Dispersive solid phase extraction of apixaban from human plasma samples prior to capillary electrophoresis determination using zirconium-based metal organic frameworks prepared by different modulator and solvent.

Here, a zirconium-based metal organic framework-dispersive solid phase extraction method was established as an efficient, robust, and accurate approach for quantifying apixabanin human plasma samples prior to capillary electrophoresis with diode array detection. Various types of metal organic frameworks based on UiO-66-NH were synthesized by altering modulators and solvents and applied as sorbents in the extraction procedure. Among the tested sorbents, UiO-66-NH prepared in dimethylformamide in the presence of acetic acid was found to be the best sorbent in this method for the extraction of apixaban with high extraction efficiency comparable to other types of UiO-66-NH metal organic frameworks.

Density tunable dispersive solid phase extraction of four organochlorine pesticides from edible oil sample using rhodamine B as a sorbent prior to GC-MS analysis.

In this study, a new method was used to evaluate the levels of four organochlorine pesticides in edible samples. In this method, a density tunable dispersive solid phase extraction procedure was coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Rhodamine B was used as a sorbent, which was distributed throughout the oil matrix with the aid of evaporation of methanol.

Synthesis of MIP@COF@MIL-156@FeO composite and its application in dispersive solid phase extraction of montelukast in plasma and urine samples.

In this study, a new magnetic nanocomposite comprised of a molecularly imprinted polymer, metal organic framework, and covalent organic framework was synthesized and used in the dispersive solid-phase extraction of montelukast from plasma and urine samples. The extracted analyte was then analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The drug extraction process involved adding the synthesized nanocomposite to the biological sample.

Thin film microextraction of apixaban from plasma based on the covalent organic framework coated on a mesh prior to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

In this research, a new covalent organic framework was synthesized and utilized as a coating in thin film microextraction for the extraction of apixaban from plasma samples. This coating was applied to the mesh modified through immersion in a HF solution. The extracted drug was then analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Development of a new continuous homogenous liquid phase microextraction procedure based on in-situ preparation of deep eutectic solvent; application in the analysis of aliphatic amines in urine samples by GC-MS.

In the present work, a new microextraction procedure combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been developed for the analysis of several aliphatic amines from urine sample. The sample preparation method was a continuous homogenous liquid phase microextraction that was based on in-situ preparation of 4-chlorophenol: choline chloride deep eutectic solvent. The deep eutectic solvent was prepared by passing the mixture of related compounds through a syringe barrel filled with exothermic salts (calcium chloride and potassium bromide).

Development of salt-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction using a deep eutectic solvent performed in a narrow-bore tube for the extraction of Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) ions from honey samples.

In this study, a sample preparation procedure based on salt-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction performed in a narrow-bore tube was used for the preconcentration and extraction of Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) ions from honey samples. To perform the procedure, a mixture of working solution containing sodium chloride, acetonitrile, and a synthesized deep eutectic solvent (as an extraction solvent) was transferred into a narrow tube filled with solid sodium chloride up to a specific level. As the solution flowed through the tube, tiny droplets of the extraction solvent were formed at the boundary between the solution and salt layer.

Determination of copper(II) and lead(II) ions in dairy products by an efficient and green method of heat-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction based on a deep eutectic solvent.

In this study, a new homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction method using a deep eutectic solvent has been developed for the extraction of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions in dairy products. Initially, the deep eutectic solvent was synthesized using choline chloride and -chlorophenol and used as the extraction solvent. The synthesized solvent was soluble in milk at 70 °C and its separation from the sample was performed by decreasing the temperature.

In-situ formation of the adsorbent based on octadecylamine for the extraction of Ag ions from aqueous solutions and its determination by microinjection flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

In this research, a dispersive solid phase extraction procedure based on changing the solubility of octadecylamine with pH was proposed to determine Ag ions in different water samples. For this purpose, first, the pH of sample solution containing the analyte was adjusted to 10.5.

Selective extraction of apixaban from plasma by dispersive solid-phase microextraction using magnetic metal organic framework combined with molecularly imprinted polymer nanocomposite.

This research aims to synthesize a specific and efficient sorbent to use in the extraction of apixaban from human plasma samples and its determination by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. High specific surface area of metal-organic framework, magnetic property of iron oxide nanoparticles, selectively of molecular imprinted polymer toward the analyte, and the combination of dispersive solid-phase extraction method with a sensitive analysis system provided an efficient analytical method. In this study, first, a molecularly imprinted polymer combined with magnetic metal organic framework nanocomposite was prepared and then characterized using different techniques.

Using mandelic acid as an extraction solvent in the extraction of Cu(II) and Cd(II) from soil samples.

In this study, an efficient, green, and rapid sample preparation method based on mandelic acid dimer was proposed for the extraction of Cu(II) and Cd(II) from soil samples followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. In this research, for the first time, the liquid dimer was prepared by heating solid mandelic acid. Then the mixture of soil and a complexing agent was added into it.

formation of chloroform for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of some aromatic amines from aqueous samples optimized by central composite design prior to GC-MS analysis.

In the current research, an solvent formation-liquid phase microextraction method based on chloroform has been introduced as an efficient sample preparation procedure and applied for the extraction and preconcentration of some aromatic amines from wastewaters. In this method, chloral hydrate (2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol) was added to an alkaline solution of the samples in order to form chloroform as an extraction solvent in the sample solution. Thus, the selected analytes were transferred from the aqueous solution into the tiny droplets of the produced chloroform.

