Diagnosis.

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Comparison of KRAS gene in circulating tumor DNA levels vs histological grading of colorectal cancer patients through liquid biopsy.

Background: To determine KRAS gene in circulating tumor DNA in comparison with histological grading through liquid biopsy in colorectal cancer patients.

Methods: This dual-centered cross-sectional study included 73 diagnosed patients of colorectal cancer at different grading levels [Grade I, well differentiated (n = 7, 9.5%); Grade II, moderately differentiated (n = 14,18.

Diet Restrictions, Epigenetics and Depression.

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Association of FTO variant with parental history of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults.

Objective: To find out the association between fat mass and obesity-associated gene polymorphism and risk factors frequently associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The case-control study was conducted from January 2020 to March 2021 at the Ziauddin University, Karachi, and comprised deoxyribonucleic acid samples for fat mass and obesity-associated gene polymorphism from non-diabetic Pakistani population. Group A comprised non-diabetics with parental history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and Group B had controls without parental history of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Increasing Frequency of New Delhi Metallo-beta-Lactamase and Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase Resistant Genes in a Set of Population of Karachi.

Objective: To determine the frequency of Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase (blaKPC) and New Delhi Metallo-Beta-Lactamase (blaNDM) resistant genes among clinical isolates of Enterobacterales in a set of Karachi population.

Study Design: An observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Microbiology, Dr.

Parental Genetics Communicate with Intrauterine Environment to Reprogram Newborn Telomeres and Immunity.

Telomeres, markers for cellular senescence, have been found substantially influenced by parental inheritance. It is well known that genomic stability is preserved by the DNA repair mechanism through telomerase. This study aimed to determine the association between parents−newborn telomere length (TL) and telomerase gene (TERT), highlighting DNA repair combined with TL/TERT polymorphism and immunosenescence of the triad.

Neuregulin 4 (NRG4) - the hormone with clinical significance in gestational diabetes mellitus.

This study aimed at determining the association between serum neuregulin 4 (NRG4) and insulin in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their correlation with other metabolic parameters. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2018 to February 2019 at Ziauddin University, Karachi. Pregnant women ( = 80), at 24-28 weeks of gestation, were recruited.

Fok1 VDR Gene Polymorphisms as the Risk factor for Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, and its association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Study Design:  Cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2018 to 2020.

Detection of Kras Gene in Colorectal Cancer Patients through Liquid Biopsy: A Cost-effective Method.

Objective: To detect the Kras gene through liquid biopsy, a less invasive technique in diagnosed colorectal cancer patients.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Oncology, Dr.

Association of the JAZF1 Variant in Adults With a Parental History of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Pakistan.

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic multifactorial condition and quickly growing disease in Pakistan. Many genes together with Zinc finger protein 1 (JAZF1) have already been described earlier in the literature but the role of JAZF1 in this subset of the population is yet to define. This study was aimed at identifying JAZF1 polymorphism and the risk of developing T2DM in persons with a parental history of T2DM in the Pakistani population.

Expression of DnMTs and MBDs in AlCl-Induced Neurotoxicity Mouse Model.

Alteration in DNA methylation after aluminum exposure has been shown to contribute in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study is aimed to determine the effect of Al exposure (42 and 60 days) on learning and memory and the expression of proteins involved in DNA methylation (MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, MeCP2 (methyl CpG binding protein 2), DnMT1 and DnMT3a). Male BALB/c mice were treated with AlCl for either 42 days or 60 days.

Association of Zinc Transporter-8 Autoantibody (ZnT8A) with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8A), discovered through bioinformatics, is identified as another major biomarker for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), expanding the panel of diagnostic autoantibodies. The absence of standard autoantibodies in T1DM patients and the presence of ZnT8A in individuals before disease development has led the researchers to evaluate ZnT8A to gather information about the frequency and its association. Therefore, we aim to find out the concentration of ZnT8A and its association with T1DM.

Influence of Dietary Intake on Sleeping Patterns of Medical Students.

Introduction The aim of the study was to explore the association between the intake of specific food substances and the sleeping patterns of medical students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 440 medical students, aged 18-24 years, chosen through non-probability consecutive sampling from Karachi, Pakistan. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to measure sleep quality and a self-made questionnaire that categorized foods according to their nutritional constitutions was used to measure the frequency of food consumption.

Effect of local probiotic (Lactobacillus reuteri) vs systemic antibiotic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in chronic periodontitis.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the clinical efficacy of local probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) and systemic antibiotics as adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis (CP).

Methods: Thirty systemically-healthy participants (15 probiotic and 15 antibiotic), clinically diagnosed with CP, were enrolled.

Molecular Pathogenesis of Chewable Tobacco.

In Pakistan, extensive use of several precarious chewable tobacco formulations has made oral cancer the second leading malignancy. Selection of literature was done by a survey of studies published from 1990 to 2017 mainly, from PUBMED and few from other search engines, on naswar, gutka, areca nut and betel quid, which included published reviews, original articles and other data sources on chewable tobacco, its epidemiology, pathological implications, and psychological effects. These studies have revealed that the chemicals in these formulations bind and mutate DNA of oral mucosa through down regulating cellular repair pathways and upregulating genetic networks associated with pathogenesis.

Human papilloma virus 16/18: Fabricator of trouble in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Aim: To find out the association between Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) genotypes 16/18 in Pakistani patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: DNA from oral rinse of 300 subjects was taken. The subjects included 100 cases with OSCC and 200 controls.

Reviewing a Manuscript: Disparity Amongst Peer Reviewers' Priorities from Basic Health Sciences and Clinicians.

Objective: To determine the disparities and the priorities of basic health scientists and clinicians while assessing a manuscript.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: The study was conducted at Karachi, from January to April 2014.