Development, comparison, and internal validation of prediction models to determine the visual prognosis of patients with open globe injuries using machine learning approaches.

Introduction: Open globe injuries (OGI) represent a main preventable reason for blindness and visual impairment, particularly in developing countries. The goal of this study is evaluating key variables affecting the prognosis of open globe injuries and validating internally and comparing different machine learning models to estimate final visual acuity.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed three hundred patients with open globe injuries receiving treatment at Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital in Iran from 2020 to 2022.

A review of the degradation of antibiotic contaminants using advanced oxidation processes: modification and application of layered double hydroxides based materials.

In recent years, the treatment of organic pollutants has become a global concern due to the threat to human health posed by emerging contaminants, especially antibiotic contamination. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) can solve the organic pollution problem well, which have been identified as a promising solution for the treatment of hard-to-handle organic compounds including antibiotic contaminants. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are excellent catalysts because of their flexible tunability, favorable thermal stability, abundant active sites, and facile exchangeability of intercalated anions.

Effective adsorption of Pb(ii) from wastewater using MnO loaded MgFe-LD(H)O composites: adsorption behavior and mechanism.

Pb(ii) adsorption by MnO/MgFe-layered double hydroxide (MnO/MgFe-LDH) and MnO/MgFe-layered metal oxide (MnO/MgFe-LDO) materials was experimentally studied in lab-scale batches for remediation property and mechanism analysis. Based on our results, the optimum adsorption capacity for Pb(ii) was achieved at the calcination temperature of 400 °C for MnO/MgFe-LDH. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics, Elovich model, and thermodynamic studies were used for exploring the Pb(ii) adsorption mechanism of the two composites.

Halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs) in marine fish from the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea: Levels, distribution, and health risk assessment.

Six marine fish species, collected from the Beibu Gulf were statistically analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs). The concentrations of ∑PBDEs, ∑PCBs, and ∑DDTs ranged from 11.8-1431, 8.

Enhancing mechanism of arsenic(iii) adsorption by MnO-loaded calcined MgFe layered double hydroxide.

The use of MnO/MgFe-layered double hydroxide (MnO/MgFe-LDH) and MnO/MgFe-layered double oxide (MnO/MgFe-LDO) for arsenic immobilization from the aqueous medium is the subject of this research. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterise MnO/MgFe-LDH and MnO/MgFe-LDO. Based on our developed method, MnO was spread on the clay composites' surfaces in the form of a chemical bond.

Diversity, Distribution, and Biogeography of Freshwater Fishes in Guangxi, China.

The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region has the largest number of cavefish species in the world and is a global biodiversity hotspot. In this study, a species list of freshwater fishes in 12 Sub-basins of Guangxi was compiled systematically. Moreover, the species composition and distribution of the diversity were analyzed via the index, taxonomic diversity index, and beta diversity index.

A comprehensive review on pollution status and associated health risk assessment of human exposure to selected heavy metals in road dust across different cities of the world.

In order to expound on the present situation and potential risk of road dust heavy metals in major cities, a total of 114 literatures mainly over the past two decades, involving more than 5000 sampling sites in 61 cities of 21 countries, were screened through the collection and analysis of research papers. The concentration, sources, distribution, health risk, sample collection, and analytical methods of heavy metal research on road dust in cities around the world are summarized. The results show that Cd, Zn, and Cu in many urban road dusts in the world are higher than the grade II of the Chinese maximum allowable concentration of potentially toxic elements in the soil.

Spatial and temporal variation of dissolved heavy metals in the Lijiang River, China: implication of rainstorm on drinking water quality.

Lijiang River is an essential drinking water source and natural scenery in the Guilin City. For the first time, implications of rainstorm were taken into consideration by investigating spatial and temporal variation of dissolved heavy metals (HMs) in the Lijiang River water. A total of 68 water samples were collected during low flow (normal) season and high flow (rainstorm) season from 34 sampling sites.

Occurrence, distribution, and health risk assessment of quinolone antibiotics in water, sediment, and fish species of Qingshitan reservoir, South China.

