Computational evaluation of a fusion protein consisted of pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin from to target Claudin-4 using C-terminal fragment of enterotoxin.

Pertussis, caused by is still one of the controversial diseases worldwide due to its high prevalence in both the developed and the developing countries, especially among young children. As currently approved vaccines are not protective enough and provide Th2-type immune responses, there is an urgent need to develop new vaccines. In the current study, we applied the C-terminal fragment of enterotoxin (C-CPE) as a delivery system and F1S1 fragment (Filamentous hemagglutinin (F1) and subunit 1 of pertussis toxin (S1) of to design a novel chimeric protein , to target Claudin-4 receptors in mice lung cells.

Fabrication of chitosan-polyethylene glycol nanocomposite films containing ZIF-8 nanoparticles for application as wound dressing materials.

Biocompatible nanocomposite films based on chitosan (CS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers containing cephalexin (CFX) antibiotic drug and zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles (NPs) were designed and fabricated to develop wound dressing materials capable of controlled drug release. Swelling experiment was performed in three acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions. The tensile strength test reflected that upon increasing the NPs loading within the films, the tensile strength was enhanced but the elongation at break was diminished.

Review of the current use and evaluation of cell substrates for producing biologicals in selected countries.

In 2010, the WHO guidance document for the evaluation of cell substrates for producing biologicals was replaced with updated recommendations and in May 2013 an implementation workshop on the new recommendations was held in Beijing, China. As part of this workshop, a survey of the use and evaluation of cell substrates for producing biologicals was undertaken and the information obtained was updated in June 2014. The purpose of survey was to capture the status of national requirements related to cell substrates in various countries with particular emphasis on whether or not the updated WHO recommendations had been, or were to be, incorporated into national requirements.

Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes produce cytokines in response to Leishmania major promastigotes.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) release cytokines that may influence the development of the subsequent adaptive immune response. Little is known about cytokines produced by human PMN in response to Leishmania (L.).

IgG1 and IgG2a profile of serum antibodies to Leishmania major amastigote in BALB/c and C57BL/6Mice.

It is well accepted that in experimental model of Leishmania major infection, BALB/c mice mount a Th2 response and produce IgG1 predominantly whereas C57BL/6mice enhance Th1 response with the biased production of IgG2a antibodies. Therefore, screening for parasite antigens on the basis of reactivity with sera from infected susceptible or resistant mice might be used for the identification of Th1- or Th2-inducing antigens.In this study, the antigenic profile of Leishmania major amastigote that induce IgG1 or IgG2a isotypes in infected BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice were compared.

Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms predispose to cutaneous leishmaniasis.

The clinical spectrum of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is extremely variable. Studies in experimental leishmaniasis have revealed a role for TLR4 in control of infection. In the present study the associations between TLR4 mutations (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) with outcome of CL have been investigated.

Lack of association of Toll-Like Receptor 2 Arg753Gln with cutaneous leishmaniasis.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of Arg753Gln and Arg677Trp polymorphisms of TLR2 in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) compared to healthy controls. The polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and amplification refractory mutation system assay (ARMS-PCR). The results showed that the frequency of Arg753Gln genotype was 14.

Immune response to Leishmania antigen in anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Background: Leishmania (L.) tropica is the causative agent of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in Iran. The disease often heals within a year; however, the non-healing forms of disease are also known.