Retraction notice to "Titanium and titanium alloys in dentistry: Current trends, recent developments, and future prospects" [Heliyon 8 (2022) e11300]".

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Oxaloacetate as a Holy Grail Adjunctive Treatment in Gliomas: A Revisit to Metabolic Pathway.

India experiences a significant amount of morbidity and mortality due to gliomas particularly glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which ranks among the worst cancers. Oxaloacetate (OAA) is a human keto acid that is central to cellular metabolism; it has been recognized by the US FDA for use in GBM patients, triggering a review to revisit the cellular mechanism of its therapeutic action. Various cellular and molecular studies have proposed that instead of fueling the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), gliomas prefer to use glycolysis (the Warburg effect) to fuel macromolecules for the synthesis of nucleotides, fatty acids, and amino acids for the accelerated mitosis.

Managing menstruation during natural disasters: menstruation hygiene management during "super floods" in Sindh province of Pakistan.

Menstruation is part of women's normal life, which requires basic hygienic practices. Managing hygiene can be affected by several factors and situations such as natural disasters. Focusing on 'super flooding' in Pakistan's Sindh Province, we pay attention to how this 'natural disaster' has affected hygienic practices of menstrual cycle of women.

The world is nuanced but pixelated: Autistic individuals' perspective on HIPPEA.

Autism is a condition comprised of difficulties in social and communication contexts, sensory sensitivities as well as restrictive and repetitive behaviours. Many theories have tried to explain all the symptoms and behaviours associated with autism. We focus on one recent theory - High, Inflexible Precision of Prediction Errors in Autism (HIPPEA).

Titanium and titanium alloys in dentistry: current trends, recent developments, and future prospects.

Many implant materials have been used in various dental applications depending on their efficacy and availability. A dental implant must possess the required characteristics, such as biocompatibility, corrosion & wear resistance, adequate mechanical properties, osseointegration, etc., to ensure its safe and optimum use.

Ethical guidance or epistemological injustice? The quality and usefulness of ethical guidance for humanitarian workers and agencies.

This paper explores the quality and usefulness of ethical guidance for humanitarian aid workers and their agencies. We focus specifically on public health emergencies, such as COVID-19. The authors undertook a literature review and gathered empirical data through semi-structured focus group discussions amongst front-line workers from health clinics in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh and in the Abyei Special Administrative Area, South Sudan.

Doctors Dealing With COVID-19 in Pakistan: Experiences, Perceptions, Fear, and Responsibility.

This study aimed to describe the dealings of 20 biomedical doctors with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Focusing on physicians from three different hospitals, we describe their challenges, emotions, and views concerning the pandemic. Many regarded the virus from a biomedical standpoint.

COVID-19 Significantly Affects Maternal Health: A Rapid-Response Investigation from Pakistan.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still unfolding. Its several implications are visible, yet more of them we have to observe and witness in future. Dealing with these impacts, this rapid-response article aims to situate the COVID-19 pandemic within Pakistan's overall sociocultural and politico-economic context; next to investigate the impacts of COVID-19 particularly the psychological ones on pregnant women in Pakistan via five case.

Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme gene polymorphism in Pakistani women with the atypical steroidogenesis in Polycystic ovarian syndrome: A case-control study.

Background: Polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) is responsible for elevated ACE concentrations in plasma. High ACE levels induce insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, which are the main attributes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Therefore, it was hypothesized that I/D polymorphism plays a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS.

Birthing Between the "Traditional" and the "Modern": Practices and Childbearing Women's Choices During COVID-19 in Pakistan.

Pregnancy and birth are biological phenomena that carry heavy cultural overlays, and pregnant and birthing women need care and attention during both ordinary and extraordinary times. Most Pakistani pregnant women now go to doctors and hospitals for their perinatal care. Yet traditional community midwives, called in the singular and in the plural, still attend 24% of all Pakistani births, primarily in rural areas.

COVID-19 and Vaccination Campaigns as "Western Plots" in Pakistan: Government Policies, (Geo-)politics, Local Perceptions, and Beliefs.

Vaccination encounters multiple context-specific challenges-socio-cultural, economic, and political-that substantially affect its uptake. Likewise, natural disasters and health emergencies considerably impact immunization endeavors, such as the coronaviurs 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that has overwhelmed the entire world. It was already anticipated that the pandemic would severely affect Pakistan's vaccination programs due to interruptions in routine vaccination and the overstretching of healthcare systems.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Flowmetry in Pediatric Patients with Chiari Malformation I with Surgical Implications.

Background: Chiari malformations include a large spectrum of anomalies of hindbrain formation that appear at different stages of development of the central nervous system. Chiari described these malformations as congenital anomalies of the hindbrain characterized by downward elongation of the brain stem and cerebellum into the cervical portion of spinal cord. Much research regarding Chiari malformation I (CMI) has focused on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics rather than the anatomic relationships of the tonsils and brainstem.

Clinicoradiological study of adult Chiari malformation type 1 patients with emphasis on cerebrospinal fluid peak flow velocity at foramen magnum level.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the peak cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow velocity at the foramen magnum level in adult patients with Chiari type 1 malformation (CM1) and to determine the changes in velocity after posterior fossa decompression. An attempt was also made to determine whether or not CSF flow velocity can be a significant predictor in patients who need surgical intervention.

Materials And Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in 32 symptomatic patients of CM1 treated with craniocervical decompression.

Combined analysis of the salivary microbiome and host defence peptides predicts dental disease.

Understanding the triad of host response, microbiome and disease status is potentially informative for disease prediction, prevention, early intervention and treatment. Using longitudinal assessment of saliva and disease status, we demonstrated that partial least squares modelling of microbial, immunological and clinical measures, grouped children according to future dental disease status. Saliva was collected and dental health assessed in 33 children aged 4 years, and again 1-year later.

Multiple spinal extradural arachnoidal cysts: An uncommon cause of thoracic cord compression.

Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts are one of the rare causes of symptomatic spinal cord compression. Among them, occurrence of multiple cysts at the same spinal segment is rarely described in the literature. They appear to be extradural outpouchings of arachnoid that communicate with the intraspinal sub-arachnoid space through a small defect in the dura, filled by cerebrospinal fluid.

Limited effect of anti-rheumatic treatment on 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) displays an important pathogenic role. The enzymes involved in its synthesis are highly expressed in the inflamed synovium, while little is known about 15- prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) that metabolizes PGE2. Here we aimed to evaluate the localization of 15-PGDH in the synovial tissue of healthy individuals or patients with inflammatory arthritis and determine the influence of common RA therapy on its expression.

Genomic DNA hypomethylation by histone deacetylase inhibition implicates DNMT1 nuclear dynamics.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are promising antitumor drugs acting through reactivation of silenced tumor suppressor genes. Several HDACi are currently in clinical trials both for hematological and solid tissue malignancies. Cooperative action of HDACi and DNA methylation inhibitors (DNMTi) has been reported, making combined treatment an attractive choice for cancer therapy.

Spinal muscular atrophy and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome : a rare association.

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a group of heritable connective tissue disorders characterised by hyperelasticity of the skin and hypermobile joints. In addition to those features it is often associated with many systemic complications. Though many neurological complications have been described, an association of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has not been reported.