Remotely Modulating the Optical Properties of Organic Charge-Transfer Crystallites via Molecular Packing.

Organic charge-transfer complex (CTC) formation has emerged as an effective molecular engineering strategy for achieving the desired optical properties via intermolecular interactions. By synthesizing organic CTCs with carbazole-based electron donors and a 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane acceptor and adopting a molecular linker located remotely from the charge-transfer interface within the donors, we were able to modulate near-infrared absorptive and short-wavelength infrared emissive properties. Structural characterizations performed by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirmed that the unique molecular arrangements induced by the steric hindrance from the remotely located linker significantly influence the electronic interactions between the donor and acceptor molecules, resulting in different photophysical properties.

Atto-Scale Noise Near-Infrared Organic Photodetectors Enabled by Controlling Interfacial Energetic Offset through Enhanced Anchoring Ability.

The near-infrared (NIR) sensor technology is crucial for various applications such as autonomous driving and biometric tracking. Silicon photodetectors (SiPDs) are widely used in NIR applications; however, their scalability is limited by their crystalline properties. Organic photodetectors (OPDs) have attracted attention for NIR applications owing to their scalability, low-temperature processing, and notably low dark current density (J), which is similar to that of SiPDs.

Multifunctional PtRh-CoO alloy nanoparticles with Pt-enriched surface and induced synergistic effect for improved performance in ORR, OER, and HER.

Engineering high-performance electrocatalysts to improve the kinetics of parallel electrochemical reactions in low-temperature fuel cells, water splitting, and metal-air battery applications is important and inevitable. In this study, by employing a chemical co-reduction method, we developed multifunctional PtRh-CoO alloy with uniformly distributed ultrafine nanoparticles (2-3 nm), supported on carbon. The presence of CoO and the incorporation of Rh led to a strong electronic and ligand effect in the Pt lattice environment, which caused the d-band center of Pt to shift.

Highly Effective Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on Symmetry and Asymmetry Nicotinonitrile Derivatives.

In this study, we developed two thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, and , to apply to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). These emitters involve indolocarbazole (ICz) donor units and nicotinonitrile acceptor units with a twisted donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) structure for small singlet (S) and triplet (T) state energy gap (Δ) to enable efficient exciton transfer from the T to the S state. Depending on the position of the cyano-substituent, has a symmetric structure by introducing donor units at the 3,5-position of isonicotinonitrile, and has an asymmetric structure by introducing donor units at the 2,6-position of nicotinonitrile.

Polyhedron shaped palladium nanostructures embedded on MoO/PANI-g-CN as high performance and durable electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction.

A hybrid catalyst support anchoring a noble metal catalyst could be a promising material for building interfacial bonding between metallic nanostructures and polymer functionalized carbon supports to improve the kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This study successfully prepared a polyhedron nanostructured Pd and MoO-embedded polyaniline-functionalized graphitized carbon nitride (PANI-g-CN) surface using a chemical reduction method. The Pd-Mo/PANI-g-CN achieved an ORR activity of 0.

Highly effective organic light-emitting diodes containing thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters with horizontal molecular orientation.

In this study, we report new thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, AcPYM (10,10'-(pyrimidine-2,5-diylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine)) and PxPYM (10,10'-(pyrimidine-2,5-diylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(10-phenoxazine)), by employing donor units at the 2,5-positions of the pyrimidine acceptor unit. The donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) units combined in the linear molecular structure of AcPYM or PxPYM enhanced the horizontally oriented alignment, and the horizontal transition dipole moments were realized by up to 87% in the host matrix. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) containing AcPYM and PxPYM emitters realized external quantum efficiencies ( ) of 16.

Direct Patterning of a Carbon Nanotube Thin Layer on a Stretchable Substrate.

Solution-based direct patterning on an elastomer substrate with meniscus-dragging deposition (MDD) enables fabrication of very thin carbon nanotube (CNT) layers in the nanometer scale (80-330 nm). To fabricate the CNT pattern with CNT solution, contact angle, electrical variation, mechanical stress, and surface cracks of elastomer substrate were analyzed to identify the optimal conditions of O treatment (treatment for 30 s with RF power of 50 W in O atmosphere of 50 sccm) and mixture ratio between Ecoflex and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (Ecoflex:PDMS = 5:1). The type of mask for patterning of the CNT layer was determined through quantitative analysis for sharpness and uniformity of the fabricated CNT pattern.

