Growth-Associated Protein 43 Levels in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Correspond to the Cerebral Blood Flow Alterations in Alzheimer's Dementia Continuum: An Original Study.

Background And Aims: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative condition that has a growing impact on a global scale. This study aims to examine the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the synaptic biomarker growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) through the utilization of arterial spin labeling (ASL). The research identified noteworthy correlations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GAP-43 levels, CBF, and cognitive composite scores, especially among participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who possess the APOE-ε4 gene.

AI-enhanced PET/CT image synthesis using CycleGAN for improved ovarian cancer imaging.

Purpose: Ovarian cancer is the fifth fatal cancer among women. Positron emission tomography (PET), which offers detailed metabolic data, can be effectively used for early cancer screening. However, proper attenuation correction is essential for interpreting the data obtained by this imaging modality.

Corrigendum: Construction of a circRNA-lincRNA-lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA regulatory network identifies genes and pathways linked to goat fertility.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.

Climate change's impact on the nervous system: A review study.

Background: Global warming is caused by increased carbon dioxide and other industrial gases, which shift the climate of human habitat and environment, impacting human health globally. In this review, we tried to overview the current knowledge of climate change's impact on neurological disease.

Methods: A comprehensive search on PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), and Scopus was conducted to find the relevant original studies.

Recent advances in the clinical management of intoxication by five heavy metals: Mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium and arsenic.

Metals have been used for many centuries, but their nutritional and toxic effects have been investigated since the last century. The common toxic heavy metals (THM) include mercury, lead, chromium cadmium, and arsenic. As human exposure to THM increasingly causes systemic and organ complications, it seems required to review the recent advances of treatment of the toxic metals.

The complex interplay: How lifestyle and psychosocial factors contribute to hypertension in myocardial infarction patients-An integrated model.

Introduction: A significant proportion of acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients also suffer from hypertension (HTN), underscoring the need for effective HTN prevention and management strategies in this group. This study aims to elucidate the complex web of direct and indirect factors contributing to HTN in the context of MI.

Material And Methods: The study utilized longitudinal data from patients aged 18-75 experiencing their first ST-segment elevation MI from five major provinces of Iran, including Tehran, Isfahan, Yazd, Gilan, and Hormozgan.

Associations between diffusion tensor imaging patterns and cerebrospinal fluid markers in mild cognitive impairment.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can be used to detect early signs of increased water diffusivity in white matter tracts in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study examined how DTI, alongside cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers (like tau proteins and amyloid-β), can help identify early brain changes in MCI. We included 159 individuals (92 with MCI and 67 healthy controls) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and extracted their demographics, CSF biomarkers, and DTI metrics.

Tea and coffee consumption and the 15-Year risk of cardiovascular events: the Isfahan cohort study (ICS).

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between tea and coffee consumption and the 15-year incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality among the Iranian population.

Methods: The present study Data were obtained from the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), a prospective cohort study of ≥ 35-year-old healthy adults in central Iran from 2001 to 2017. This study was conducted using baseline data on tea and/or coffee consumption per day/week from ICS to identify the occurrence of any new cardiovascular events, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina (UA), stroke, cardiovascular disease (CVD), sudden cardiac death (SCD), cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.

Explainability of a Deep Learning-Based Classification Model for Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody-Associated Glomerulonephritis.

Introduction: The histopathological classification for antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis (ANCA-GN) is a well-established tool to reflect the variety of patterns and severity of lesions that can occur in kidney biopsies. It was demonstrated previously that deep learning (DL) approaches can aid in identifying histopathological classes of kidney diseases; for example, of diabetic kidney disease. These models can potentially be used as decision support tools for kidney pathologists.

Artificial intelligence and different image modalities in uveal melanoma diagnosis and prognosis: A narrative review.

Background: The most widespread primary intraocular tumor in adults is called uveal melanoma (UM), if detected early enough, it can be curable. Various methods are available to treat UM, but the most commonly used and effective approach is plaque radiotherapy using Iodine-125 and Ruthenium-106.

Method: The authors performed searches to distinguish relevant studies from 2017 to 2024 by three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar).

Investigate of LOC101928988 Regulatory Effect on the DAPK2 Transcription in Breast Tumors.

Background: The World Health Organization has mentioned breast cancer holds the highest incidence rate among all types of cancer globally. Death-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) is a serine/threonine kinase linked to various forms of malignancy, such as breast cancer. This protein assumes a pivotal function in a multitude of cellular mechanisms, including apoptosis, autophagy, and cell migration.

Comparing the association of novel Anthropometric and atherogenicity indices with all-cause, cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in a general population of Iranian adults.

Background: The association of novel anthropometrics and novel atherogenicity indices with mortality remains uncertain.

Objective: To compare the association of novel anthropometrics and atherogenicity indices with all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), and non-CVD mortality in Iranian adults.

Methods: Utilizing data from Isfahan Cohort Study, 5432 participants aged older than 35 years were enrolled.