In-situ formation of a solid adsorbent for the extraction of some metal ions from crude oil before their determination by microflow nebulizer inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.

The presence of heavy metals in crude oil can create different problems on the oil processing and devices as well as pollution of the environment. Establishment of sample preparation methods for the extraction of metals from crude oil is the bottleneck of a successful determination method due to high hydrophobicity and complexity of crude oil matrix. In this study, a dispersive solid phase extraction procedure was developed for the simultaneous extraction of sixteen metal ions based on in-situ formation of an adsorbent in the sample solution.

Development of a pH-induced dispersive solid-phase extraction method using folic acid combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction: application in the extraction of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions from water and fruit juice samples.

In this study, a new pH-induced dispersive solid-phase extraction method using folic acid has been proposed for the extraction of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions from water and fruit juice samples. For this purpose, at first, a specified amount of folic acid was dissolved in the sample solution containing the studied ions at pH 8.5.

Riboflavin as a green sorbent in dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of several pesticides from fruit juices combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction.

A vortex-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction procedure using a new and green sorbent was developed as a simple, fast, and efficient sample preparation method for the extracting five pesticides in several fruit juice samples. In this study, for the first time, riboflavin was used as an efficient sorbent. A few milligrams of riboflavin was directly added into the aqueous solution containing the analytes to adsorb them.

Improved magnetic solid-phase extraction based on magnetic sorbent obtained from sand for the extraction of pesticides from fruit juice.

Background: A combination of magnetic solid-phase extraction using an efficient and cheap magnetic sorbent obtained from sand and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction has been developed for the extraction of nine multiclass pesticides (clodinafop-propargyl, haloxyfop-R-methyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, oxadiazon, penconazole, diniconazole, chlorpyrifos, fenazaquin, and fenpropathrin) from commercial fruit juices (sour cherry, pomegranate, grape, watermelon, orange, apricot, and peach juices). The enriched pesticides were determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The sorbent was natural iron oxide entrapped in silica along with some impurities.

Development of a liquid-nitrogen-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction of Co(II) and Ni(II) from water and fruit juice samples followed by atomic absorption spectrometry detection.

In this study, a simple and rapid sample preparation method named liquid-nitrogen-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction has been developed for the extraction and pre-concentration of Co(II) and Ni(II) ions before their analysis by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. For this purpose, first, acetonitrile containing 8-hydroxyquinoline is added into a sample solution and the mixture is vortexed. As a result, a homogeneous solution is formed.

Development of a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on a ternary deep eutectic solvent as chelating agent and extraction solvent for preconcentration of heavy metals from milk samples.

A simple, green, rapid, and efficient ligandless dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure based on solidification of a ternary deep eutectic solvent has been proposed for the extraction of trace amounts of Cd(II), Cu(II), and Pb(II) ions in milk samples prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Initially, a suitable mole ratio of sorbitol, menthol, and mandelic acid are mixed in a test tube, and after heating, a deep eutectic solvent with low density compared to water is formed. The synthesized solvent is used as a chelating agent and an extraction solvent in the extraction of some heavy metal ions from milk samples.

Application of a clean-up procedure using a ternary liquid phase system combined with pre-concentration by microextraction in the analysis of seven pesticides from soya milk.

Background: A method has been developed based on a three-phase system, followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the extraction of seven pesticides from soya milk prior to analysis by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. The base of this method is the different extraction capability of the components of soya milk according to each of the phases involved. In this procedure, a homogeneous solution consisting of soya milk and a water-miscible solvent (acetonitrile) is separated into two phases in the presence of Na SO and the analytes are extracted into the produced acetonitrile droplets.

Cyclohexylamine as extraction solvent and chelating agent in extraction and preconcentration of some heavy metals in aqueous samples based on heat-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction.

A new sample preparation method has been developed for extraction and preconcentration of some heavy metal cations in aqueous samples using cyclohexylamine-based homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction. In the proposed method, cyclohexylamine was used as both the complexing agent and the extraction solvent. For this purpose, cyclohexylamine at µL level was initially added into an aqueous solution containing Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) ions which was placed in a glass test tube.

Microextraction methods for the determination of phthalate esters in liquid samples: A review.

1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid esters, commonly referred to as phthalate esters, form a group of compounds that are mainly used as plasticizers in polymers. Because phthalate esters are not chemically bound to the plastics, they can be released easily from products and migrate into the food or water that comes into direct contact. Due to their widespread use, they are considered as ubiquitous environmental pollutants.

Molecularly imprinted-solid phase extraction combined with simultaneous derivatization and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for selective extraction and preconcentration of methamphetamine and ecstasy from urine samples followed by gas chromatography.

In this study, a developed technique was reported for extraction and pre-concentration of methamphetamine (MAMP) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) from urine samples using molecularly imprinted-solid phase extraction (MISPE) along with simultaneous derivatization and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). Molecularly imprinted microspheres as sorbent in solid phase extraction (SPE) procedure were synthesized using precipitation polymerization with MAMP as the template. Aqueous solution of the target analytes was passed through MAMP-MIP cartridge and the adsorbed analytes were then eluted with methanol.