Listeriosis in Poland in 2012-2021.

Aim: The aim of the study is to present and evaluate the epidemiological situation of listeriosis in Poland in the years 2012-2021.

Material And Methods: The analysis material consisted of data from individual epidemiological case reports on listeriosis submitted to the Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance of the NIPH NIH - NRI by state sanitaryepidemiological stations in the form of paper questionnaires (2012-2019) and in the electronic form through the EpiBaza system (2020 and 2021), as well as aggregated data from the bulletin "Infectious Diseases and Poisoning in Poland".

Results: Between 2012 and 2021, a total of 896 cases of listeriosis were registred in Poland.

Giardioza (Lamblioza) w Polsce w 2021 roku.

Introduction: Giardiosis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoa Giardia lamblia (also known as Giardia intestinalis and Giardia duodenalis), which causes gastrointestinal symptoms. Infection usually occurs through the ingestion of contaminated water/food or through contact with an infected person. In Poland, giardiasis is notifiable disease, acoording to the EU deffinition implement in the polish surveillance system.

Salmonellosis in Poland in 2021.

Aim: The aim of the article is to present and assess the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland in 2021, in relation to previous years.

Material And Methods: The assessment of the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland was made on the basis of individual data on salmonellosis cases, entered by sanitary-epidemiological stations into the EpiBaza System, data on outbreaks caused by Salmonella bacilli from the Registry of Epidemic Outbreaks System (ROE), as well as on the basis of aggregated data published in the annual bulletins "Infectious Diseases and Poisoning in Poland" (NIPH NIH - NRI, GIS, Warsaw), including information sent by laboratories of sanitary-epidemiological stations, data from the article on the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland in 2020 and data from the Demographic Research Department of the Central Statistical Office.

Results: In 2021, in Poland sanitary-epidemiological stations registered 8,294 cases of salmonellosis - 8,014 cases of intestinal salmonellosis and 280 extra-intestinal salmonellosis, including 190 cases of salmonellosis septicemia.

Infectious diseases in Poland in 2021.

OBJECTIVE OF THE WORK. As 2021 was the second year of COVID-19 pandemic we expect the continuous impact of the pandemic on other infectious diseases. We aimed at reviewing the national infectious surveillance data based on available surveillance reports (Epidemiological Chronicle) to summarize the infectious disease situation in 2021.

Epidemiology of reported cases of leptospirosis in the EU/EEA, 2010 to 2021.

BackgroundLeptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus . Humans are infected by exposure to animal urine or urine-contaminated environments. Although disease incidence is lower in Europe compared with tropical regions, there have been reports of an increase in leptospirosis cases since the 2000s in some European countries.

Willingness to vaccinate among adults, and factors associated with vaccine acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in a nationwide study in Poland between March 2021 and April 2022.

Introduction: Despite the availability, safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines, Poland remains one of the six countries of the European Union with the lowest cumulative uptake of the vaccine's primary course in the general population. This study examined willingness to vaccinate and the associated factors in samples of unvaccinated and vaccinated adults between March 2021 and April 2022.

Methods: Data were collected using OBSER-CO, a nationwide, repeated cross-sectional study, conducted at four different time points (rounds).

Reversed urban-rural gradient in COVID-19 seroprevalence and related factors in a nationally representative survey, Poland, 29 March to 14 May 2021.

BackgroundWe anticipated that people in rural areas and small towns with lower population density, lower connectivity and jobs less dependent on social interaction will be less exposed to COVID-19. Still, other variables correlated with socioeconomic inequalities may have a greater impact on transmission.AimWe investigated how COVID-19 affected rural and urban communities in Poland, focussing on the most exposed groups and disparities in SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

A large multi-country outbreak of monkeypox across 41 countries in the WHO European Region, 7 March to 23 August 2022.

Following the report of a non-travel-associated cluster of monkeypox cases by the United Kingdom in May 2022, 41 countries across the WHO European Region have reported 21,098 cases and two deaths by 23 August 2022. Nowcasting suggests a plateauing in case notifications. Most cases (97%) are MSM, with atypical rash-illness presentation.