Comparing the Effect of Moderate-Intensity Versus High-Intensity Interval Training Exercise on Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) in Cardiovascular Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) is a highly sensitive echocardiographic biomarker that detects signs of myocardial dysfunction. It has been proven that exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves LV-GLS but whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is more efficient than moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) to improve LV-GLS as cardiac deformation index in cardiovascular patients is debatable. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, different digital databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (ISI), and Google Scholar were searched systematically with no time restriction to answer the abovementioned question.

Effect of Photodynamic Therapy With Two Different Photosensitizers on the Viability of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a minimally invasive technique increasingly used in dentistry for its antimicrobial properties. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the viability of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). In this laboratory-based, experimental study, DPSCs were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and maintained at 37 °C.

The effect of the fenugreek hydrolyzed protein on lipid profile in patients with mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia: A confirmatory triple-blind randomized-controlled clinical trial.

Background: The risk of coronary artery disease in people with high serum cholesterol is more than twice as high as in those with moderate serum cholesterol. Natural medicines, especially herbs, have been the focus of attention for many years because of the desirable and minimal side effects for controlling blood lipids.

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the effect of fenugreek hydrolyzed protein (FHP) on lipid profile in patients with mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia.

Global prevalence of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis in patients with colorectal cancer: an overview of case reports/case series and meta-analysis of prevalence studies.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest carcinoma across the globe and has been known as a multi-factor induced-disease. Emerging research have demonstrated that bacterial colonization may contribute to the initiation and promotion of the CRC. The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.

Effects of particle size, seasonal variation, and acid aging on the oxidative potential of urban and industrial airborne PM in Isfahan metropolis, Iran.

Air pollution from particulate matter (PM) presents significant global environmental and public health challenges. PM's oxidative potential (OP) is a critical indicator integrating biological and physicochemical characteristics. This study investigates the OP of PM across different size fractions (PM, PM and total suspended particles (TSP)) in urban and industrial areas of Isfahan, Iran, focusing on the effects of acid aging and seasonal variation.

Characterization of Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Water by Improved Cuttlebone Powder with Magnetic FeO Nanoparticle as a Bioadsorbent.

Scientists are constantly striving to develop improved methods for reducing or eliminating the discharge of harmful heavy metals into drinking water sources and the environment. In light of this, this study investigates the potential of utilizing a naturally available and sustainable bio-waste material, cuttlebone Powder (SCP), as an exceptionally effective adsorbent for the adsorption of Ni (II), Pb (II), Cu (II), and Fe (II) ions. SCP is also characterized by Fourier-transform infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Xray diffraction (XRD), and Energy dispersive Xray (EDX) analysis.

Association of ERCC2/XPD polymorphisms and the risk of head and neck carcinoma: a systematic review, meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis, network analysis, and functional effects.

Objectives And Aims: The combination of genetic and environmental factors may contribute to the carcinogenesis of HNC. Despite the reported associations between xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) polymorphisms and HNC, the results have been inconsistent, with different studies reporting varying results. Therefore, our aim is to assess the association of three XPD polymorphisms (rs13181, rs1799793, and rs238406) in a comprehensive meta-analysis.

Improving the Wound Healing Process: Pivotal role of Mesenchymal stromal/stem Cells and Immune Cells.

Wound healing, a physiological process, involves several different types of cells, from immune cells to non-immune cells, including mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC), and their interactions. Immune cells including macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells (DC), innate lymphoid cells (ILC), natural killer (NK) cells, and B and T lymphocytes participate in wound healing by secreting various mediators and interacting with other cells. MSCs, as self-renewing, fast proliferating, and multipotent stromal/stem cells, are found in a wide variety of tissues and critically involved in different phases of wound healing by secreting various molecules that help to improve tissue healing and regeneration.

Collagen Hybridizing Peptide-Based Radiotracers for Molecular Imaging of Collagen Turnover in Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a characteristic feature of interstitial lung disease. Current clinical diagnostic methods provide a snapshot of the lung structure without information on disease activity. Collagen hybridizing peptides offer the opportunity to detect collagen remodeling through their hybridization with denatured collagen.

The additional effect of 5% atorvastatin shampoo in the treatment of adult patients with mild to moderate seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp: A prospective, randomised, double-blind trial.

Background Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a long-lasting inflammatory skin condition that predominantly impacts regions abundant in sebaceous glands, including the scalp. Objectives To assess the efficacy and anti-inflammatory effect of atorvastatin as an additive treatment among SD patients. Methods In a prospective, randomised, double-blind trial, 46 patients over 18 years old with mild to moderate scalp SD were randomly assigned to receive either 2% ketoconazole shampoo or 2% ketoconazole shampoo plus 5% atorvastatin.

Efficacy and safety of premixed versus basal-bolus regimens as intensification of insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Aim: To estimate the efficacy and safety of the basal-bolus and premixed insulin as intensification regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A comprehensive search of online databases was performed until December 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing premixed insulin versus basal-bolus regimen with treat-to-target intention. The Cochrane ROB-2 tool and GRADE approach were used for quality assessment and certainty of the evidence, respectively.

Exosomal miRNAs involvement in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic autoimmune arthropathy worldwide. The initiation, and progression of RA involves multiple cellular and molecular pathways, and biological interactions. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are characterized as a class of small non-coding RNAs that influence gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.