Primary scleral buckling vs. vitrectomy for stage 4A retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical outcomes.

Topic: To compare anatomic outcomes of primary scleral buckle (SB) vs. lens sparing pars plana vitrectomy (LSV) in treating retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) associated Stage 4A retinal detachment (RD).

Clinical Relevance: ROP is the leading cause of blindness in childhood in industrialized countries worldwide.

Length of stay and its associated factors in the neonatal intensive care unit of Gadarif Hospital, Eastern Sudan: a retrospective study.

Background: Attention is increasingly paid to length of stay (LOS) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) across countries. Few published data on neonatal LOS exist in Africa, where there is a high burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Thus, this study investigated the factors associated with neonatal LOS in the NICU of Gadarif Hospital, Eastern Sudan.

Intraoperative Epoprostenol in Type II Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia During Left-Ventricular Assist Device Implantation: A Case Series and Review of Literature.

Type II heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (type II HITT) is a rare but serious complication in patients receiving heparin for anticoagulation. In type II HITT, an immune-mediated reaction against platelet factor four-heparin complexes results in thrombocytopenia and an elevated risk of thrombosis. This poses significant challenges for patients with advanced heart failure requiring urgent left-ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation.

"Awake" Cannulation of Patients for Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygen: An Analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry.

Importance: "Awake" cannulation for venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), where patients remain spontaneously breathing without invasive mechanical ventilation during the cannulation procedure, may reduce lung injury from positive pressure ventilation and promote patient mobility.

Objectives: To examine the association between "awake" cannulation for venovenous ECMO and patient outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Analysis of the prospectively collected by the multicenter Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry.

Utilization rates and heart transplantation outcomes of donation after circulatory death donors with prior cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Background: Heart donation after circulatory death (DCD) involves mandatory exposure to warm ischemic injury (WII) due to donor cardiac arrest resulting from withdrawal of life-support (WLS). However, potential DCD donors may also experience a cardiac arrest and undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and associated WII before WLS. We sought to investigate the effect of previous donor-CPR in DCD heart-transplantation (HT).

Molecular typing of Protoparvovirus carnivoran 1 in Egyptian cats diagnosed with feline panleukopenia.

Feline panleukopenia (FPL) in cats is caused by either feline parvovirus (FPV) or canine parvovirus (CPV-2), which belong to the same species "Protoparvovirus carnivoran 1". While FPV is widely recognized as the principal cause of FPL, CPV-2 has been detected at a higher rate than FPV in sick cats in a recent Egyptian study. To assess this conflict, the present study aimed to determine which Protoparvovirus carnivoran 1 is commonly associated with FPL in Egyptian cats.

PET-CT Defined Micro-Vascular Dysfunction and Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Risk Factors in Heart Transplant Recipients.

Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is considered a form of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), independently associated with poor prognosis after heart transplantation (HTX). It is unknown whether traditional risk factors for CAV are also applicable to MVD. We retrospectively analyzed factors associated with MVD in 94 HTX recipients who completed a PET scan after a normal baseline left heart catheterization excluding epicardial CAV.

Evaluation of Glycemic Variability and Discharge Outcomes in Patients with Ischemic Stroke Following Thrombolysis.

Background And Purpose: Hyperglycemia following acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is associated with adverse outcomes including, hemorrhagic conversion and increased length of stay; however, the impact of glycemic variability is largely unknown. This study aims to evaluate the effect of glycemic variability on discharge outcomes in patients treated with alteplase for AIS.

Methods: A retrospective review of ischemic stroke patients who presented within 4.

Evolution of heart transplant donor characteristics in the 21 century: A United States single center's experience.

Despite a record setting number of heart transplants performed annually, the national donor shortage continues to plague transplant teams across the United States. Here we describe the barriers to adaptation of numerous "non-traditional" orthotopic heart transplant donor characteristics including donors with hepatitis C virus, those meeting criteria for donation after cardiac death, donors with coronavirus disease 19 infection, donors with the human immunodeficiency virus, and grafts with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Our center's objective was to increase our transplant volume by expanding our donor pool from "traditional" donors to these "non-traditional" donors.

Increasing Multiorgan Heart Transplantations From Donation After Circulatory Death Donors in the United States.

Introduction: Donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors are becoming an important source of organs for heart-transplantation (HT), but there are limited data regarding their use in multiorgan-HT.

Methods: Between January 2020 and June 2023, we identified 87 adult multiorgan-HTs performed using DCD-donors [77 heart-kidney, 6 heart-lung, 4 heart-liver] and 1494 multiorgan-HTs using donation after brain death (DBD) donors (1141 heart-kidney, 165 heart-lung, 188 heart-liver) in UNOS. For heart-kidney transplantations (the most common multiorgan-HT combination from DCD-donors), we also compared donor/recipient characteristics, and early outcomes, including 6-month mortality using Kaplan-Meier (KM) and Cox hazards-ratio (Cox-HR).