The residual antibiotics in the environment have lately caused widespread concerns. However, little information is available on the antibiotic bioaccumulation and its health risk in drinking water resources of South China. Therefore, the occurrence, distribution, and health risk of four quinolone antibiotics including ofloxacin (OFX), norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and enrofloxacin (ENR) in the Qingshitan reservoir using high-performance liquid chromatography were investigated.

Pollution characteristics and toxicity of potentially toxic elements in road dust of a tourist city, Guilin, China: Ecological and health risk assessment.

Road dust samples from industrial, urban, and tourist areas of the international tourist city of Guilin, China, were collected to study the concentration, spatial distribution, pollution level, and health risk of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) using an array-based risk assessment model from the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The geoaccumulation index (I), ecological risk index, and spatial interpolation were used to investigate the road dust pollution level. The results indicated that apart from Ni and Al, the concentration of all the heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Mn, and As) were markedly higher than the corresponding background values in the three functional areas.

Assimilation of exogenous cyanide cross talk in Oryza sativa L. to the key nodes in nitrogen metabolism.

Exogenous cyanide (CN) effects on nitrogen (N) uptake, transport, and assimilation in rice seedlings were investigated at the biochemical and molecular levels. Seedlings were treated with either a 2-d or 4-d supply of potassium cyanide (KCN) in the nutrient solution containing nitrate (NO) or ammonium (NH). Although a KCN-induced increase was recorded in the activity of β-cyanoalanine synthase (β-CAS) in rice tissues of both NH-fed and NO-fed seedlings, the former showed a significantly greater assimilation rate for CN than the latter.

Effectiveness of Technolas torsional eye tracking system on visual outcomes after photorefractive keratectomy.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of Technolas 217Z eye tracking system (torsional component) in corneal surface irregularity and high order aberrations (HOAs) after photorefractive keratectomy.

Methods: Patients with compound myopic astigmatism among persons demanding refractive surgery in Khatam-al-Anbia Eye Hospital with the mean age of 29 years were enrolled in this double-blind randomized interventional study. The mean spherical equivalent (SE) of refractive error was -4.

Tropical stormwater nutrient degradation using nano-TiO2 in photocatalytic reactor detention pond.

The photo-degradation of nutrients in stormwater in photocatalytic reactor wet detention pond using nano titanium dioxide (TiO2) in concrete was investigated in a scale model as a new stormwater treatment method. Degradation of phosphate and nitrate in the presence of nano-TiO2 under natural ultra violet (UV) from tropical sunlight was monitored for 3 weeks compared with normal ponds. Two types of cement, including ordinary Portland and white cement mixed with TiO2 nano powder, were used as a thin cover to surround the body of the pond.

Modified deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for the treatment of advanced keratoconus with steep corneal curvature to help in eliminating the wrinkles in the Descemet's membrane.

Aims: To determine the clinical efficacy of modified deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) for the treatment of advanced-stage keratoconus with steep curvature.

Materials And Methods: In this interventional, non-comparative case series, 30 patients with advanced stages of keratoconus and curvature of more than 60 D underwent a modified DALK procedure. In this technique, after big-bubble formation, posterior stromal lamella was cut and removed 5 mm centrally (baring Descemet's membrane completely) with posterior stromal layer remaining peripherally.

A simple way to clear the media for vitrectomy in eyes with corneal edema.

Herein we introduce a simple approach for clearing an edematous cornea during vitreoretinal surgery in eyes with decompensated corneal endothelium, allowing the surgeon to postpone penetrating keratoplasty. This technique was performed in 3 eyes by filling the anterior chambers with air or silicone oil, and sufficiently cleared the media for completion of vitrectomy. This simple technique enables completion of the vitrectomy without a temporary keratoprosthesis and penetrating keratoplasty in eyes with corneal edema due to endothelial decompensation.

Development of radiology in Iran.

Historically, stratification in medical profession has followed certain patterns pertinent to the nature of the work and the organ of interest. Evolution of radiology was, however, different insofar as it followed an accidental discovery toward the end of the 19th century. The physical properties of the discovered rays were to set the initial direction for future expansion of the discipline.