Frailty assessment and outcomes in primary care for patients with diabetes during Ramadan: implications for risk evaluation and care plans.

Background: Frailty is a critical concern for older adults, impacting their susceptibility to adverse events and overall quality of life. This study aimed to determine the frailty status of patients 60 years or older in Abu Dhabi Ambulatory Healthcare Services (AHS) and assess its relation to the stress exerted by Ramadan fasting and the occurrence of any adverse outcomes.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, participants were included if the attending physicians used the IDF-DAR risk stratification assessment tool.

New Onset Plaque Psoriasis in a Hemodialysis Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Psoriasis is a common chronic skin condition characterized by erythematous plaques with silvery scales. Several small studies have shown the beneficial effects of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis on severe psoriasis cases that were refractory to different therapies even without renal impairment. On the other hand, new onset psoriasis after the initiation of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients has been rarely reported.

Tripling of the scattering vector range of X-ray reflectivity on liquid surfaces using a double-crystal deflector.

The maximum range of perpendicular momentum transfer ( ) has been tripled for X-ray scattering from liquid surfaces when using a double-crystal deflector setup to tilt the incident X-ray beam. This is achieved by employing a higher-energy X-ray beam to access Miller indices of reflecting crystal atomic planes that are three times higher than usual. The deviation from the exact Bragg angle condition induced by misalignment between the X-ray beam axis and the main rotation axis of the double-crystal deflector is calculated, and a fast and straightforward procedure to align them is deduced.

IBD-Disk as a tool estimating the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease-related disability and associated influencing factors in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) disk is an easy tool to use in clinical practice to measure IBD-related disability, with a score >40 correlating with high daily-life burden. Its use has been limited mainly to the western world. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of IBD-related disability and evaluate the associated risk factors in Saudi Arabia.

A Regional Survey of Awareness of Inflammatory Bowel Disease among the Saudi Population.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is common worldwide, including the gulf region. Early diagnosis of IBD can improve patients' outcomes. However, early diagnosis is dependent on patients' awareness of the disease to seek medical advice.

Astaxanthin ameliorates inflammation, oxidative stress, and reproductive outcomes in endometriosis patients undergoing assisted reproduction: A randomized, triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: In a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (RCT) including 50 infertile women with endometriosis candidate for assisted reproductive techniques (ART), we studied the effect of Astaxanthin (AST) on pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress (OS) markers, and early pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: Before and after 12 weeks of AST treatment (6 mg per day), blood serum and follicular fluid (FF) samples were collected from 50 infertile women with endometriosis stage III/IV undergoing ART. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and OS markers (malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and total antioxidant capacity [TAC]) were measured in the serum and FF.

Graphene at Liquid Copper Catalysts: Atomic-Scale Agreement of Experimental and First-Principles Adsorption Height.

Liquid metal catalysts have recently attracted attention for synthesizing high-quality 2D materials facilitated via the catalysts' perfectly smooth surface. However, the microscopic catalytic processes occurring at the surface are still largely unclear because liquid metals escape the accessibility of traditional experimental and computational surface science approaches. Hence, numerous controversies are found regarding different applications, with graphene (Gr) growth on liquid copper (Cu) as a prominent prototype.

Regulatory non-coding RNA: The core defense mechanism against plant pathogens.

Plant pathogens damage crops and threaten global food security. Plants have evolved complex defense networks against pathogens, using crosstalk among various signaling pathways. Key regulators conferring plant immunity through signaling pathways include protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).

X-ray reflectivity from curved surfaces as illustrated by a graphene layer on molten copper.

The X-ray reflectivity technique can provide out-of-plane electron-density profiles of surfaces, interfaces, and thin films, with atomic resolution accuracy. While current methodologies require high surface flatness, this becomes challenging for naturally curved surfaces, particularly for liquid metals, due to the very high surface tension. Here, the development of X-ray reflectivity measurements with beam sizes of a few tens of micrometres on highly curved liquid surfaces using a synchrotron diffractometer equipped with a double crystal beam deflector is presented.

Real-Time Multiscale Monitoring and Tailoring of Graphene Growth on Liquid Copper.

The synthesis of large, defect-free two-dimensional materials (2DMs) such as graphene is a major challenge toward industrial applications. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on liquid metal catalysts (LMCats) is a recently developed process for the fast synthesis of high-quality single crystals of 2DMs. However, up to now, the lack of techniques enabling direct feedback on the growth has limited our understanding of the process dynamics and primarily led to empirical growth recipes.

Histologic remission does not offer additional benefit for ulcerative colitis patients in endoscopic remission.

Background: Histologic remission in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients may be associated with positive outcomes. It is unclear whether UC patients in endoscopic remission obtain additional benefit from achieving histologic remission.

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between time to relapse and histological activity among UC patients in endoscopic remission.

