Physical Characteristics, Clinical Application, and Side Effects of Viscoelastics in Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To explain the physical properties of ophthalmic viscoelastic devices (OVDs), covering their structural units, optimal features, existing viscoelastic materials, clinical applications, and potential side effects.

Methods: This is a narrative review on the OVDs. A literature review was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases.

Association between shift working and musculoskeletal symptoms among nursing personnel.

Background: Some health problems are more prevalent in shift workers than day workers. Musculoskeletal disorders are considered as one of the most common health-related problems that can cause disability among health care workers. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between shift working and the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSs) among nursing personnel.

Combined effects of physical demands and shift working on low back disorders among nursing personnel.

The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effects of physical demands and shift working on low back disorders (LBDs) among nursing personnel. The study used 2 questionnaires: a self-administered questionnaire composed of parts of Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire to assess LBDs and job content questionnaire to assess physical demands. The participants were divided into 4 groups: from group 1 (low physical demands day workers) to group 4 (high physical demands shift workers).

Effects of psychosocial strain on back symptoms in Tehran general hospital nursing personnel.

Nursing is a stressful and highly demanding job. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between psychosocial job strain and the prevalence of back symptoms in nursing personnel using the demand-control model. In a cross-sectional study, 545 nursing professionals answered to a self-administered questionnaire on demography, job content, and lower and upper back symptoms (LBS and UBS, respectively).