Shigellosis in Poland in 2018-2019.

Aim: The purpose of this study is evaluation of the epidemiological situation of shigellosis in Poland in years 2018-2019, comparing to previous years.

Materials And Methods: The evaluation of epidemiological situation of shigellosis in Poland was based on analysis of data from epidemiological surveillance collected in questionnaires and sent to the Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance NIPH NIH-NRI by sanitary stations. Once a case was reported on a ZLK-1 and/or ZLB-1 form to the appropriate State Sanitary Inspector, an epidemiological investigation was conducted by collecting additional information from medical records and from the patient interview.

Healthcare workers highly affected during the COVID-19 epidemic wave in Poland prior to vaccination availability: seroprevalence study.

Background: The aim of the study was to assess seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers (HCW) before introduction of vaccination, in selected areas in Poland as well as to identify potential risk factors and estimate the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 infections in this population.

Material And Methods: The authors conducted a sero-epidemiological, cross-sectional study among HCW of 5 non-COVID-19 hospitals in Poland. The recruitment took place in December 1-23, 2020, all HCW at selected hospitals could volunteer into the study.

Data-driven case fatality rate estimation for the primary lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in Poland.

After more than one and a half year since the COVID-19 pandemics outbreak the scientific world is constantly trying to understand its dynamics. In this paper of the case fatality rates (CFR) for COVID-19 we study the historic data regarding mortality in Poland during the first six months of pandemic, when no SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern were present among infected. To this end, we apply competing risk models to perform both uni- and multivariate analyses on specific subpopulations selected by different factors including the key indicators: age, sex, hospitalization.

Foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in the years 2018-2020.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to assess the epidemiological situation of foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in the years 2018-2020.

Materials And Methods: The evaluation was based on the analysis of information sent to Department of Epidemiology NIPH NIH - NRI through ROE (pol. Rejestr Ognisk Epidemicznych) - an electronic system created for uploading, transfer and analysis of data acquired during the outbreak investigations.

Giardiasis (lambliasis) in Poland in 2020.

Objective: Assessment of the epidemiological situation of giardiasis in Poland in year 2020.

Material And Methods: The assessment of the epidemiological situation of giardiasis in Poland in 2020 was performed on the basis of aggregated data from the annual bulletins "Infectious diseases and poisoning in Poland" for the years 2006-2020, data on individual cases collected for the purposes of epidemiological surveillance in the EpiBaza system, and data from food-borne outbreak investigations recorded in the Registry of Epidemic Outbreaks (ROE).

Results: The number of new cases of giardiasis reported in Poland in 2020 amounted to 358 cases (incidence rate 0.

Yersiniosis in Poland in 2018-2020.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of yersiniosis in Poland in 2018-2020 and compare it to previous years.

Material And Methods: To assess the epidemiological situation of yersiniosis in Poland, data from individual case reports prepared by Sanitary Epidemiological Stations as part of routine epidemiological surveillance were used. Incidence, number of cases and data on hospitalizations by voivodship included in the bulletins "Infectious Diseases and Poisons in Poland" for 2015-2020 were also used.

Salmonellosis in Poland in 2020.

Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland in 2020 compared with previous years.

Material And Methods: The epidemiological situation was assessed on the basis of data provided to the Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance of the NIPH NIH-NRI by sanitary-epidemiological stations through the EpiBaza System and the Registry of Epidemic Outbreaks System (ROE), as well as on the basis of data published in the annual bulletin "Infectious Diseases and Poisoning in Poland in 2020" (NIPH NIH-NRI, GIS, Warsaw, 2021) and from information received from laboratories of sanitary-epidemiological stations and data from the Demographic Research Department of the Statistics Poland.

Results: In Poland in 2020, in the sanitary-epidemiological surveillance registered a total of 5,470 cases of salmonellosis, 5,302 cases of intestinal salmonellosis, and the remaining 168 cases of extra-intestinal salmonellosis.

Infectious diseases in Poland in 2020.