Dietary Inflammatory Index is associated with Healthy Eating Index, Alternative Healthy Eating Index, and dietary patterns among Iranian adults.

Background: Recent investigations have evaluated the effect of the inflammatory potential of diet in several populations by calculating the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score. We aimed to evaluate the association of the DII with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), and dietary pattern (DP) among healthy Iranian adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4365 middle-aged adults.

Development of a reactor for the in situ monitoring of 2D materials growth on liquid metal catalysts, using synchrotron x-ray scattering, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy.

Liquid metal catalysts (LMCats) (e.g., molten copper) can provide a new mass-production method for two-dimensional materials (2DMs) (e.

Comparing the Electromyographic Features of the Masseter and Temporal Muscles in Patients with full Mouth Implant-supported FDPs and Natural Dentition.

Background: Due to increasing demands for a full mouth implant reconstructions and the fact that the most failures are associated with biomechanical complications, determining the effect of different occlusal patterns on these complications seems inevitable. The aim of this study is to compare affection of different occlusal designs in full mouth implant reconstructed patients on electromyographic activity of temporal and masseter muscles compared to natural dentition.

Methods: Thirty-two patients were included in this study, considering that 16 patients had natural dentition and the other 16 were full mouth implant reconstruction patients.

Effects of selegiline, a monoamine oxidase B inhibitor, on differentiation of P19 embryonal carcinoma stem cells, into neuron-like cells.

Selegiline, the irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), is currently used to treat Parkinson's disease. However, the mechanism of action of selegiline is complex and cannot be explained solely by its MAO-B inhibitory action. It stimulates gene expression, as well as expression of a number of mRNAs or proteins in nerve and glial cells.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 functional promoter polymorphism 1562C>T increased risk of early-onset coronary artery disease.

The Matrix metalloproteinase-9 functional promoter polymorphism 1562C>T may be considered an important genetic determinant of early-onset coronary artery disease (ECAD). In this study, association between MMP-9 1562C>T allele with plasma MMP-9 activity, homocysteine and lipid-lipoproteins level and ECAD in Iranian subjects was investigated. This case-control study consisted of 53 ECAD patients (age < 55 years) and unrelated late-onsets CAD (age>70 years) who angiographically had at least 50% stenosis.

Blood gas values and pulmonary hypertension as affected by dietary sodium source in broiler chickens reared at cool temperature in a high-altitude area.

One hundred and twenty day-old male chicks (Ross 308) reared at a cool temperature at high altitude were subjected to the following two treatments in a completely randomised design: (1) a group for which the sodium requirements were supplied by sodium chloride from day-old age and regarded as control, (2) a group similar to the control but for which 50% of the sodium requirements was supplied by sodium bicarbonate from day-old age. Provision of sodium equally from NaCl and NaHCO₃ significantly (P < 0.05) increased the partial pressure of oxygen and the saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen, and significantly (P < 0.

Solvatochromic behavior on the absorption and fluorescence spectra of Rose Bengal dye in various solvents.

The absorption and fluorescence spectra of Rose Bengal dye were studied in various solvents. It was found that solvent effects on the absorption wavelength are consistent with the solvatochromic model of Kamlet, Abboud and Taft. The solvent polarizability value pi* was found to have a linear relationship with the absorption wavelength of the dye in various solvents.

Human kallikrein 2 (hK2), but not prostate-specific antigen (PSA), rapidly complexes with protease inhibitor 6 (PI-6) released from prostate carcinoma cells.

Human kallikrein 2 (hK2) is a secreted, trypsin-like protease that shares 80% amino acid sequence identity with prostate-specific antigen (PSA). hK2 has been shown to be a serum marker for prostate cancer and may also play a role in cancer progression and metastasis. We have previously identified a novel complex between human kallikrein 2 (hK2) and protease inhibitor 6 (PI-6) in prostate cancer tissue.

A truncated precursor form of prostate-specific antigen is a more specific serum marker of prostate cancer.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a widely used serum marker for prostate cancer (PCa) but has limited specificity for distinguishing early PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia, because both PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia release PSA into the serum. We have identified previously a truncated form of precursor PSA (pPSA) in prostate tumor extracts consisting of PSA with a serine-arginine pro leader peptide ([-2]pPSA) instead of the normally expressed 7 amino acid pro leader peptide. In the current study we developed monoclonal antibodies to detect [-2]pPSA and other isoforms of pPSA for Western blot analysis.

Gavello's procedure: an old earlobe reconstruction method, revisited and touched up.

Earlobe reconstruction following traumatic damage is a challenge for most of the plastic and reconstructive surgeons. Several methods developed for reconstruction of this deformity have shown to bear various advantages and disadvantages. Our modified Gavello's procedure, without using skin grafting in resurfacing the flap donor site, has shown to be satisfactory.