Cancer Care in Post-Roe America: How Do We Move Forward?

In 2022, the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade in the case of Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization.

Institutional barriers to clinical trial exploration experienced by the Latinx community.

This study evaluated two types of barriers that the authors deemed important to resolve during the early stage of cancer clinical trial exploration by Latinx community members. One was the accessibility of information provided on cancer centers' websites. The other was the telephone responders' clinical trial knowledge and their conveyance of a warm welcome to Latinx callers inquiring about the centers' clinical trials.

How did communities in North West England respond to the COVID-19 lockdown? Findings from a diary study.

Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the UK government and public health leaders advocated for community level responses to support vulnerable people. This activity could be planned and co-ordinated, however much was informal and developed organically. The effects on the individuals who were involved in providing and receiving informal support and implications for their communities have not been widely explored.

System resilience and neighbourhood action on social determinants of health inequalities: an English Case Study.

Aims: This article seeks to make the case for a new approach to understanding and nurturing resilience as a foundation for effective place-based co-produced local action on social and health inequalities.

Methods: A narrative review of literature on from a public health perspective was conducted and a new concept of was developed. This then shaped the development of a practical programme of action research implemented in nine socio-economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods in North West England between 2014 and 2019.

Lipid Metabolism Is Dysregulated in the Motor Cortex White Matter in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Lipid metabolism is profoundly dysregulated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), yet the lipid composition of the white matter, where the myelinated axons of motor neurons are located, remains uncharacterised. We aimed to comprehensively characterise how myelin is altered in ALS by assessing its lipid and protein composition. We isolated white matter from the motor cortex from post-mortem tissue of ALS patients (n = 8 sporadic ALS cases and n = 6 familial ALS cases) and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 8) and conducted targeted lipidomic analyses, qPCR for gene expression of relevant lipid metabolising enzymes and Western blotting for myelin proteins.

Clinical trials-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among Black and Latina women: A randomized controlled trial of the Women United: Clinical Trials and the Fight Against Breast Cancer Program.

Black and Latino adult cancer patients are underrepresented in cancer clinical trials, which limits generalizability of findings and amplifies disparities in healthcare access and outcomes. Community-level education programs designed to address barriers to participation could improve representation in cancer clinical trials. Through a community-campus partner framework, this study evaluated the Women United: Clinical Trials and the Fight Against Breast Cancer Program in Spanish and English.

Thyroid lobectomy for low-risk thyroid cancers.

Background: The 2016 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines proposed thyroid lobectomy for low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC); however, this approach is yet to be widely adopted. The aim of the study was to review our practice over three years following the publication of these guidelines identifying patients who underwent lobectomy-only for low-risk DTC in two regional units in the same multidisciplinary team (MDT).

Method: A retrospective review of patients who were operated between January 2016 and December 2018 was carried out.

Reductions in sleep quality and circadian activity rhythmicity predict longitudinal changes in objective and subjective cognitive functioning in women treated for breast cancer.

Purpose: To examine long-term cognitive effects of chemotherapy and identify predictors among women with breast cancer (WBC).

Patients And Methods: Sixty-nine WBC scheduled to receive chemotherapy, and 64 matched-controls with no cancer, participated. Objective and subjective cognition, total sleep time, nap time, circadian activity rhythms (CAR), sleep quality, fatigue, and depression were measured pre-chemotherapy (Baseline), end of cycle 4 (Cycle-4), and one-year post-chemotherapy (1-Year).

'A lot of small things make a difference'. Mental health and strategies of coping during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The social and economic consequences of COVID-19 have the potential to affect individuals and populations through different pathways (e.g., bereavement, loss of social interaction).

Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Lymphoproliferative Disorder in an Adult Patient With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorder (HV-LPD) is a rare Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) which primarily affects children from Latin America and Asia. Typical features include vesicles and ulceration in sun-exposed areas which may be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. We report a 73-year-old man diagnosed with HV-LPD in the context of zanubrutinib (oral Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK)-inhibitor) treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

CoV2-ID, a MIQE-compliant sub-20-min 5-plex RT-PCR assay targeting SARS-CoV-2 for the diagnosis of COVID-19.

Accurate, reliable and rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 is essential not only for correct diagnosis of individual COVID-19 disease but also for the development of a rational strategy aimed at lifting confinement restrictions and preparing for possible recurrent waves of viral infections. We have used the MIQE guidelines to develop two versions of a unique five plex RT-qPCR test, termed CoV2-ID, that allows the detection of three viral target genes, a human internal control for confirming the presence of human cells in a sample and a control artificial RNA for quality assessment and potential quantification. Viral targets can be detected either individually with separate fluorophores or jointly using the same fluorophore, thus increasing the test's reliability and sensitivity.

Psychometric evaluation of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales in English- and Spanish-speaking Hispanic Americans.

