Utilization of Quantitative Computed Tomography Assessment to Identify Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome After Single Lung Transplantation.

Objective: To evaluate quantitative chest computed tomography (CT) methods for the detection of air trapping (AT) and to assess its diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in single lung transplant (SLT) patients.

Methods: Adult patients who had a SLT at a single transplant center and underwent CT scan after transplantation were retrospectively included. CT findings of air trapping were measured by three different methods: expiratory air-trapping index (ATIexp), mean lung density on expiratory acquisition (MLDexp) and expiratory to inspiratory ratio of mean lung density (E/I-ratio(MLD).

Pulmonary rehabilitation improves survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis undergoing lung transplantation.

This study was conducted to evaluate whether a pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) is independently associated with survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) undergoing lung transplant (LTx). This quasi-experimental study included 89 patients who underwent LTx due to IPF. Thirty-two completed all 36 sessions in a PRP while on the waiting list for LTx (PRP group), and 53 completed fewer than 36 sessions (controls).

Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients With Advanced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Referred for Lung Transplantation.

Purpose: Currently, pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has a weak recommendation for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and is often recommended for mild to moderate disease. We aimed to investigate the completion rate of PR in patients with advanced IPF, to analyze whether the severity of disease influences PR response and whether there is any difference between subjects who are able or not able to successfully complete the program.

Methods: Patients with IPF referred to lung transplantation (n = 48) were enrolled in an outpatient PR program including 3 times/wk supervised exercise training during 12 wk.

Nocardia nova causing empyema necessitatis afterlung re-transplantation: a case report.

We report herein a case of thoracic infection due to Nocardia nova following lung re-transplantation performed for emphysema related to alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. The infection extended from the lung into the pleural space, thoracic wall, and mediastinum, presenting as pericarditis and empyema necessitatis. Nocardia nova was identified by 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

Twelve-year survival of the first living-donor pediatric lung transplantation in Brazil.

Objective: To report the long-term follow-up of the first living-donor lobar lung transplantation performed in Latin America.

Description: The patient was a 12-year-old boy with post-infectious obliterative bronchiolitis with end-stage pulmonary disease. He was on continuous oxygen support, presenting with dyspnea even during minimal activity.

Prognostic factors in lung transplantation: the Santa Casa de Porto Alegre experience.

Background: Lung transplantation (LT) has been established as a current therapy for selected patients with end-stage lung disease. Different prognostic factors have been reported by transplant centers. The objective of this study is to report our recent results with LT and to search for prognostic factors.

Diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients by detection of galactomannan in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

Background: Galactomannan (GM) detection in serum samples has been used to diagnose invasive aspergillosis (IA). Limited sensitivity has been observed in lung transplant recipients, for whom bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) testing has been advocated. Because airway colonization with Aspergillus species occurs frequently in these patients, false-positive GM results have been reported if the cutoff validated for sera is used (i.

Synchronous pulmonary and hepatic nodules in a patient with previous bronchogenic carcinoma: the relevance of histopathological confirmation.

The synchronous presentation of pulmonary and hepatic nodules in a patient with previously resected bronchogenic carcinoma raises suspicion of recurrence and mandates restaging. We present the case of a 71-year-old male with a history of lobectomy with pericardial resection and mediastinal lymphadenectomy (T3N0M0). At five years after the operation, he presented with a new pulmonary lesion.

Surgical maneuvers for the management of bronchial complications in lung transplantation.

Background: Many advances have substantially improved the clinical results of lung transplantation. However, the incidence of bronchial complications is still high, with significant impact on survival and limited interventional strategies for complex cases. Our aim is to evaluate the surgical management of bronchial complications following lung transplantation.

Complications related to lobectomy in living lobar lung transplant donors.

Objective: To evaluate post-operative complications in living lobar lung transplant donors.

Methods: Between September of 1999 and May of 2005, lobectomies were performed in 32 healthy lung transplant donors for 16 recipients. The medical charts of these donors were retrospectively analyzed in order to determine the incidence of postoperative complications and alterations in pulmonary function after lobectomy.