High rate of inadequate antenatal contacts among mothers in eastern Sudan: a cross-sectional study.

This study assesses the prevalence and determinants of inadequate (less than eight contacts) and late antenatal care (ANC) initiation (starting after 12 weeks) among mothers delivered at Gadarif Maternity Hospital in eastern Sudan. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Gadarif Maternity Hospital. A questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, clinical, and obstetric data through face-to-face interviews.

Assessing surface water quality in Hungary's Danube basin using geochemical modeling, multivariate analysis, irrigation indices, and Monte Carlo simulation.

Evaluation of water quality is crucial for managing surface water effectively, ensuring its suitability for human use, and sustaining the environment. In the lower Danube River basin, various methods were employed to assess surface water quality for irrigation, drinking, human health risk purposes and the main mechanism control the surface water chemistry. These methods included water quality indicators (WQIs), complex statistical analyses, geographic information systems (GIS), Monte Carlo simulation, and geochemical modeling.

Advanced approach combines integrated weight water quality index and potential toxic elements for environmental and health risk assessment supported by simulation technique in Oued Souf, Algeria.

The current research study evaluated the health and environmental risks issues associated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the complex terminal aquifer located in the Algerian desert. The methods used included principal component and cluster (dendrogram) analysis to estimate source of ions and contamination. Various indices such as the Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), Metal Index, hazard quotient, hazard index (HI), and cancer risk (CR) were applied to assess both environmental and human health risks.

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Eastern Sudan: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the world's major public health problems. There are few published data on 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations and DM, and these studies showed different results.

Objectives: The current study aimed to compare 25[OH]D concentrations between patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and healthy controls in eastern Sudan.

Factors Associated with Postpartum Depression among Women in Eastern Sudan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: Postpartum depression is one of the most common complications of childbirth. While the epidemiology of postpartum depression has been extensively studied in African countries, there is little published data on the topic in Sudan. In addition, no studies have been conducted in Eastern Sudan.

The effects of stress hyperglycemia in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with large vessel occlusions undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.

Introduction: Diabetes and hyperglycemia are major risk factors that can increase infarction volume and contribute to poor functional status. Our study aim was to investigate the effect of stress hyperglycemia on various safety and efficacy outcomes in patients with large vessel occlusions (LVOs) undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT) with or without diabetes.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive LVO patient data treated with MT at a Comprehensive Stroke Center in the Mid-South was conducted.

An Atypical Seizure Onset and Re-Emergence in a Refugee with an Undiagnosed Sturge-Weber Syndrome: A Case Report from a Limited Setting.

Background: Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a complex rare genetic neuro-cutaneous disorder characterized by the presence of a port-wine stain, ophthalmic and intracranial angiomatosis leading to seizures, ocular, and oral abnormalities.

Case Presentation: We report a 39-year-old, non-diabetic, non-hypertensive female refugee who presented initially with heart failure due to anemia for which she received blood transfusions. Later on admission, she developed multiple focal to bilateral seizures, severe irritability, aphasia, and right-sided hemiplegia, leading to admission to the ICU.

Molecular characterization of full-length VP2 gene of canine parvovirus type 2 strains circulating in Egypt 2019-2021.

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a major cause of fatal gastroenteritis and myocarditis in puppies of domestic and wild carnivores. CPV-2 has accumulated changes over time lead to the emergence of three antigenic variants CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c. VP2 is the major capsid protein that determines virus antigenicity, and host range.

The prevalence and associated factors for primary headache disorders in adolescents in eastern Sudan: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Headache disorder is the second-highest cause of disability worldwide; however, data are scarce on headache among adolescents, especially in Africa. There has yet to be published data on headache among adolescents in Sudan, the third-largest country in Africa. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of primary headache disorders and associated factors among adolescents (10-19 years) in eastern Sudan.

Efficacy and safety of laparoscopic liver resection versus radiofrequency ablation in patients with early and small hepatocellular carcinoma: an updated meta-analysis and meta-regression of observational studies.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, accounting for 90% of cases worldwide and a significant contributor to cancer-related deaths. This study comprehensively compares the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) versus laparoscopic or percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (LRFA or PRFA) in patients with early and small HCC.

Methods: We systematically searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to include studies comparing LLR versus LRFA or PRFA in patients with early HCC meets the Milan criteria (defined as solitary nodule < 5 cm or three nodules ≤ 3 cm with no extrahepatic spread or vascular invasion).

Monkeypox Presenting with Blepharoconjunctivitis.

A 38-year-old male with recently diagnosed HIV and gonorrhea presented with umbilicated facial lesions and blepharoconjunctivitis of the right eye. Polymerase chain reaction test was performed of the skin were positive for Monkeypox (MPX). The patients' ocular symptoms improved with acyclovir, azithromycin, gemifloxacin, and tecovirimat after 3 weeks of treatment.