The English and Spanish versions of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales have not been psychometrically evaluated for use with Hispanic Americans. Hispanic American adults ( = 436) completed the English ( = 210) or Spanish ( = 226) Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales. A multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis did not support equivalent four-factor structures for Spanish- and English-speaking Hispanic Americans.

Fluorocholine PET/CT scanning with arterial phase-enhanced CT is useful for persistent/recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism: first UK case series results.

Introduction: Redo parathyroidectomy for persistent/recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism is associated with a higher risk of complications and should be planned only with convincing localisation. We assessed whether fluorocholine positron emission tomography/computed tomography could identify parathyroid adenoma(s) in patients with persistent/recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism and negative conventional scans.

Materials And Methods: A departmental database was used to identify patients with failed localisation attempts (sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography and/or computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging and/or selective parathyroid hormone sampling) after previous unsuccessful surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism.

Genetic testing and eHealth usage among Deaf women.

In the past decade, accessible information in American Sign Language (ASL) about cancer and genetic testing is expanding on eHealth platforms, including social network sites, commercial sites, and mobile apps. Primary data on genetic testing awareness and genetic testing for BRCA 1/2 among Deaf women were gathered using HINTS-ASL survey between November 2016 and April 2018, and secondary data for hearing women were drawn from NCI's HINTS 5 Cycle 1 survey in 2017. Deaf women who had heard of DNA testing (63%) were more likely to be young adults, college graduates, and/or have a family history of cancer.

Sleep disturbance and cancer-related fatigue symptom cluster in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Purpose: Sleep disturbance and cancer-related fatigue (CRF) are among the most commonly reported symptoms associated with breast cancer and its treatment. This study identified symptom cluster groups of breast cancer patients based on multidimensional assessment of sleep disturbance and CRF prior to and during chemotherapy.

Methods: Participants were 152 women with stage I-IIIA breast cancer.

Psychosocial and neighborhood correlates of health-related quality of life: A multi-level study among Hispanic adults.

Objective: Improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a public health goal of . Hispanics living in the United States are at risk for poor HRQoL, but the causes and correlates of this risk are not well understood. Thus, the present study examined individual-level psychosocial and neighborhood-level built environment correlates of physical and mental HRQoL among Hispanic adults.

Dwarfs and Giants of Parathyroid Adenomas-No Difference in Outcome After Parathyroidectomy.

Backgroud: This study compares the outcome of parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in patients whose adenomas' weights were at the extremes of the distribution curve. As the size of parathyroid adenomas influences the success rate of localization studies for PHPT, it is possible that a difference in cure rate could be observed between subgroups of patients.

Materials And Methods: Data were retrieved from a prospective database maintained in a large university hospital.

Attitudes to out-of-programme experiences, research and academic training of gastroenterology trainees between 2007 and 2016.

Objective: Academic medical training was overhauled in 2005 after the Walport report and Modernising Medical Careers to create a more attractive and transparent training pathway. In 2007 and 2016, national web-based surveys of gastroenterology trainees were undertaken to determine experiences, perceptions of and perceived barriers to out-of-programme research experience (OOP-R).

Design Setting And Patients: Prospective, national web-based surveys of UK gastroenterology trainees in 2007 and 2016.

Prostate-Specimen Antigen (PSA) Screening and Shared Decision Making Among Deaf and Hearing Male Patients.

Some deaf men who use American Sign Language (ASL) experience barriers in patient-physician communication which may leave them at disparity for shared decision making compared to hearing men. Transparent communication accessibility is needed between deaf male ASL users and their physicians to maximize the benefit to risk ratio of using the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a screening tool for early detection. The objective is to compare shared decision-making outcomes between deaf and hearing males who are (1) age-eligible for PSA screening and (2) younger than 45 years old with a family history of cancer.

An Electronic Referral and Social Work Protocol to Improve Access to Mental Health Services.

Background And Objectives: The prevalence of mental health problems among adolescents in the United States is a major public health concern. However, the uptake of mental health treatment is low. Integrating behavioral health into primary care is 1 research-informed strategy to increase engagement in treatment.

Binding of aberrant glycoproteins recognizable by Helix pomatia agglutinin in adrenal cancers.

Background: Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer cells and plays an important role in oncogenesis and cancer progression including metastasis. This study aimed to assess alteration in cellular glycosylation, detected by lectin Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA) binding, in adrenal cancers and to determine whether such altered glycosylation has prognostic significance.

Methods: HPA binding lectin histochemistry was performed on archival paraffin wax-embedded specimens of adrenocortical cancers excised from patients attending two tertiary referral centres.

A Breast Cancer Education Program for D/deaf Women.

Barriers to obtaining breast cancer prevention knowledge and breast cancer screening have been noted among D/deaf women. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is described that tested a culturally and linguistically tailored breast cancer education program conducted among a racially/ethnically diverse sample of 209 D/deaf women age 40 years or older. The study focused on D/deaf women with no more than a secondary education, a population at relatively high risk for incomplete breast health knowledge and services.