Precise control of nanoscale spacing between electrodes using different natured self-assembled monolayers.

Herein, we introduce an interdigitated horizontal electrode (IHE) structure with a metal-based electron-collecting (or -injecting) electrode and a hole-collecting (or -injecting) electrode composed of a conductive polymeric material that has a nanoscale distance and is horizontally separated. In the IHE, a metal electrode is fabricated on a silicon-oxide substrate, and a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) is selectively bonded to the metal and the oxide to form a conductive polymer electrode by dip coating. Each of the SAM materials is composed of a head part bonded to the substrate surface and a tail part that is hydrophilic or hydrophobic.

An Alternative Host Material for Long-Lifespan Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence.

It has been challenging to find stable blue organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) that rely on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Lack of stable host materials well-fitted to the TADF emitters is one of the critical reasons. The most popular host for blue TADF, bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether oxide (DPEPO), leads to unrealistically high maximum external quantum efficiency.

Blue Oleds: High-Efficiency Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence from Phenoxaphosphine and Phenoxathiin Derivatives (Adv. Mater. 23/2016).

High-performance blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters containing a phenoxaphosphine oxide or phenoxathiin dioxide acceptor unit coupled with a dimethylacridan donor unit are developed by T. Yasuda and co-workers, as desribed on page 4626. These emitters can allow efficient up-conversion of triplet excitons into singlet excitons, leading to both photoluminescence and internal electroluminescence quantum efficiencies of up to nearly 100%.

High-Efficiency Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence from Phenoxaphosphine and Phenoxathiin Derivatives.

High-efficiency blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules, consisting of phenoxaphosphine oxide and phenoxathiin dioxide as acceptor units and 9,9-dimethylacridan as a donor unit, are reported. Maximum external electroluminescence quantum efficiencies of up to 20.5% are achieved in blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by employing these materials as TADF emitters.

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Polymers for Efficient Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) π-conjugated polymers are developed for solution-processed TADF-OLEDs. Benzophenone-based alternating donor-acceptor structures contribute to the small ∆EST , enabling efficient exciton-harvesting through TADF. Solution-processed OLEDs using the TADF polymers as emitters can achieve high maximum external electroluminescence efficiencies of up to 9.

Nearly 100% internal quantum efficiency in undoped electroluminescent devices employing pure organic emitters.

The design of efficient and concentration-insensitive metal-free thermally activateddelayed fluorescence (TADF) materials is reported. Blue and green organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) containing a hole-transport layer, an undoped TADF emissive layer, and an electron-transport layer achieve maximum external quantum efficiencies of 19%, which is comparable to the best doped OLEDs.

X-shaped benzoylbenzophenone derivatives with crossed donors and acceptors for highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials based on benzoylbenzophenone, AcPmBPX and PxPmBPX, were designed and synthesized. Organic light-emitting diodes using these materials as emitters exhibited high external electroluminescence quantum efficiencies of up to 11%.

Highly efficient blue electroluminescence based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence.

Organic compounds that exhibit highly efficient, stable blue emission are required to realize inexpensive organic light-emitting diodes for future displays and lighting applications. Here, we define the design rules for increasing the electroluminescence efficiency of blue-emitting organic molecules that exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence. We show that a large delocalization of the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital in these charge-transfer compounds enhances the rate of radiative decay considerably by inducing a large oscillator strength even when there is a small overlap between the two wavefunctions.

Luminous butterflies: efficient exciton harvesting by benzophenone derivatives for full-color delayed fluorescence OLEDs.

Butterfly-shaped luminescent benzophenone derivatives with small energy gaps between their singlet and triplet excited states are used to achieve efficient full-color delayed fluorescence. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with these benzophenone derivatives doped in the emissive layer can generate electroluminescence ranging from blue to orange-red and white, with maximum external quantum efficiencies of up to 14.3%.