Objective Of The Work: The article reviews the main problems of the epidemiology of infectious diseases in Poland in 2020. It summarizes relevant findings from the national infectious disease surveillance system.

Material And Methods: The data contained in this article come from the reports collected by the State Sanitary Inspection on cases of notifiable infectious diseases notified by clinicians and/or laboratories.

Estimated number of deaths directly averted in people 60 years and older as a result of COVID-19 vaccination in the WHO European Region, December 2020 to November 2021.

Since December 2019, over 1.5 million SARS-CoV-2-related fatalities have been recorded in the World Health Organization European Region - 90.2% in people ≥ 60 years.

COVID-19 module in SRWE system - application and use in epidemiological surveillance and reporting to international institutions.

The new SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) coronavirus causing acute respiratory disease COVID-19 (2019 coronavirus disease) detected in China in 2019 very quickly revealed its epidemic potential and was recognized as a global health problem. The situation caused by the rapidly increasing number of new cases and deaths due to COVID-19 required the rapid development of international recommendations and procedures to limit the spread of infections and ongoing monitoring of the epidemiological situation. In the field of epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 cases, international organizations - WHO and regionally ECDC, have developed basic requirements for reporting data on newly detected cases of infection.

Salmonellosis in Poland in 2018 and 2019.

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland, in 2018 and 2019 compared with previous years.

Material And Methods: The assessment of the epidemiological situation was performed on the basis of data provided to the Department of Epidemiology Infectious Diseases and Surveillance of NIPH NIH - NRI by sanitary-epidemiological stations through the Epidemiological Case Reporting System (SRWE) and the Registry of Epidemic Outbreaks (ROE), as well as on the basis of data from the annual bulletins "Infectious Diseases and Poisonings in Poland" 2018 and 2019 (NIPH NIH - NRI, GIS, Warsaw, 2019 and 2020) and from information received from laboratories of sanitary-epidemiological stations and data from the Demographic Research Department of Statistics Poland (GIS).

Results: In Poland in 2018 a total of 9,957 cases of salmonellosis were reported in the sanitaryepidemiological surveillance, among these infections 9,651 were cases of intestinal salmonellosis, 306 were cases of extraintestinal salmonellosis.

Campylobacteriosis in Poland in 2018-2019.

Introduction: Campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Campylobacter. This disease usually presents with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. The majority of Campylobacter infections are usually acquired through consumption of contaminated water or food, less frequently through direct contact with an infected animal or person.

Giardiasis (lambliasis) in Poland in 2018 and 2019.

Objective: Assessment of the epidemiological situation of giardiasis in Poland in years 2018 and 2019.

Material And Method: The assessment of the epidemiological situation of giardiasis in Poland was performed on the basis of data analysis results of the annual bulletins "Infectious diseases and poisoning in Poland" for the years 2008-2019, information from case report forms provided by employees of Powiat Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations (PSSE) through the Epidemiological Case Reporting System (SRWE), as well as information on outbreaks reported by PSSE employees through the Registry of Epidemic Outbreaks (ROE).

Results: The number of new cases of giardiasis recorded in Poland in 2018 was 928 (the incidence rate was 2.

Infectious diseases in Poland in 2018.

Objective Of The Article: The introductory text to the Epidemiological Chronicle (EC) of the Epidemiological Review contains data on the incidence of infectious and parasitic diseases in Poland in 2018 compared to 2017 data and medians from 2012-2016. It is a general overview of the epidemiological situation of infectious and parasitic diseases in Poland. With regard to selected diseases, widening and deepening picture is in the content of remaining articles of the epidemiological chronicle.

Infectious diseases in Poland in 2017.

Objective Of The Work: The article contains an overview of epidemiological surveillance data on infectious diseases in Poland in 2017 with reference to data from 2016 and median from 2011-2015. This is another introductory article to the systematically conducted Epidemiological Chronicle of Epidemiological Review presenting the current epidemiological situation of selected infectious diseases. In justified cases, eg by cross-border threats, the study includes references to the epidemiological situation in other countries.